Half-Life of Serum Elimination of Perfluorooctanesulfonate,Perfluorohexanesulfonate, and Perfluorooctanoate in Retired Fluorochemical Production Workers

Olsen, Geary W.; Burris, Jean M.; Ehresman, David J.; Froehlich, John W.; Seacat, Andrew M.; Butenhoff, John L.; Zobel, Larry R.

doi:10.1289/ehp.10009

Cited by 2,049Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances researchToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactFluorine in Organic Chemistry

Half-Life of Serum Elimination of Perfluorooctanesulfonate,Perfluorohexanesulfonate, and Perfluorooctanoate in Retired Fluorochemical Production Workers

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Olsen, Geary W., Burris, Jean M., Ehresman, David J., Froehlich, John W., Seacat, Andrew M., Butenhoff, John L., Zobel, Larry R.·2007·Environmental Health Perspectives

DOI 10.1289/ehp.10009PMC PMC1964923

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The presence of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHS), and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) has been reported in humans and wildlife. Pharmacokinetic differences have been observed in laboratory animals. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this observational study was to estimate the elimination half-life of PFOS, PFHS, and PFOA from human serum. METHODS: Twenty-six (24 male, 2 female) retired fluorochemical production workers, with no additional occupational exposure, had periodic blood samples collected over 5 years, with serum stored in plastic vials at -80 degrees C. At the end of the study, we used HPLC-mass spectrometry to analyze the samples, with quantification based on the ion ratios for PFOS and PFHS and the internal standard (18)O(2)-PFOS. For PFOA, quantitation was based on the internal standard (13)C(2)-PFOA. RESULTS: THE ARITHMETIC MEAN INITIAL SERUM CONCENTRATIONS WERE AS FOLLOWS: PFOS, 799 ng/mL (range, 145-3,490); PFHS, 290 ng/mL (range, 16-1,295); and PFOA, 691 ng/mL (range, 72-5,100). For each of the 26 subjects, the elimination appeared linear on a semi-log plot of concentration versus time; therefore, we used a first-order model for estimation. The arithmetic and geometric mean half-lives of serum elimination, respectively, were 5.4 years [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.9-6.9] and 4.8 years (95% CI, 4.0-5.8) for PFOS; 8.5 years (95% CI, 6.4-10.6) and 7.3 years (95% CI, 5.8-9.2) for PFHS; and 3.8 years (95% CI, 3.1-4.4) and 3.5 years (95% CI, 3.0-4.1) for PFOA. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data, humans appear to have a long half-life of serum elimination of PFOS, PFHS, and PFOA. Differences in species-specific pharmacokinetics may be due, in part, to a saturable renal resorption process.

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The high HSA binding affinities of PFHxS and PFHpA are consistent with long blood plasma elimination half-lives reported for PFHxS in humans and for PFHpA and PFHxS in pigs.
“These observations are consistent with long blood plasma elimination half-lives reported for PFHxS in humans [54,55] and for PFHpA and PFHxS in pigs [56].”
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Highly fluorinated alternatives may not be less bioaccumulative than intended.
“Information remains limited, but some existing studies have already suggested that these highly fluorinated alternatives may not be less persistent [9], less bioaccumulative [10] nor less toxic [11] as intended [9].”
From High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods for nontarget discovery and characterization of poly- and per-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in environmental and human samples (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
The biological half-life of PFHxS is longer than that of PFOS.
“The biological halflife of PFHxS is known to be longer than for PFOS [150, 151], thus relatively longer biomonitoring may be necessary to see a decrease in human serum in response to any intervention.”
From What is the effect of phasing out long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on the concentrations of perfluoroalkyl acids and their precursors in the environment? A systematic review (2018) · cites this paper as [151]

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“Biological half-lives in humans range from days, for compounds with a shorter chain length, to years for compounds with a longer perfluoroalkyl chain (Bartell et al. 2010; Chang et al. 2008; Olsen et al. 2007; Pizzurro et al. 2019; Xu et al. 2020).”
Background
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Authors: Olsen, G. W., Burris, J. M., Ehresman, D. J., Froehlich, J. W., Seacat, A. M., Butenhoff, J. L., & Zobel, L. R.
Affiliations: 3M (United States) (US)
Pace Analytical Laboratory, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
Corresponding author: Olsen, Geary W.
ORCID: Olsen, Geary W.
Froehlich, John W.
Venue: Environmental Health Perspectives
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2007-06-12
Volume: 115
Issue: 9
Pages: 1298-1305
ISSN: 0091-6765 (ISSN-L)
1552-9924
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10009
PMC: PMC1964923
OpenAlex: W1993650845
Cited by: 2,049
References: 19
Citations by year: 2026: 119 · 2025: 131 · 2024: 144 · 2023: 174 · 2022: 157 · 2021: 146 · 2020: 149 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 116 · 2017: 100 · 2016: 97 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 95 · 2013: 82 · 2012: 80
FWCI: 44.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 3853 d)
Locations: Environmental Health Perspectives (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Fluorine in Organic Chemistry
Keywords: PFOS, PFHxS, perfluorooctanoic acid, occupational exposure
MeSH terms: Aged, Caprylates, Chemical Industry, Female, Fluorocarbons, Half-Life, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retirement, Sulfonic Acids, Occupational Exposure, Alkanesulfonic Acids

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Half-Life of Serum Elimination of Perfluorooctanesulfonate,Perfluorohexanesulfonate, and Perfluorooctanoate in Retired Fluorochemical Production Workers

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