The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Prenatal Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate and Risk of Overweight at 20 Years of Age: A Prospective Cohort Study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Perfluoroalkyl acids are persistent compounds used in various industrial -applications. Of these compounds, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is currently detected in humans worldwide. A recent study on low-dose developmental exposure to PFOA in mice reported increased weight and elevated biomarkers of adiposity in postpubertal female offspring. OBJECTIVE: We examined whether the findings of increased weight in postpubertal female mice could be replicated in humans. METHODS: A prospective cohort of 665 Danish pregnant women was recruited in 1988-1989 with offspring follow-up at 20 years. PFOA was measured in serum from gestational week 30. Offspring body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were recorded at follow-up (n = 665), and biomarkers of adiposity were quantified in a subset (n = 422) of participants. RESULTS: After adjusting for covariates, including maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking, education, and birth weight, in utero exposure to PFOA was positively associated with anthropometry at 20 years in female but not male offspring. Adjusted relative risks comparing the highest with lowest quartile (median: 5.8 vs. 2.3 ng/mL) of maternal PFOA concentration were 3.1 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4, 6.9] for overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) and 3.0 (95% CI: 1.3, 6.8) for waist circumference > 88 cm among female offspring. This corresponded to estimated increases of 1.6 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.6, 2.6) and 4.3 cm (95% CI: 1.4, 7.3) in average BMI and waist circumference, respectively. In addition, maternal PFOA concentrations were positively associated with serum insulin and leptin levels and inversely associated with adiponectin levels in female offspring. Similar associations were observed for males, although point estimates were less precise because of fewer observations. Maternal perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA), and perfluorononanoate (PFNA) concentrations were not independently associated with offspring anthropometry at 20 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings on the effects of low-dose developmental exposures to PFOA are in line with experimental results suggesting obesogenic effects in female offspring at 20 years of age.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Aprospective study by Halldorsson et al. [212] revealed that elevated prenatal plasma PFOA levels were linked to an increased incidence of overweight and greater waist circumference in female offspring at 20 years of age, though no such connection was observed in males.”
From Industrial Applications, Environmental Fate, Human Exposure, and Health Effects of PFAS (2025) · cites this paper as [212]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“the impacts of PFAS on body weight are not consistent in the literature, with many studies reporting associations between PFAS exposure and increased body weight gain and metabolic syndrome-like phenotypes in human and rodent studies”
From A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Impacts of Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances on the Brain and Behavior (2022) · cites this paper as Halldorsson et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Flexible regression models with cubic splines
Durrleman, S., & Simon, R. M. (1989) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.4780080504 · Cited by 2,722
Olsen, G. W., Burris, J. M., Ehresman, D. J., Froehlich, J. W., Seacat, A. M., Butenhoff, J. L., & Zobel, L. R. (2007) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.10009 · Cited by 2,049
Waist circumference as a measure for indicating need for weight management
Lean, M. E. J., Han, T. S., & Morrison, C. E. (1995) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.311.6998.158 · Cited by 1,869
Peer Reviewed: Perfluorochemical Surfactants in the Environment
Giesy, J. P., & Kannan, K. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es022253t · Cited by 1,103
The Danish National Birth Cohort - its background, structure and aim
Olsen, J., Melbye, M., Olsen, S. F., Sørensen, T. I. A., Aaby, P., Andersen, A. N., Taxbøl, D., Hansen, K. D., Juhl, M., Schow, T. B., et al. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/14034948010290040201 · Cited by 1,071
Self-citationTrends in Exposure to Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in the U.S. Population: 1999−2008
Kato, K., Wong, L.-Y., Jia, L. T., Kuklenyik, Z., & Calafat, A. M. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es1043613 · Cited by 777 · cited 1×
“However, recent findings from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate that PFOA levels in the United states remained relatively stable between 2003 and 2008, suggesting continued direct and indirect sources of human exposures to PFOA (Kato et al. 2011).”
BackgroundEpidemiologic Evidence on the Health Effects of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
Steenland, K., Fletcher, T., & Savitz, D. A. (2010) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.0901827 · Cited by 660
Carey, D., Jenkins, A. B., Campbell, L. V., Freund, J., & Chisholm, D. J. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.5.633 · Cited by 659
Perfluorinated Chemicals and Fetal Growth: A Study within the Danish National Birth Cohort
Fei, C., McLaughlin, J. K., Tarone, R. E., & Olsen, J. (2007) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.10506 · Cited by 636
Binding of perfluorinated fatty acids to serum proteins
Jones, P. D., Hu, W., Coen, W. D., Newsted, J. L., & Giesy, J. P. (2003) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1897/02-553 · Cited by 628
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fenton, S. E., Ducatman, A., Boobis, A., DeWitt, J. C., Lau, C., Ng, C., Smith, J. S., & Roberts, S. M. (2020) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.4890 · Cited by 2,445
EDC-2: the endocrine society's second scientific statement on endocrine-disrupting chemicals
Gore, A. C., Chappell, V. A., Fenton, S. E., Flaws, J. A., Nadal, A., Prins, G. S., Toppari, J., & Zoeller, R. T. (2015) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2015-1010 · Cited by 2,407
Metabolism disrupting chemicals and metabolic disorders
Heindel, J. J., Blumberg, B., Cave, M., Machtinger, R., Mantovani, A., Mendez, M. A., Nadal, A., Palanza, P., Panzica, G., Sargis, R., et al. (2017) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.10.001 · Cited by 1,101
Risk to human health related to the presence of perfluoroalkyl substances in food
Panel), E. P. O. C. I. T. F. C. (. C., Schrenk, D., Bignami, M., Bodin, L., Chipman, J. K., del Mazo, J., Grasl‐Kraupp, B., Hogstrand, C., Hoogenboom, L. (., Leblanc, J., et al. (2020) · EFSA Journal · doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6223 · Cited by 989
Self-citationEarly-life exposure to EDCs: role in childhood obesity and neurodevelopment
Braun, J. M. (2016) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.186 · Cited by 965
Metadata
- Authors
- Halldorsson, T. I., Rytter, D., Haug, L. S., Bech, B. H., Danielsen, I., Becher, G., Henriksen, T. B., & Olsen, S. F.
- Affiliations
- Statens Serum Institut (DK)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- Aarhus University Hospital (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Halldorsson, Thorhallur I.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Environmental Health Perspectives
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2012-02-03
- Volume
- 120
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 668-673
- ISSN
- 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-9924
- PMC
- PMC3346773
- OpenAlex
- W2001077154
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 24.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 2156 d)
- Locations
- Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Hirsla (Landspítali University Hospital) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
- Keywords
- perfluorooctanoic acid, prenatal exposure, obesity, body mass index, waist circumference, adiposity biomarkers, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, sex differences, PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonamide, perfluorononanoate
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Caprylates, Denmark, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Male, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Overweight, Limit of Detection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
