The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Two-photon excitation STED microscopy
Open accessAbstract
We report sub-diffraction resolution in two-photon excitation (TPE) fluorescence microscopy achieved by merging this technique with stimulated-emission depletion (STED). We demonstrate an easy-to-implement and promising laser combination based on a short-pulse laser source for two-photon excitation and a continuous-wave (CW) laser source for resolution enhancement. Images of fluorescent nanoparticles and the immunostained transcription regulator NF kappaB in mammalian cell nuclei exhibit resolutions of <50 nm and approximately 70 nm in the focal plane, respectively, corresponding to a 4-5.4-fold improvement over the diffraction barrier.
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“The STED principle can also be applied to two-photon microscopy (Moneron and Hell, 2009).”
From Barriers in the brain: resolving dendritic spine morphology and compartmentalization (2014) · cites this paper as Moneron and Hell, 2009
Citations
Cites
Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy
Denk, W., Strickler, J. H., & Webb, W. W. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2321027 · Cited by 9,488
Hell, S. W., & Wichmann, J. (1994) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.19.000780 · Cited by 6,068
Self-citationDeep tissue two-photon microscopy
Helmchen, F., & Denk, W. T. (2005) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth818 · Cited by 4,288
STED microscopy reveals that synaptotagmin remains clustered after synaptic vesicle exocytosis
Willig, K. I., Rizzoli, S. O., Westphal, V., Jahn, R., & Hell, S. W. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04592 · Cited by 1,236
Self-citationPrinciples of two-photon excitation microscopy and its applications to neuroscience
Svoboda, K., & Yasuda, R. (2006) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.05.019 · Cited by 1,027
Microscopy and its focal switch
Hell, S. W. (2008) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1291 · Cited by 999
Self-citationSubdiffraction resolution in far-field fluorescence microscopy
Klar, T. A., & Hell, S. W. (1999) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.24.000954 · Cited by 866
Self-citationSTED microscopy reveals crystal colour centres with nanometric resolution
Rittweger, E., Han, K. Y., Irvine, S. E., Eggeling, C., & Hell, S. W. (2009) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.2 · Cited by 826
Self-citationVideo-Rate Far-Field Optical Nanoscopy Dissects Synaptic Vesicle Movement
Westphal, V., Rizzoli, S. O., Lauterbach, M. A., Kamin, D., Jahn, R., & Hell, S. W. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1154228 · Cited by 799
Self-citationMacromolecular-scale resolution in biological fluorescence microscopy
Donnert, G., Keller‐Findeisen, J., Medda, R., Andrei, M. A., Rizzoli, S. O., Lührmann, R., Jahn, R., Eggeling, C., & Hell, S. W. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0604965103 · Cited by 528
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Kizina, K. M. (2019) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-7518
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Peres, C., Nardin, C., Yang, G., & Mammano, F. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.09.02.458727
SUPERRESOLUTION NONLINEAR STRUCTURED ILLUMINATION MICROSCOPY BY STIMULATED EMISSION DEPLETION
Zhang, H. (2014) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Giacomelli, M. G. (2021) · doi:10.1063/9780735423794_006
Pavone, F. S. (2010) · doi:10.1002/9783527632053.oth1
Nanoscopy inside living brain slices
Urban, N. T. (2014) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-4761
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(2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816501-0.09986-8
New imaging tools to study synaptogenesis
Marchand, S. J. L., & Dalva, M. B. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823672-7.00005-3
Various Types of Microscopes and Accessories
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Deep Tissue High-resolution and Background-free Imaging with Plasmonic SAX Microscopy
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Analytical Description of Digital Mask Based STED Lithography
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Temporally shaped vortex phase laser pulses for two-photon excited fluorescence
Gottschalk, R., & Lindinger, A. (2022) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.473744
Stimulated Emission Depletion Microscopy
Galiani, S., Koth, J., Schulze, U., & Lagerholm, B. C. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-04477-9_8
Fluorescence Microscopy - an encyclopedia article
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Point Spread Function Engineering SRM
Yan, W., Wang, L., Zhu, Y., Wang, J., & Xiang, R. (2023) · doi:10.1002/9783527835539.ch2
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Interference patterns of two-photon excited fluorescence by spatial beam shaping
Gottschalk, R., & Lindinger, A. (2024) · Optik · doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.172054
Two-photon excited fluorescence with shaped laser pulses for refractive beams
Bukhari, S. S. A. S., Gottschalk, R., & Lindinger, A. (2025) · The European Physical Journal D · doi:10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00953-8
Spatial and temporal shaping for the two-photon excitation in bromine perovskites for solar cells
Gottschalk, R., Bukhari, S. S. A. S., Bartelt, A. F., & Lindinger, A. (2025) · Applied Optics · doi:10.1364/ao.570521
Development of advanced methods for super-resolution microscopy data analysis and segmentation
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Jiao, Y., Zhang, X., Shen, M., Liu, Y. (., Kang, K., Yao, S., Zhang, J., Ding, N., & 陈星旦 (2026) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.601816
Two-Photon Microscopy in Biological Imaging: Current Uses and Evolving Potential
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Stimulated Emission Depletion Microscopy (STED) and Its Single Molecule Analogues
Mondal, P. P., & Hess, S. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-13442-4_11
Wavelength-tunable depletion expands fluorophore compatibility in two-photon STED nanoscopy
Sakamoto, J., Ishii, H., Otomo, K., Kozawa, Y., Sato, S., Yokoyama, H., & Nemoto, T. (2026) · Biomedical Optics Express · doi:10.1364/boe.603553
Bukhari, S. S. A. S., Halder, A., Bergenholtz, L., Schultz, C., Stegemann, B., Lindinger, A., & Bartelt, A. F. (2026) · Optical Materials · doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2026.118465
Hartmann, M., Li, X., Nag, P., Lustres, J. L. P., Schapiro, I., Megow, S., & Heyne, K. (2026) · ChemPhotoChem · doi:10.1002/cptc.70311
Sharma, R., & Sharma, R. (2026) · Journal of Fluorescence · doi:10.1007/s10895-026-04977-0
Metadata
- Authors
- Moneron, G., & Hell, S. W.
- ORCID
- Hell, Stefan W.
- Venue
- Optics Express
- Publisher
- Optica Publishing Group
- Published
- 2009-08-03
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 14567
- ISSN
- 1094-4087 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2152298085
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 9.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Optics Express (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- GRO (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies
- Keywords
- two-photon excitation, STED microscopy, stimulated emission depletion, sub-diffraction resolution, super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, short-pulse lasers, continuous-wave laser, fluorescent nanoparticles, NF-κB, immunostaining
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Nucleus, Fluorescent Dyes, Humans, Lasers, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Models, Statistical, NF-kappa B, Photons, Microscopy, Confocal, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Nanotechnology, Nanoparticles
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