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Myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates do not differ in young men following the ingestion of carbohydrate with whey, soy, or leucine-enriched soy protein after concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise

Churchward-Venne, T. A., Pinckaers, P. J. M., Smeets, J. S. J., Peeters, W. M., Zorenc, A. H., Schierbeek, H., Rollo, I., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2019) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy251 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Quantitative amino acid profiling and stable isotopically labeled amino acid tracer enrichment used for in vivo human systemic and tissue kinetics measurements

Bornø, A., & van Hall, G. (2014) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.01.019 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplementation With and Without Exercise on Nutritional Status and Physical Function of Adult Hemodialysis Patients: A Parallel Controlled Clinical Trial (AVANTE-HEMO Study)

Alemañy, G. M., Espinosa-Cuevas, Á., Pérez-Navarro, L. M., Wilund, K. R., Miranda-Alatriste, P., Cortés-Pérez, M., García-Villalobos, G. G., Gómez-Guerrero, I., Cantú-Quintanilla, G., Ramírez-Mendoza, M., et al. (2019) · Journal of Renal Nutrition · doi:10.1053/j.jrn.2019.06.010 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Effects of skeletal muscle energy availability on protein turnover responses to exercise

Smiles, W. J., Hawley, J. A., & Camera, D. M. (2016) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.125104 · Cited by 48 · see citing works

Protein supplementation increases adaptations to endurance training: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lin, Y.-N., Tseng, T.-T., Knuiman, P., Chan, W. P., Wu, S.-H., Tsai, C.-L., & Hsu, C. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.12.012 · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Translocation and protein complex co-localization of mTOR is associated with postprandial myofibrillar protein synthesis at rest and after endurance exercise

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Protein ingestion does not impair exercise-induced AMPK signalling when in a glycogen-depleted state: implications for train-low compete-high

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The Effects of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Acute Changes in Muscle Protein Synthesis and Longer-Term Changes in Muscle Mass, Strength, and Aerobic Capacity in Response to Concurrent Resistance and Endurance Exercise in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review

Hartono, F. A., Martin-Arrowsmith, P. W., Peeters, W., & Churchward‐Venne, T. A. (2022) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01620-9 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Cow's milk as a post‐exercise recovery drink: implications for performance and health

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Protein-leucine ingestion activates a regenerative inflammo-myogenic transcriptome in skeletal muscle following intense endurance exercise

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Endurance Exercise Attenuates Postprandial Whole-Body Leucine Balance in Trained Men

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Dietary Fuels in Athletic Performance

Fritzen, A. M., Lundsgaard, A., & Kiens, B. (2019) · Annual Review of Nutrition · doi:10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124337 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein isolates enhance PGC-1α mRNA expression: a randomised, single blind, cross over study

Hill, K. M., Stathis, C. G., Grinfeld, E., Hayes, A., & McAinch, A. J. (2013) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-10-8 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Lactalbumin, Not Collagen, Augments Muscle Protein Synthesis with Aerobic Exercise

Oikawa, S. Y., MacInnis, M. J., Tripp, T. R., McGlory, C., Baker, S. K., & Phillips, S. M. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002253 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Assessing Overall Exercise Recovery Processes Using Carbohydrate and Carbohydrate-Protein Containing Recovery Beverages

Russo, I., Gatta, P. A. D., GARNHAM, A. P., Porter, J. A., Burke, L. M., & Costa, R. J. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.628863 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Nutrition and Training Adaptations in Aquatic Sports

Mujika, I., Stellingwerff, T., & Tipton, K. D. (2014) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0033 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Protein-Based Supplementation to Enhance Recovery in Team Sports: What is the Evidence?

Poulios, A., Georgakouli, K., Draganidis, D., Deli, C. K., Tsimeas, P. D., Chatzinikolaou, A., Παπανικολάου, Κ., Batrakoulis, A., Mohr, M., Jamurtas, A. Z., et al. (2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Protein Availability and Satellite Cell Dynamics in Skeletal Muscle

Shamim, B., Hawley, J. A., & CAMERA, D. M. (2018) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-018-0883-7 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Exercise Preserves Lean Mass and Performance during Severe Energy Deficit: The Role of Exercise Volume and Dietary Protein Content

Calbet, J. A. L., Ponce-González, J. G., Calle-Herrero, J. D. L., Perez-Suarez, I., Martin-Rincon, M., Santana, A., Morales-Alamo, D., & Holmberg, H.-C. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00483 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Leucine-enriched protein feeding does not impair exercise-induced free fatty acid availability and lipid oxidation: beneficial implications for training in carbohydrate-restricted states

Impey, S. G., Smith, D., Robinson, A. L., Owens, D. J., Bartlett, J. D., Smith, K., Limb, M., Tang, J., Fraser, W. D., Close, G. L., et al. (2015) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-014-1876-y · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Low-Carbohydrate Training Increases Protein Requirements of Endurance Athletes

Gillen, J. B., West, D. W. D., Williamson, E., Fung, H. J. W., & Moore, D. R. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002036 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Protein supplementation elicits greater gains in maximal oxygen uptake capacity and stimulates lean mass accretion during prolonged endurance training: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Knuiman, P., van Loon, L. J. C., Wouters, J., Hopman, M. T. E., & Mensink, M. (2019) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqz093 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates do not differ in young men following the ingestion of carbohydrate with milk protein, whey, or micellar casein after concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise

Churchward-Venne, T. A., Pinckaers, P. J., Smeets, J. S., Peeters, W. M., Zorenc, A. H., Schierbeek, H., Rollo, I., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. (2019) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy244 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Protein and the Adaptive Response With Endurance Training: Wishful Thinking or a Competitive Edge?

Knuiman, P., Hopman, M. T. E., Verbruggen, C., & Mensink, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00598 · Cited by 32 · see citing works

Lower Integrated Muscle Protein Synthesis in Masters Compared with Younger Athletes

Doering, T. M., Jenkins, D. G., Reaburn, P. R. J., Borges, N. R., Hohmann, E., & Phillips, S. M. (2016) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000000935 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Protein Nutrition for Endurance Athletes: A Metabolic Focus on Promoting Recovery and Training Adaptation

Witard, O. C., Hearris, M. A., & Morgan, P. T. (2025) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-025-02203-8 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

Protein intake in the early recovery period after exhaustive exercise improves performance the following day

Sollie, O., Jeppesen, P. B., Tangen, D. S., Jernerén, F., Nellemann, B., Valsdottir, T. D., Madsen, K., Turner, C., Refsum, H., Skålhegg, B. S., et al. (2018) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01132.2017 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Age‐related changes in human skeletal muscle transcriptome and proteome are more affected by chronic inflammation and physical inactivity than primary aging

Kurochkina, N. S., Orlova, M. A., Vigovskiy, M. A., Zgoda, V. G., Vepkhvadze, T. F., Vavilov, N. E., Makhnovskii, P. A., Grigorieva, O. A., Boroday, Y. R., Philippov, V. V., et al. (2024) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.14098 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Efficacy and Safety of Whey Protein Supplements on Vital Sign and Physical Performance Among Athletes: A Network Meta-Analysis

Lam, F.-C., Bukhsh, A., Rehman, H., Waqas, M. K., Shahid, N., Khaliel, A. M., Elhanish, A. A. S., Karoud, M., Telb, A., & Khan, T. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00317 · Cited by 28 · see citing works

Late-onset caloric restriction alters skeletal muscle metabolism by modulating pyruvate metabolism

Chen, C.-N. (., Lin, S.-Y., Liao, Y.-H., Li, Z.-J., & Wong, A. M.-K. (2015) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00508.2014 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Optimizing the measurement of mitochondrial protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle

Burd, N. A., Tardif, N., Rooyackers, O., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2014) · Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2014-0211 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Muscle Protein Synthesis Responses Following Aerobic-Based Exercise or High-Intensity Interval Training with or Without Protein Ingestion: A Systematic Review

Bagheri, R., Robinson, I., Moradi, S., Purcell, J., Schwab, E., Silva, T. N., Baker, B., & CAMERA, D. M. (2022) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-022-01707-x · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Pre-sleep Protein Ingestion Increases Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis Rates During Overnight Recovery from Endurance Exercise: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Trommelen, J., van Lieshout, G. A. A., Pabla, P., Nyakayiru, J., Hendriks, F. K., Senden, J. M., Goessens, J. P. B., van Kranenburg, J. M. X., Gijsen, A. P., Verdijk, L. B., et al. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01822-3 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Common questions and misconceptions about protein supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?

António, J., Evans, C., Ferrando, A. A., Stout, J. R., Antonio, B. B., Cintineo, H. P., Harty, P. S., Arent, S. M., Candow, D. G., Forbes, S. C., et al. (2024) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2024.2341903 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Indicator amino acid oxidation protein requirement estimate in endurance-trained men 24 h postexercise exceeds both the EAR and current athlete guidelines

Bandegan, A., Courtney-Martin, G., Rafii, M., Pencharz, P. B., & Lemon, P. W. R. (2019) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00174.2018 · Cited by 26 · see citing works

Nutritional Recommendations for Water Polo

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Effects of protein supplementation on aerobic training-induced gains in cardiopulmonary fitness, muscle mass, and functional performance in chronic stroke: A randomized controlled pilot study

Cheng, Y.-H., Wei, L., Chan, W. P., Hsu, C., Huang, S., Wang, H., & Lin, Y.-N. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.12.013 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

Effects of Timing and Types of Protein Supplementation on Improving Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Adults Undergoing Resistance Training: A Network Meta-Analysis

Zhou, H., Liao, Y., Zhou, X., Peng, Z., Xu, S., Shi, S., Liu, L., Hao, L., & Yang, W. Q. (2023) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0118 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Whey protein supplementation and muscle mass: current perspectives

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The role of amino acids in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise.

Aguirre, N. W., van Loon, L. V., & Baar, K. (2013) · Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop Series · doi:10.1159/000350261 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Protein Supplementation Throughout 10 Weeks of Progressive Run Training Is Not Beneficial for Time Trial Improvement

Roberson, P. A., Romero, M. A., Mumford, P. W., Osburn, S. C., Haun, C. T., Vann, C. G., Kluess, H. A., & Roberts, M. D. (2018) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2018.00097 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Novel Food Supplements Formulated With S pirulina To Meet Athletes’ Needs

de Carvalho, L. F., Moreira, J. B., Oliveira, M. S., & Costa, J. A. V. (2017) · Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology · doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2017160656 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

A time‐efficient reduction of fat mass in 4 days with exercise and caloric restriction

Calbet, J. A. L., Ponce‐González, J. G., Pérez-Suárez, I., Calle-Herrero, J. D. L., & Holmberg, H. (2014) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12194 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

Evaluating the Effects of Increased Protein Intake on Muscle Strength, Hypertrophy and Power Adaptations with Concurrent Training: A Narrative Review

CAMERA, D. M. (2021) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01585-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Branched-chain amino acids administration suppresses endurance exercise-related activation of ubiquitin proteasome signaling in trained human skeletal muscle

Lysenko, E. A., Vepkhvadze, T. F., Lednev, E. M., Виноградова, О. Л., & Викторович, П. Д. (2016) · The Journal of Physiological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s12576-016-0506-8 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Protein Supplementation Does Not Maximize Adaptations to Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training in Sedentary, Healthy Adults: A Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Randomized Study

Reljic, D., Zieseniss, N., Herrmann, H. J., Neurath, M. F., & Zopf, Y. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14193883 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Nutritional Strategies to Modulate the Adaptive Response to Endurance Training

Hawley, J. A. (2013) · Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop series · doi:10.1159/000345813 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Assessing the regulation of skeletal muscle plasticity in response to protein ingestion and resistance exercise

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Optimizing recovery to support multi‐evening cycling competition performance

Richard, N. A., & Koehle, M. S. (2018) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2018.1560506 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Presleep Protein Supplementation Does Not Improve Recovery During Consecutive Days of Intense Endurance Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Larsen, M. S., Clausen, D., Jørgensen, A. A., Mikkelsen, U. R., & Hansen, M. (2019) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0286 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

UCI Sports Nutrition Project: Nutritional Periodization: Strategies to Enhance Training Adaptation and Recovery

Morton, J. P., Hearris, M. A., Fell, M. J., Owens, D. J., Halson, S. L., & Trommelen, J. (2025) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2025-0073 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Whey Protein Isolate Supplementation While Endurance Training Does Not Alter Cycling Performance or Immune Responses at Rest or After Exercise

Forbes, S. C., & Bell, G. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00019 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Supplement with whey protein hydrolysate in contrast to carbohydrate supports mitochondrial adaptations in trained runners

Hansen, M., Oxfeldt, M., Larsen, A. E., Thomsen, L. S., Rokkedal-Lausch, T., Christensen, B., Rittig, N., De Paoli, F. V., Bangsbo, J., Ørtenblad, N., et al. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00376-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Whey Protein Supplementation Combined with Exercise on Muscle Protein Synthesis and the AKT/mTOR Pathway in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Ji, X., Ye, X., Ji, S., Zhang, S., Wang, Y., Zhou, Z., Xiang, D., & Luo, B. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17162579 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Consuming Whey Protein with Added Essential Amino Acids, Not Carbohydrate, Maintains Postexercise Anabolism While Underfed

GWIN, J. A., CHURCH, D. D., ALLEN, J. T., WILSON, M. A., CARRIGAN, C. T., MURPHY, N. E., VARANOSKE, A. N., MARGOLIS, L. M., WOLFE, R. R., FERRANDO, A. A., et al. (2025) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003541 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Lactose-free milk prolonged endurance capacity in lactose intolerant Asian males

Sudsa-ard, K., Kijboonchoo, K., Chavasit, V., chaunchaiyakul, R. C., Nio, A. Q. X., & LEE, J. K. W. (2014) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-014-0049-4 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Skeletal muscle amino acid transporter and BCAT2 expression prior to and following interval running or resistance exercise in mode-specific trained males

Roberson, P. A., Haun, C. T., Mobley, C. B., Romero, M. A., Mumford, P. W., Martin, J. S., & Roberts, M. D. (2018) · Amino Acids · doi:10.1007/s00726-018-2570-2 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Six Weeks of Aerobic Exercise in Untrained Men With Overweight/Obesity Improved Training Adaptations, Performance and Body Composition Independent of Oat/Potato or Milk Based Protein-Carbohydrate Drink Supplementation

Pettersson, S., Edin, F., Hjelte, C., Scheinost, D., Wagner, S., Ekblom, B. T., Jessen, N., Madsen, K., & Andersson-Hall, U. K. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.617344 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Early resistance training‐mediated stimulation of daily muscle protein synthetic responses to higher habitual protein intake in middle‐aged adults

Salvador, A. F., McKenna, C. F., Paulussen, K. J. M., Keeble, A. R., Askow, A. T., Fang, H., Li, Z., ULANOV, A. V., Paluska, S. A., Moore, D. R., et al. (2021) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp281907 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Considerations for Protein Supplementation in Warfighters

Phillips, S. M. (2013) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.113.176545 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Whey Protein Augments Leucinemia and Postexercise p70S6K1 Activity Compared With a Hydrolyzed Collagen Blend When in Recovery From Training With Low Carbohydrate Availability

Impey, S. G., Hammond, K. M., Naughton, R. J., Langan‐Evans, C., Shepherd, S. O., Sharples, A. P., Cegielski, J., Smith, K., Jeromson, S., Hamilton, D. L., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0054 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Acute physiological responses and performance following subsequent CrossFit ‘CINDY’ workout with Zea Mays juice

Ahmad, A., Jusoh, N. B., & Tengah, R. Y. (2018) · Physical Education of Students · doi:10.15561/20755279.2019.0201 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Protein ingestion after endurance exercise: the ‘evolving’ needs of the mitochondria?

Moore, D. R., & Stellingwerff, T. (2012) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2011.224188 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Sports and Exercise Supplements

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Protein Supplementation for Military Personnel: A Review of the Mechanisms and Performance Outcomes

McLellan, T. M. (2013) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.3945/jn.113.176313 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

One size doesn’t fit all: postexercise protein requirements for the endurance athlete

Moore, D. R. (2020) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa144 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Co-ingestion of carbohydrate and whey protein increases fasted rates of muscle protein synthesis immediately after resistance exercise in rats

Wang, W., Ding, Z., Solares, G. J., Choi, S.-M., Wang, B., Yoon, A., Farrar, R. P., & Ivy, J. L. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173809 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Myofibrillar and mitochondrial protein synthesis rates do not differ in young men following the ingestion of carbohydrate with milk protein, whey, or micellar casein after concurrent resistance-and endurance-type exercise

Churchward-Venne, T. A., Pinckaers, P. J., Smeets, J. S., Peeters, W. M., Zorenc, A. H., Schierbeek, H., Rollo, I., Verdijk, L. B., & van Loon, L. J. (2019) · The Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxy244 · Cited by 31 · see citing works

Co-Ingestion of Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Carbohydrate Stimulates Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Following Resistance Exercise in Trained Young Men

Jackman, S. R., Wallis, G. A., Yu, J., Philp, A., Baar, K., Tipton, K. D., & Witard, O. C. (2023) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0015 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Impact of protein coingestion on muscle protein synthesis during continuous endurance type exercise

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Protein-carbohydrate Ingestion Does Not Alter Selected Markers Of Skeletal Muscle Metabolism During Exercise In Trained Cyclists

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