No Benefit of Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester Supplement on 10-km Running Performance

EVANS, MARK; MCSWINEY, FIONN T.; BRADY, AIDAN J.; EGAN, BRENDAN

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002065

Cited by 82Muscle metabolism and nutritionDiet and metabolism studiesSports Performance and Training

No Benefit of Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester Supplement on 10-km Running Performance

EVANS, MARK, MCSWINEY, FIONN T., BRADY, AIDAN J., EGAN, BRENDAN·2019·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

DOI 10.1249/mss.0000000000002065

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Abstract

PURPOSE: Preexercise ingestion of exogenous ketones alters the metabolic response to exercise, but effects on exercise performance have been equivocal. METHODS: On two occasions in a double-blind, randomized crossover design, eight endurance-trained runners performed 1 h of submaximal exercise at approximately 65% V˙O2max immediately followed by a 10-km self-paced time trial (TT) on a motorized treadmill. An 8% carbohydrate-electrolyte solution was consumed before and during exercise, either alone (CHO + PLA), or with 573 mg·kg of a ketone monoester supplement (CHO + KME). Expired air, HR, and RPE were monitored during submaximal exercise. Serial venous blood samples were assayed for plasma glucose, lactate, and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. RESULTS: CHO + KME produced plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations of approximately 1.0 to 1.3 mM during exercise (P < 0.001), but plasma glucose and lactate concentrations were similar during exercise in both trials. V˙O2, running economy, respiratory exchange ratio, HR, and RPE were also similar between trials. Performance in the 10-km TT was not different (P = 0.483) between CHO + KME (mean, 2402 s; 95% confidence interval, 2204-2600 s) and CHO + PLA (mean, 2422 s; 95% confidence interval, 2217-2628 s). Cognitive performance, measured by reaction time and a multitasking test, did not differ between trials. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with carbohydrate alone, coingestion of KME by endurance-trained athletes elevated plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations, but did not improve 10-km running TT or cognitive performance.

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Supplementation with exogenous ketone products to achieve similarly high levels has been shown to alter metabolism and enhance performance in one study, although this has been a singular finding.
“For example, supplementation with exogenous ketone products to achieve similarly high levels has been shown to alter metabolism and enhance performance in one study [76], although this has been a singular fining [77–80].”
From Crisis of confidence averted: impairment of exercise economy and performance in elite race walkers by ketogenic low carbohydrate, high fat (LCHF) diet is reproducible (2020) · cites this paper as [80]

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Acute Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester without Co-ingestion of Carbohydrate Improves Running Economy in Male Endurance Runners
Brady, A. J., & Egan, B. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003278 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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A Ketone Monoester with Carbohydrate Improves Cognitive Measures Postexercise, but Not Performance in Trained Females
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The Effects of 31-Day Exogenous Ketone Consumption on Running Performance, Cognitive Function, Metabolism, Body Composition, Hemodynamics, and Mood in Recreational Runners: A Randomized-Control Trial
Prins, P., Buga, A., Storoschuk, K. L., Buxton, J. D., Jenkins, A. K., Eklund, C. S., Dacey, V. C., Belitz, S. E., Sullivan, R. J., Gerhart, H. D., et al. (2026) · Journal of the American Nutrition Association · doi:10.1080/27697061.2026.2636551 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Authors: EVANS, M., MCSWINEY, F. T., BRADY, A. J., & EGAN, B.
Affiliations: Dublin City University (IE)
Waterford Institute of Technology (IE)
ORCID: MCSWINEY, FIONN T.
BRADY, AIDAN J.
EGAN, BRENDAN
Venue: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2019-06-14
Volume: 51
Issue: 12
Pages: 2506-2515
ISSN: 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
1530-0315
DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002065
OpenAlex: W2950312087
Cited by: 82
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 4
FWCI: 5.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords: ketone monoester, exogenous ketones, endurance-trained runners, beta-hydroxybutyrate, carbohydrate-electrolyte solution, submaximal exercise, running economy, cognitive performance, reaction time, time trial
MeSH terms: Adult, Beverages, Blood Glucose, Dietary Carbohydrates, Double-Blind Method, Electrolytes, Exercise Test, Female, Humans, Ketones, Male, Physical Endurance, Running, Cross-Over Studies, Lactic Acid, Dietary Supplements, 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid

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No Benefit of Ingestion of a Ketone Monoester Supplement on 10-km Running Performance

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