The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Information Design: A Unified Perspective
Abstract
Given a game with uncertain payoffs, information design analyzes the extent to which the provision of information alone can influence the behavior of the players. Information design has a literal interpretation, under which there is a real information designer who can commit to the choice of the best information structure (from her perspective) for a set of participants in a game. We emphasize a metaphorical interpretation, under which the information design problem is used by the analyst to characterize play in the game under many different information structures. We provide an introduction to the basic issues and insights of a rapidly growing literature in information design. We show how the literal and metaphorical interpretations of information design unify a large body of existing work, including that on communication in games (Myerson 1991), Bayesian persuasion (Kamenica and Gentzkow 2011), and some of our own recent work on robust predictions in games of incomplete information. ( JEL C70, D82, D83)
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Cites
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Expectations and the neutrality of money
Lucas, R. E. (1972) · Journal of Economic Theory · doi:10.1016/0022-0531(72)90142-1 · Cited by 4,740
A Theory of Auctions and Competitive Bidding
Milgrom, P. R., & Weber, R. J. (1982) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1911865 · Cited by 3,753
Efficient mechanisms for bilateral trading
Myerson, R. B., & Satterthwaite, M. A. (1983) · Journal of Economic Theory · doi:10.1016/0022-0531(83)90048-0 · Cited by 2,504
Kamenica, E., & Gentzkow, M. (2011) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.101.6.2590 · Cited by 1,903
Subjectivity and Correlation in Randomized Strategies
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Correlated Equilibrium as an Expression of Bayesian Rationality
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Nash Equilibrium and Welfare Optimality
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Optimal coordination mechanisms in generalized principal–agent problems
Myerson, R. B. (1982) · Journal of Mathematical Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-4068(82)90006-4 · Cited by 912
Cited by
Bayesian Persuasion and Information Design
Kamenica, E. (2019) · Annual Review of Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-economics-080218-025739 · Cited by 404
Combining Human Expertise with Artificial Intelligence: Experimental Evidence from Radiology
Agarwal, N., Moehring, A., Rajpurkar, P., & Salz, T. (2023) · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4505053 · Cited by 161
Multi-Agent Risks from Advanced AI
Hammond, L., Chan, A., Clifton, J., Hoelscher-Obermaier, J., Khan, A., McLean, E., Smith, C., Barfuss, W., Foerster, J., Gavenčiak, T., et al. (2025) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2502.14143 · Cited by 305
Algorithmic monoculture and social welfare
(2023) · The Societal Impacts of Algorithmic Decision-Making · doi:10.1145/3603195.3603202
Metadata
- Authors
- Bergemann, D., & Morris, S.
- Venue
- Journal of Economic Literature
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2019-03-01
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 44-95
- ISSN
- 0022-0515 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3121860146
- Cited by
- 527
- References
- 44
- FWCI
- 34.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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