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Effects of 150- and 450-mL Acute Blood Losses on Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Exercise Capacity

SKATTEBO, ØYVIND, JOHANSEN, ESPEN SPRO, CAPELLI, CARLO, HALLÉN, JOSTEIN·2021·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
DOI 10.1249/mss.0000000000002618
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Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated whether maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O 2max ) and exercise capacity are affected by small acute blood loss (150 mL) and elucidated compensatory mechanisms. Methods: Thirteen male subjects (V˙O 2max , 63 ± 9 mL·kg −1 ·min −1 ; mean ± SD) performed incremental exercise to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer in three experimental conditions: in euvolemia (control; blood volume [BV], 6.0 ± 0.7 L) and immediately after acute BV reductions of 150 mL (BVR 150mL ) and 450 mL (BVR 450mL ). Changes in plasma volume (PV) and BV during exercise were calculated from hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, and hemoglobin mass (carbon monoxide rebreathing). Results: The reduction in V˙O 2max per milliliter of BVR was 2.5-fold larger after BVR 450mL compared with BVR 150mL (−0.7 ± 0.3 vs −0.3 ± 0.6 mL·min −1 ·mL −1 , P = 0.029). V˙O 2max was not significantly changed after BVR 150mL (−1% ± 2%, P = 0.124) but reduced by 7% ± 3% after BVR 450mL ( P < 0.001) compared with control. Peak power output only decreased after BVR 450mL ( P < 0.001). At maximal exercise, BV was restored after BVR 150mL compared with control (−50 ± 185 mL, P = 0.375) attributed to PV restoration, which was, however, insufficient in restoring BV after BVR 450mL (−281 ± 184 mL, P < 0.001). The peak heart rate tended to increase (3 ± 5 bpm, P = 0.062), whereas the O 2 pulse (−2 ± 1 mL per beat, P < 0.001) and vastus lateralis tissue oxygenation index (−4% ± 8% points, P = 0.080) were reduced after BVR 450mL , suggesting decreased stroke volume and increased leg O 2 extraction. Conclusion: The deteriorations of V˙O 2max and of maximal exercise capacity accelerate with the magnitude of acute blood loss, likely because of a rapid PV restoration sufficient to establish euvolemia after a small but not after a moderate blood loss.

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Metadata

Authors
SKATTEBO, Ø., JOHANSEN, E. S., CAPELLI, C., & HALLÉN, J.
Venue
Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2021-02-08
Volume
53
Issue
8
Pages
1729-1738
ISSN
  • 1530-0315
  • 0195-9131
DOI
10.1249/mss.0000000000002618
Cited by
17
References
3
Language
en

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Effects of 150- and 450-mL Acute Blood Losses on Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Exercise Capacity. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1249/mss.0000000000002618
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SKATTEBO, Ø., JOHANSEN, E. S., CAPELLI, C., & HALLÉN, J. (2021). Effects of 150- and 450-mL Acute Blood Losses on Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Exercise Capacity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0000000000002618

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