Instrumental Variables and the Search for Identification: From Supply and Demand to Natural Experiments

American economic review

Filders, R. (1992) · International Journal of Forecasting · doi:10.1016/0169-2070(92)90130-2 · Cited by 16,765

Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach

Wooldridge, J. M. (1999) · Cited by 14,354

Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies

Rubin, D. B. (1974) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0037350 · Cited by 9,436

Journal of Economic Literature

Durlauf, S. N. (2019) · AEA Papers and Proceedings · doi:10.1257/pandp.109.633 · Cited by 7,666

Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments

Staiger, D., & Stock, J. H. (1997) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2171753 · Cited by 7,081

Instrumental Variables Regression with Weak Instruments

Staiger, D., & Stock, J. (1994) · doi:10.3386/t0151 · Cited by 5,302

Statistics and Causal Inference

Holland, P. W. (1986) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1986.10478354 · Cited by 5,293

American Economic Review

Moffitt, R. (2009) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.99.2.660 · Cited by 4,888

Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables

Angrist, J. D., Imbens, G. W., & Rubin, D. B. (1996) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1996.10476902 · Cited by 4,230

Identification and estimation of local average treatment effects

Imbens, G. W., & Angrist, J. D. (1994) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/2951620 · Cited by 4,101

Knowledge Spillover and Spatial Innovation Growth: Evidence from China’s Yangtze River Delta

Dai, X., Tang, J., Huang, Q., & Cui, W. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su151914370 · Cited by 22

To Float or not to Float? Currency Regimes and Growth

Miles, W. R. (2006) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 22

Increasing organ donation via anticipated regret (INORDAR): protocol for a randomised controlled trial

O’Carroll, R. E., Ferguson, E., Hayes, P. C., & Shepherd, L. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-169 · Cited by 22

Cannabis Use and Antisocial Behavior among Youth

Popovici, I., French, M. T., Pacula, R. L., Maclean, J. C., & Antonaccio, O. (2014) · Sociological Inquiry · doi:10.1111/soin.12027 · Cited by 22

Regulation and competition in the Taiwanese pharmaceutical market under national health insurance

Liu, Y., Yang, Y. K., & Hsieh, C. (2012) · Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2012.03.003 · Cited by 22

The costs of hazardous alcohol consumption in Germany

Effertz, T., Verheyen, F., & Linder, R. (2016) · The European Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1007/s10198-016-0822-1 · Cited by 22

The effect of education on teenage fertility: causal evidence for Argentina

Alzúa, M., & Velázquez, C. (2017) · IZA Journal of Development and Migration · doi:10.1186/s40176-017-0100-8 · Cited by 17

Diversification, industry structure, and firm strategy: An organizational economics perspective

Klein, P. G., & Lien, L. B. (2009) · Advances in strategic management · doi:10.1108/s0742-3322(2009)0000026013 · Cited by 22

Estimating the Effect of Treatment Rate Changes When Treatment Benefits Are Heterogeneous: Antibiotics and Otitis Media

Park, T.-R., Brooks, J. M., Chrischilles, E. A., & BERGUS, G. R. (2007) · Value in Health · doi:10.1111/j.1524-4733.2007.00234.x · Cited by 22

Consequences of Unwanted Childbearing: A Study of Child Outcomes in Bangladesh

Chalasani, S., Casterline, J. B., & Koenig, M. (2007) · Cited by 22

The Effect of Competition on Executive Compensation and Incentives

Fernandes, A. P., Ferreira, P., & Winters, L. A. (2017) · The Journal of Human Resources · doi:10.3368/jhr.53.3.0215-6963r1 · Cited by 22

Seasonal Migration and Agriculture in VietnamPreprint

de Brauw, A. (2007) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1039561 · Cited by 22

Age at Preschool Entrance and Noncognitive Skills before School - An Instrumental Variable ApproachPreprint

Schlotter, M. (2011) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 23

Does Job Insecurity Deteriorate Health? A Causal Approach for EuropePreprint

Caroli, È., & Godard, M. (2014) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2465334 · Cited by 26

Safer Ratios, Riskier Portfolios: Banks’ Response to Government AidPreprint

Duchin, R., & Sosyura, D. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2164072 · Cited by 19

Navigating Environmental Threats to New Ventures: A Regulatory Fit Approach to Bricolage

Adomako, S., Zhu, F., Hsu, D. K., Istipliler, B., & Wiklund, J. (2024) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/joms.13115 · Cited by 21

Ownership with a green twist: the role of top managers in driving environmental innovation

Yue, S., Bajuri, N. H., Khatib, S. F. A., & Alshareef, M. N. (2025) · China Finance Review International · doi:10.1108/cfri-03-2024-0121 · Cited by 21

Are All Generic Drugs Created Equal? An Empirical Analysis of Generic Drug Manufacturing Location and Serious Drug Adverse Events

Noh, I. J., Gray, J., Ball, G. P., Wright, Z., & Parks, H. (2025) · Production and Operations Management · doi:10.1177/10591478251319691 · Cited by 22

Does Sexual Orientation Precede Childhood Sexual Abuse? Childhood Gender Nonconformity as a Risk Factor and Instrumental Variable Analysis

Xu, Y., & Zheng, Y. (2015) · Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1177/1079063215618378 · Cited by 27

DOES RELIGIOSITY AFFECT SUPPORT FOR POLITICAL COMPROMISE?: RELIGIOSITY AND POLITICAL COMPROMISE

Cohen-Zada, D., Margalit, Y., & Rigbi, O. (2016) · International Economic Review · doi:10.1111/iere.12186 · Cited by 11

Schooling returns for migrant workers in China: Estimations from the perspective of the institutional environment in a rural setting

Yao, Y., Chen, G., Salim, R. A., & Yu, X. (2017) · China Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2017.09.008 · Cited by 21

The effects of publicly supported environmental innovations on firm growth in the European Union

Flachenecker, F., Kornejew, M., & Janiri, M. L. (2022) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133429 · Cited by 21

Climate variability, innovation and firm performance: evidence from the European agricultural sector

Auci, S., Barbieri, N., Coromaldi, M., & Michetti, M. (2021) · European Review of Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1093/erae/jbab039 · Cited by 21

Incentives and Stars: Competition in Innovation Contests with Participant and Submission Visibility

Bockstedt, J. C., Druehl, C. T., & Mishra, A. (2021) · Production and Operations Management · doi:10.1111/poms.13619 · Cited by 21

Heterogeneous causal effects with imperfect compliance: A Bayesian machine learning approach

Bargagli-Stoffi, F. J., Witte, K. D., & Gnecco, G. (2022) · The Annals of Applied Statistics · doi:10.1214/21-aoas1579 · Cited by 21

Does external assurance stimulate higher CSR performance in subsequent periods? The moderating effect of governance and firm visibility

Uyar, A., Elmassri, M. M., Kuzey, C., & Karaman, A. S. (2022) · Corporate Governance · doi:10.1108/cg-04-2022-0188 · Cited by 24

Reconsidering the Economics of Demand Analysis with Kinked Budget Constraints

Strong, A., & Smith, V. K. (2008) · Land Economics · doi:10.3368/le.86.1.173 · Cited by 21

Education and entrepreneurship in Canada: evidence from (repeated) cross-sectional data

Masakure, O. (2014) · Education Economics · doi:10.1080/09645292.2014.891003 · Cited by 23

Labour mobility and local employment: building a local employment base from labour mobility?

Naveed, A., Javakhishvili‐Larsen, N., & Schmidt, T. D. (2016) · Regional Studies · doi:10.1080/00343404.2016.1223284 · Cited by 21

Pathways to democratization in personalist dictatorships

Frantz, E., & Kendall-Taylor, A. (2016) · Democratization · doi:10.1080/13510347.2015.1131977 · Cited by 21

Do institutional factors influence cross-border portfolio equity flows? New evidence from emerging markets

Alderighi, S., Cleary, S., & Varanasi, P. (2019) · Journal of International Money and Finance · doi:10.1016/j.jimonfin.2019.102070 · Cited by 21

Getting policy-makers to listen to field experiments

Dolan, P., & Galizzi, M. M. (2014) · Oxford Review of Economic Policy · doi:10.1093/oxrep/gru035 · Cited by 22

Learning-by-Exporting? Firm-Level Evidence for UK Manufacturing and Services SectorsPreprint

HARRIS, R. I. D., & Li, Q. C. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 21

Environmental regulation and green innovation: The moderating roles of green finance and executive green perception

Ma, L., & Zhuo, S. (2026) · Journal of Innovation & Knowledge · doi:10.1016/j.jik.2026.100954 · Cited by 20

Evidence of adaptive intergenerational sex ratio adjustment in contemporary human populations

Song, S. (2013) · Theoretical Population Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2013.10.006 · Cited by 20

Real option, idiosyncratic risk, and corporate investment: Evidence from Taiwan family firms

Chen, I.-J., & Wang, D. K. (2018) · Pacific-Basin Finance Journal · doi:10.1016/j.pacfin.2018.05.011 · Cited by 20

Do weather extremes induce people to move? Evidence from Vietnam

Nguyen, C. V. (2020) · Economic Analysis and Policy · doi:10.1016/j.eap.2020.11.009 · Cited by 20

The Effect of Perceived Threats and Response Efficacy on Adaptation to Smog: An Instrumental Variables Design

Mehiriz, K., & Gosselin, P. (2021) · Risk Analysis · doi:10.1111/risa.13814 · Cited by 20

Prices, specialty varieties, and postharvest practices: Insights from cacao value chains in Ecuador

Villacis, A. H., Alwang, J., Barrera, V. H., & Dominguez, J. (2022) · Agribusiness · doi:10.1002/agr.21730 · Cited by 23

Do shareholders appreciate the audit committee and auditor moderation? Evidence from sustainability reporting

Kuzey, C., Elbardan, H., Uyar, A., & Karaman, A. S. (2023) · International Journal of Accounting and Information Management · doi:10.1108/ijaim-02-2023-0033 · Cited by 20

The Double-Edged Sword of Exemplar Similarity

Majzoubi, M., Zhao, E. Y., Žužul, T., & Fisher, G. (2024) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.2022.16855 · Cited by 20

SELF‐PERCEIVED JOB INSECURITY AND THE DEMAND FOR MEDICAL REHABILITATION: DOES FEAR OF UNEMPLOYMENT REDUCE HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION?

Reichert, A. R., Augurzky, B., & Tauchmann, H. (2013) · Health Economics · doi:10.1002/hec.2995 · Cited by 20

Very Low Birth Weight Hospital Volume and Mortality

Wehby, G. L., Ullrich, F. A., & Xie, Y. Y. (2012) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e31824e32cf · Cited by 20

Do health economic evaluations using observational data provide reliable assessment of treatment effects?

Rovithis, D. (2013) · Health Economics Review · doi:10.1186/2191-1991-3-21 · Cited by 20

The impact of energy audits on energy efficiency investment of public owners. Evidence from Italy

Barbetta, G., Canino, P., & Cima, S. (2015) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2015.09.117 · Cited by 20

Income Structure and Bank Business Models: Evidence on Performance and Stability from the German Banking Industry

Busch, R., & Kick, T. K. (2015) · Schmalenbach Business Review · doi:10.1007/bf03396875 · Cited by 20

Association of Bundled Payments for Joint Replacement Surgery and Patient Outcomes With Simultaneous Hospital Participation in Accountable Care Organizations

Liao, J. M., Emanuel, E., Venkataramani, A. S., Huang, Q. E., Dinh, C. T., Shan, E. Z., Wang, E., Zhu, J., Cousins, D. S., & Navathe, A. S. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.12270 · Cited by 21

Efficiency, diversification, and performance of US banks

Khan, A. N. F., Hassan, M. K., Maroney, N. C., Boujlil, R., & Özkan, B. (2020) · International Review of Economics & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.iref.2019.12.010 · Cited by 20

The spillover effect of direct competition between marketing cooperatives and private intermediaries: Evidence from the Thai rice value chain

Kumse, K., Suzuki, N., Sato, T., & Demont, M. (2021) · Food Policy · doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2021.102051 · Cited by 20

Natural Endowments, Production Technologies and the Quality of Wines in Bordeaux. Does Terroir Matter?

Gergaud, O., & Ginsburgh, V. A. (2010) · Journal of Wine Economics · doi:10.1017/s1931436100001346 · Cited by 20

Vertical coordination, access to capital, and producer loyalty in the Polish dairy sector

Fałkowski, J. (2011) · Agricultural Economics · doi:10.1111/j.1574-0862.2011.00573.x · Cited by 20

Skilled Immigration and Wages in Australia*

Islam, A., & Fausten, D. (2008) · Economic Record · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4932.2008.00485.x · Cited by 20

Regional Differences in Mortgage Demand and Mortgage Instrument Choice in the UK

Koblyakova, A., Hutchison, N. E., & Tiwari, P. (2013) · Regional Studies · doi:10.1080/00343404.2012.750426 · Cited by 20

The monetary value of the demonstration effect of professional sports

Mutter, F., & Pawlowski, T. (2014) · European Sport Management Quarterly · doi:10.1080/16184742.2014.882369 · Cited by 23

How Parental Involvement Affects Childhood Behavioral Outcomes

Neymotin, F. (2014) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1007/s10834-013-9383-y · Cited by 20

An Introduction to Instrumental Variables Analysis: Part 1

Bennett, D. (2010) · Neuroepidemiology · doi:10.1159/000319455 · Cited by 20

Schooling's contribution to social capital: study from a native Amazonian society in Bolivia

Godoy, R., Seyfried, C. F., Reyes‐García, V., Huanca, T., Leonard, W. R., McDade, T. W., Tanner, S. N., & Vadez, V. (2007) · Comparative Education · doi:10.1080/03050060601162677 · Cited by 20

The Effects of Syndicate Structure on Loan Spreads

Ivashina, V. (2005) · Cited by 20

Avoiding the “too comfortable in the saddle” syndrome: Obtaining high performance from the chairperson, CEO and inside directors

O’Shannassy, T., & Leenders, M. A. A. M. (2016) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.05.011 · Cited by 20

Slum improvement in India: determinants and approaches

De, I. (2017) · Housing Studies · doi:10.1080/02673037.2017.1291915 · Cited by 21

Measuring the main determinants of tourism flows to the Canary Islands from mainland Spain

Gundelfinger, J., & Coto‐Millán, P. (2018) · Journal of Air Transport Management · doi:10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.05.002 · Cited by 20

The role of random assignment in social policy research

Nathan, R. P. (2008) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.1002/pam.20330 · Cited by 20

Does Television Cause Autism?Preprint

Waldman, M., Nicholson, S., & Adilov, N. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.989648 · Cited by 20

Income Diversification in the German Banking IndustryPreprint

Kick, T. K., & Busch, R. (2009) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1342282 · Cited by 20

Estimating Network Effects Using Naturally Occurring Peer Notification Queue CounterfactualsPreprint

Tutterow, C., & Saint-Jacques, G. (2019) · arXiv.org · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1902.07133 · Cited by 21

Randomised trials in economics

Muller, S. (2021) · Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks · doi:10.4337/9781788974462.00010 · Cited by 19

The impact mechanism of geopolitical risks on ESG performance: The moderating effects of investor attention and government subsidies

Cheng, P., Wang, M., Li, K., Choi, B., & Chen, W. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0311659 · Cited by 19

Does R&D spending boost tangible investment? An analysis on European firms

Carboni, O. A., & Medda, G. (2019) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2018.1564119 · Cited by 19

Value of playgrounds relative to green spaces: Matching evidence from property prices in Australia

Breunig, R. V., Hasan, S. A., & Whiteoak, K. (2019) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.103608 · Cited by 19

Electricity price and residential electricity demand in Vietnam

Phu, L. V. (2020) · Environmental Economics and Policy Studies · doi:10.1007/s10018-020-00267-6 · Cited by 19

International Remittances as a Driver of Domestic Tourism Expenditure: Evidence from Mexico

Mora‐Rivera, J., & García‐Mora, F. (2020) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/0047287520962222 · Cited by 19

Beyond Gini: Income Distribution and Economic Development

Dutt, P., & Tsetlin, I. (2015) · Economics and Politics · doi:10.1111/ecpo.12157 · Cited by 23

Effect of corporal punishment on young children’s educational outcomes

Maiti, A. (2021) · Education Economics · doi:10.1080/09645292.2021.1901073 · Cited by 19

Reduced water collection time improves learning achievement among primary school children in India

Hamlet, L. C., Chakrabarti, S., & Kaminsky, J. (2021) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2021.117527 · Cited by 21

The impacts of restricting housing supply on house prices and affordability: final report

Hilber, C. A. L., & Vermeulen, W. (2010) · Cited by 19

Components of therapy as mechanisms of change in cognitive therapy for people at risk of psychosis: Analysis of the EDIE-2 trial

Flach, C., French, P., Dunn, G., Fowler, D. G., Gumley, A. I., Birchwood, M. J., Stewart, S., & Morrison, A. P. (2015) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.114.153320 · Cited by 19

Assessing Student Achievement in Large-Scale Educational Programs Using Hierarchical Propensity Scores

Vaughan, A. L., Lalonde, T. L., & Jenkins‐Guarnieri, M. A. (2014) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s11162-014-9329-8 · Cited by 19

Labor Standards, Labor Endowments, and the Evolution of Inequality

Christensen, D., & Wibbels, E. (2014) · International Studies Quarterly · doi:10.1111/isqu.12066 · Cited by 22

The incentive effects of property taxation: Evidence from Norwegian school districts

Fiva, J. H., & Rønning, M. (2007) · Regional Science and Urban Economics · doi:10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2007.08.008 · Cited by 19

How control system information characteristics affect exporter–intermediary relationship quality

Elorza, M. L. V., Sánchez, J. M., Flórez‐López, R., & Álvarez‐Dardet, C. (2015) · International Business Review · doi:10.1016/j.ibusrev.2015.02.008 · Cited by 25

STRATEGIES TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE AND FARM PRODUCTIVITY IN THE NILE BASIN OF ETHIOPIA

Falco, S. D., Köhlin, G., & Yesuf, M. (2012) · Climate Change Economics · doi:10.1142/s2010007812500091 · Cited by 19

A cross‐section analysis of financial market integration in North America using a four factor model

Beaulieu, M., Gagnon, M., & Khalaf, L. (2009) · International Journal of Managerial Finance · doi:10.1108/17439130910969710 · Cited by 19

The Legacy of Dictatorship for Democratic Parties in Latin America

Frantz, E., & Geddes, B. (2016) · Journal of Politics in Latin America · doi:10.1177/1866802x1600800101 · Cited by 19

Supply and demand-side determinants of productivity growth in Italian regions

Millemaci, E., & Ofria, F. (2016) · Structural Change and Economic Dynamics · doi:10.1016/j.strueco.2016.04.001 · Cited by 19

Modelling household travel energy consumption and CO2 emissions based on the spatial form of neighborhoods and streets: A case study of Jinan, China

Jiang, Y., Gu, P., Chen, Y., He, D., & Mao, Q. (2017) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.03.005 · Cited by 19

Access to affordable daycare and women’s economic opportunities: evidence from a cluster-randomised intervention in India

Nandi, A., Agarwal, P., Chandrashekar, A., & Harper, S. B. (2020) · Journal of Development Effectiveness · doi:10.1080/19439342.2020.1773898 · Cited by 21

Instrumental Variables: Conceptual Issues and an Application Considering High School Course Taking

Bielby, R. M., House, E., Flaster, A., & DesJardins, S. L. (2013) · Higher education · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5836-0_6 · Cited by 19

Union Membership and Job‐Related Training: Incidence, Transferability, and Efficacy

Waddoups, C. J. (2013) · British Journal of Industrial Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8543.2012.00909.x · Cited by 19

The link between institutions, technical change and macroeconomic volatility

Tang, S. H. K., Nicolaas Groenewold, A., & Leung, C. K. Y. (2008) · Journal of Macroeconomics · doi:10.1016/j.jmacro.2008.02.002 · Cited by 19

Children’s health benefits of reducing environmental tobacco smoke exposure: evidence from parents who smoke

Agee, M. D., & Crocker, T. D. (2006) · Empirical Economics · doi:10.1007/s00181-006-0079-0 · Cited by 19

Human Capital Externalities in Western Germany

Heuermann, D. F. (2011) · Spatial Economic Analysis · doi:10.1080/17421772.2011.557775 · Cited by 19

Education policy reform, local average treatment effect and returns to schooling from instrumental variables in the Philippines

Sakellariou, C. N. (2006) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036840500367864 · Cited by 19

Are State Elections Affected by the National Economy? Evidence from Australia*

Leigh, A., & McLeish, M. (2009) · Economic Record · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4932.2009.00549.x · Cited by 19

Is higher nursing home quality more costly?

Giorgio, L. D., Filippini, M., & Masiero, G. (2015) · The European Journal of Health Economics · doi:10.1007/s10198-015-0743-4 · Cited by 23

Evolution of the Infant Health Production Function

Corman, H., Dave, D., & Reichman, N. E. (2018) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.1002/soej.12279 · Cited by 19

Governance Problems in Close Corporations

Nagar, V., Petroni, K. R., & Wolfenzon, D. (2008) · Faculty Digital Archive (New York University Florence) · Cited by 19

The Causes Of Civil War

Djankov, S., & Reynal‐Querol, M. (2007) · World Bank, Washington, DC eBooks · doi:10.1596/1813-9450-4254 · Cited by 20

Economic Growth and Political SurvivalPreprint

Burke, P. J. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1845464 · Cited by 19

Do Black Politicians Matter?

Logan, T. D. (2018) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w24190 · Cited by 19

Evaluating the Impacts of Local Economic Development Policies on Local Economic Outcomes: What Has Been Done and What is Doable?Preprint

Bartik, T. J. (2003) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.369303 · Cited by 19

Journal of Economic Perspectives—Volume 15, Number 4—Fall 2001—Pages 69–85 Instrumental Variables and the Search for Identification: From Supply and Demand to Natural Experiments

Angrist, J. D., & Krueger, A. B. (2013)

Instrumental Variables in Statistics and Econometrics

Stock, J. H. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/00448-4 · Cited by 33

Reading and conducting instrumental variable studies: guide, glossary, and checklist

Walker, V. M., Sanderson, E. C. M., Levin, M. G., Damraurer, S. M., Feeney, T., & Davies, N. M. (2024) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-078093 · Cited by 31

Instrumental Variables: An Econometrician's Perspective

Imbens, G. W. (2014) · Statistical Science · doi:10.1214/14-sts480 · Cited by 212

Instrumental Variables in Criminology and Criminal Justice

Bushway, S. D., & Apel, R. J. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-77650-7_29 · Cited by 71