The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Responding mindfully to unpleasant thoughts and images: Reliability and validity of the Southampton mindfulness questionnaire (SMQ)
Abstract
Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of the Southampton mindfulness questionnaire (SMQ), a 16‐item measure of mindful awareness of distressing thoughts and images. Methods: A total of 256 people participated, comprising a non‐clinical community sample of 134 (83 meditators and 51 non‐meditators) and a clinical sample of 122 people with a current distressing psychosis. To assess concurrent validity, non‐clinical participants and half clinical participants (total 197 participants) completed the mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS). Predicted links were assessed with affect, and 59 patients completed a validated measure to assess link between mindfulness and intensity of ‘delusional’ experience. Results: The scale has a single factor structure, was internally reliable, significantly correlated with the MAAS, showed expected associations with affect, and distinguished among meditators, non‐meditators and people with psychosis. Conclusions: The data support use of the SMQ in clinical practice and research to assess mindful responding to distressing thoughts and images.
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“The Southampton Mindfulness Questionnaire (SMQ) is a valid and reliable 16-item measure that assesses the degree to which a person can remain mindful in response to unpleasant thoughts and images (Chadwick et al., 2008).”
From Testing Mindfulness Mechanisms of Action on the Stress and Burnout of Social Workers (2024) · cites this paper as Chadwick et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The SMQ is a 16-item measure assessing elements of mindfulness in response to unpleasant thoughts and images (Chadwick et al., 2008).”
From A randomised trial of Mindfulness-based Social Work and Self-Care with social workers (2023) · cites this paper as Chadwick et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The SMQ has been found to have adequate concurrent and discriminant validity (Chadwick et al., 2008).”
From A randomised trial of Mindfulness-based Social Work and Self-Care with social workers (2023) · cites this paper as Chadwick et al., 2008
Citations
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Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Lykins, E., Button, D., Krietemeyer, J., Sauer, S., Walsh, E., Duggan, D., & Williams, J. M. G. (2008) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191107313003 · Cited by 2,930
Effects of mindfulness on psychological health: A review of empirical studies
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What is compassion and how can we measure it? A review of definitions and measures
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Bohlmeijer, E., ten Klooster, P. M., Fledderus, M., Veehof, M., & Baer, R. (2011) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191111408231 · Cited by 990
Metadata
- Authors
- Chadwick, P., Hember, M., Symes, J., Peters, E., Kuipers, E., & Dagnan, D.
- Affiliations
- Royal South Hants Hospital (GB)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- King's College London (GB)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Chadwick, Paul
- Venue
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 451-455
- ISSN
- 0144-6657 (ISSN-L)
- 2044-8260
- OpenAlex
- W2028960724
- Cited by
- 517
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 13.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Insight (University of Cumbria) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- mindfulness, psychosis, delusional experiences, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, meditators, affect, psychometric validation, factor structure
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Attention, Awareness, Cognition Disorders, Delusions, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Inventory, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Psychotic Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results
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