The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dual AO/EB Staining to Detect Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells Compared with Flow Cytometry
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining to detect tumor cell apoptosis. According to apoptosis-associated changes of cell membranes during the process of apoptosis, a clear distinction is made between normal cells, early and late apoptotic cells, and necrotic cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We cultured human osteosarcoma cells with 30, 60, and 120 µg/ml kappa-selenocarrageenan. To assess the rates of cell proliferation and apoptosis, cells were fluorescently stained with acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) or stained with propidium iodide (PI) and analyzed by flow cytometry. All experiments were repeated at least 3 times. RESULTS: Normal tumor cells, early and late apoptotic cells, and necrotic cells were examined using fluorescent microscopy. Early-stage apoptotic cells were marked by crescent-shaped or granular yellow-green acridine orange nuclear staining. Late-stage apoptotic cells were marked with concentrated and asymmetrically localized orange nuclear ethidium bromide staining. Necrotic cells increased in volume and showed uneven orange-red fluorescence at their periphery. Cells appeared to be in the process of disintegrating. The percentage of apoptotic osteosarcoma cells detected by dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining was not significantly different from that detected using flow cytometry (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining is an economic and convenient method to detect apoptosis in tumor cells and to test tumor chemosensitivity compared with flow cytometry.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, K., Liu, P.-C., Liu, R., & Wu, X.
- Venue
- Medical Science Monitor Basic Research
- Published
- 2015-02-09
- Volume
- 21
- Pages
- 15-20
- ISSN
- 2325-4394 (ISSN-L)
- 2325-4416
- OpenAlex
- W2081994183
- Cited by
- 770
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 13.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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