The Reelin Receptors Apoer2 and Vldlr Coordinate the Patterning of Purkinje Cell Topography in the Developing Mouse Cerebellum
Open accessAbstract
The adult cerebellar cortex is comprised of reproducible arrays of transverse zones and parasagittal stripes of Purkinje cells. Adult stripes are created through the perinatal rostrocaudal dispersion of embryonic Purkinje cell clusters, triggered by signaling through the Reelin pathway. Reelin is secreted by neurons in the external granular layer and deep cerebellar nuclei and binds to two high affinity extracellular receptors on Purkinje cells-the Very low density lipoprotein receptor (Vldlr) and apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (Apoer2). In mice null for either Reelin or double null for Vldlr and Apoer2, Purkinje cell clusters fail to disperse. Here we report that animals null for either Vldlr or Apoer2 individually, exhibit specific and parasagittally-restricted Purkinje cell ectopias. For example, in mice lacking Apoer2 function immunostaining reveals ectopic Purkinje cells that are largely restricted to the zebrin II-immunonegative population of the anterior vermis. In contrast, mice null for Vldlr have a much larger population of ectopic Purkinje cells that includes members from both the zebrin II-immunonegative and -immunopositive phenotypes. HSP25 immunoreactivity reveals that in Vldlr null animals a large portion of zebrin II-immunopositive ectopic cells are probably destined to become stripes in the central zone (lobules VI-VII). A small population of ectopic zebrin II-immunonegative Purkinje cells is also observed in animals heterozygous for both receptors (Apoer2(+/-): Vldlr(+/-)), but no ectopia is present in mice heterozygous for either receptor alone. These results indicate that Apoer2 and Vldlr coordinate the dispersal of distinct, but overlapping subsets of Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Reelin and ApoE bind to and activate ApoER2 and VLDLR.
“Reelin and ApoE bind to and activate ApoER2 and VLDLR, controlling cortical and cerebellar development [13,14], promoting cell survival [15], and regulating N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor activity through phosphorylation [16,17].”
From PCSK9 regulates neuronal apoptosis by adjusting ApoER2 levels and signaling (2012) · cites this paper as [14]
The Introduction and Discussion (page numbers unavailable) say that Reelin binds Apoer2 and Vldlr and activates signaling involved in Purkinje-cell dispersal. The paper does not say that ApoE binds to or activates these receptors; its use of “apolipoprotein E receptor 2” is a receptor name, not evidence for that part of the claim. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredLrp8-null mice show ectopic Purkinje cells similar to the Rbfox2-null mice.
“Consistently, Lrp8-null mice show ectopic Purkinje cells similar to the Rbfox2-null mice59,60.”
From The neurogenetics of alternative splicing (2016) · cites this paper as [60]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Trommsdorff, M., Gotthardt, M., Hiesberger, T., Shelton, J., Stockinger, W., Nimpf, J., Hammer, R. E., Richardson, J. A., & Herz, J. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80782-5 · Cited by 1,261 · see citing works
Self-citationAn autoradiographic analysis of histogenesis in the mouse cerebellum
Miale, I. L., & Sidman, R. L. (1961) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(61)90055-3 · Cited by 1,015 · see citing works
Hiesberger, T., Trommsdorff, M., Howell, B. W., Goffinet, A., Mumby, M. C., Cooper, J. A., & Herz, J. (1999) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80861-2 · Cited by 916 · see citing works
Self-citationAbsence Epilepsy in Tottering Mutant Mice Is Associated with Calcium Channel Defects
Fletcher, C., Lutz, C. M., O’Sullivan, T. N., Shaughnessy, J. D., Hawkes, R. B., Frankel, W. N., Copeland, N. G., & Jenkins, N. A. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81381-1 · Cited by 772 · see citing works
Self-citationScrambler and yotari disrupt the disabled gene and produce a reeler -like phenotype in mice
Sheldon, M., Rice, D. S., D'Arcangelo, G., Yoneshima, H., Nakajima, K., Mikoshiba, K., Howell, B. W., Cooper, J. A., Goldowitz, D., & Curran, T. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/39601 · Cited by 638 · see citing works
Neurodegeneration in Lurcher mice caused by mutation in δ2 glutamate receptor gene
Zuo, J., De Jager, P. L., Takahashi, K. A., Jiang, W., Linden, D. J., & Heintz, N. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42009 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Falconer, D. S. (1951) · Journal of Genetics · doi:10.1007/bf02996215 · Cited by 539 · see citing works
Brochu, G., Maler, L., & Hawkes, R. B. (1990) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902910405 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Self-citationReelin Is a Secreted Glycoprotein Recognized by the CR-50 Monoclonal Antibody
D’Arcangelo, G., Nakajima, K., Miyata, T., Ogawa, M., Mikoshiba, K., & Curran, T. (1997) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-01-00023.1997 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
Patil, N., Cox, D., Bhat, D., Faham, M., Myers, R., & Peterson, A. S. (1995) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1095-126 · Cited by 506 · see citing works
Structural and quantitative studies on the normal C3H and lurcher mutant mouse
Caddy, K. W. T., & Biscoe, T. J. (1979) · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1979.0055 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Reelin-induced tryosine phosphorylation of Disabled 1 during neuronal positioning
Howell, B. W., Herrick, T. M., & Cooper, J. A. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.6.643 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Altman, J., & Bayer, S. A. (1978) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901790104 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Anatomical, Physiological and biochemical studies of the cerebellum from reeler mutant mouse
Mariani, J., Crépel, F., Mikoshiba, K., Changeux, J., & Sotelo, C. (1977) · Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1977.0121 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Rice, D. S., Sheldon, M., D’Arcangelo, G., Nakajima, K., Goldowitz, D., & Curran, T. (1998) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.125.18.3719 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Reelin Activates Src Family Tyrosine Kinases in Neurons
Bock, H. H., & Herz, J. (2003) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(02)01403-3 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Self-citationMouse disabled (mDab1): a Src binding protein implicated in neuronal development
Howell, B. W., Gertler, F. B., & Cooper, J. A. (1997) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1093/emboj/16.1.121 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Fink, A. J. P., Englund, C., Daza, R. A. M., Pham, D., Lau, C., Nivison, M. P., Kowalczyk, T., & Hevner, R. F. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5203-05.2006 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
THE COMPARTMENTALIZATION OF THE CEREBELLUM
Herrup, K., & Kuemerle, B. (1997) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.20.1.61 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
The cloning of zebrin II reveals its identity with aldolase C
Ahn, A. H., Dziennis, S., Hawkes, R. B., & Herrup, K. (1994) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.120.8.2081 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Self-citationGoffinet, A. M. (1984) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(84)90013-4 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Anatomy of cerebellar Purkinje cells in the rat determined by a specific immunohistochemical marker
Camilli, P. V. D., Miller, P. E., Levitt, P. R., Walter, U., & Greengard, P. (1984) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(84)90193-3 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Reelin signaling directly affects radial glia morphology and biochemical maturation
Hartfuss, E., Förster, E., Bock, H. H., Hack, M. A., Leprince, P., Luque, J. M., Herz, J., Frotscher, M., & Götz, M. (2003) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.00654 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationBoycott, K. M., Flavelle, S. C., Bureau, A., Glass, H. C., Fujiwara, T., Wirrell, E. C., Davey, K., Chudley, A. E., Scott, J. N., McLeod, D. R., et al. (2005) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/444400 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Hawkes, R., & Gravel, C. (1991) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0301-0082(91)90004-k · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Self-citationSubtractive cDNA cloning of RC3, a rodent cortex‐enriched mRNA encoding a novel 78 residue protein
Watson, J. B., Battenberg, E. L. F., Wong, K. K., et al. (1990) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490260402 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Regulation of Purkinje Cell Alignment by Reelin as Revealed with CR-50 Antibody
Miyata, T., Nakajima, K., Mikoshiba, K., & Ogawa, M. (1997) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-10-03599.1997 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Hashimoto, M., & Mikoshiba, K. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-36-11342.2003 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
From zebra stripes to postal zones: deciphering patterns of gene expression in the cerebellum
Oberdick, J. (1998) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(98)01325-3 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Eisenman, L. M., & Hawkes, R. (1993) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903350410 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationNakamura, M., Sato, K., Fukaya, M., Araishi, K., Aiba, A., Kano, M., & Watanabe, M. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03768.x · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Sarna, J. R., Marzban, H., Watanabe, M., & Hawkes, R. B. (2006) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20912 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Self-citationGabbott, P. L. A., & Bacon, S. J. (1996) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960122)364:4 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Divergent roles of ApoER2 and Vldlr in the migration of cortical neurons
Hack, I., Hellwig, S., Junghans, D., Brunne, B., Bock, H. H., Zhao, S., & Frotscher, M. (2007) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.005447 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Sillitoe, R. V., & Hawkes, R. B. (2002) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/002215540205000211 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Self-citationGoldowitz, D., Cushing, R. C., Laywell, E. D., D’Arcangelo, G., Sheldon, M., Sweet, H. O., Davisson, M. T., Steindler, D. A., & Curran, T. (1997) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-22-08767.1997 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Chapter 3 An anatomical model of cerebellar modules
Hawkes, R. B. (1997) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63357-9 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Self-citationExpression of compartmentation antigen zebrin I in cerebellar transplants
Wassef, M., Sotelo, C., THOMASSET, M., et al. (1990) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902940207 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Sillitoe, R. V., Marzban, H., Larouche, M., et al. (2005) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(04)48022-4 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Self-citationPhospholipase C β4 is involved in modulating the visual response in mice
Jiang, H., Lyubarsky, A., Dodd, R. L., Vardi, N., Pugh, E. N., Baylor, D. A., Simon, M. I., & Wu, D. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14598 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Beffert, U., Durudas, A., Weeber, E. J., Stolt, P. C., Giehl, K. M., Sweatt, J. D., Hammer, R. E., & Herz, J. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4566-05.2006 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationPark, C., Falls, W. A., Finger, J. H., Longo-Guess, C. M., & Ackerman, S. L. (2002) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng908 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
From clusters to stripes: The developmental origins of adult cerebellar compartmentation
Larouche, M., & Hawkes, R. B. (2006) · The Cerebellum · doi:10.1080/14734220600804668 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationCentral neuronal loss and behavioral impairment in mice lacking neurotrophin receptor p75
Peterson, D. A., Dickinson-Anson, H., Leppert, J. T., Lee, K., & Gage, F. H. (1999) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990201)404:1 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Stripes and zones: the origins of regionalization of the adult cerebellum.
Hawkes, R. B., & Eisenman, L. M. (1997) · PubMed · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationCerebellar abnormalities in the disabled (mdab1-1) mouse
Gallagher, E., Howell, B. W., Soriano, P. M., Cooper, J. A., & Hawkes, R. B. (1998) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19981214)402:2 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationImmunohistochemical Characterization of the Orphan Nuclear Receptor RORα in the Mouse Nervous System
Ino, H. (2004) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1177/002215540405200302 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Purkinje cell reduction in the reeler mutant mouse: A quantitative immunohistochemical study
Heckroth, J. A., Goldowitz, D., & Eisenman, L. M. (1989) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902790404 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Keller, A., & Carlson, G. C. (1999) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990913)412:1 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Obstructed migration of Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum of the reeler mutant mouse
Yuasa, S., Kitoh, J., Oda, S.-I., & Kawamura, K. (1993) · Anatomy and Embryology · doi:10.1007/bf00185941 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
ApoE receptor 2 controls neuronal survival in the adult brain
Beffert, U., Nematollah Farsian, F., Masiulis, I., Hammer, R. E., Yoon, S. O., Giehl, K. M., & Herz, J. (2006) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.10.029 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationTemporal and spatial patterns of Purkinje cell formation in the mouse cerebellum
Inouye, M., & Murakami, U. (1980) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901940302 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Jensen, P., Zoghbi, H. Y., & Goldowitz, D. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-18-08110.2002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Mi, Z. P., Jiang, P., Weng, W., Lindberg, F. P., Narayanan, V., & Lagenaur, C. F. (2000) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(20000117)416:3 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Larouche, M., Che, P. M., & Hawkes, R. B. (2005) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20791 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurogranin expression by cerebellar neurons in rodents and non‐human primates
Singeç, I., Knoth, R., Ditter, M., et al. (2003) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.10600 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Reelin receptors in developing laminated brain structures of mouse and human
Pérez‐García, C. G., Tissir, F., Goffinet, A. M., & Meyer, G. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03733.x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Seil, F. J., Johnson, M. L., & Hawkes, R. B. (1995) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903560307 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationGABAB receptor gene expression in monkey thalamus
Mu�oz, A., Huntsman, M. M., & Jones, E. G. (1998) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19980427)394:1 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Abnormal dispersion of a purkinje cell subset in the mouse mutant cerebellar deficient folia (cdf)
Beierbach, E., Park, C., Ackerman, S. L., Goldowitz, D., & Hawkes, R. B. (2001) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.1052.abs · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Development of Molecular Compartmentation in the Cerebellar Cortex
Hawkes, R. B., & Mascher, C. (1994) · Cells Tissues Organs · doi:10.1159/000147656 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationRostral Cerebellar Malformation, (rcm): A New Recessive Mutation on Chromosome 3 of the Mouse
Lane, P. W., Bronson, R. T., & Spencer, C. (1992) · Journal of Heredity · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111221 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Yang, H., Jensen, P., & Goldowitz, D. (2002) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.22-02-00464.2002 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Selective Purkinje cell ectopia in the cerebellum of the Weaver mouse
Armstrong, C., & Hawkes, R. B. (2001) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.1339 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationEdwards, M., Leclerc, N. M., Crandall, J. E., et al. (1994) · Anatomy and Embryology · doi:10.1007/bf00235488 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Chung, S., Zhang, Y., van der Hoorn, F., & Hawkes, R. B. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.01.100 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationThe cerebellar deficient folia (cdf) gene acts intrinsically in Purkinje cell migrations
Park, C., Finger, J. H., Cooper, J. A., & Ackerman, S. L. (2002) · genesis · doi:10.1002/gene.10024 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Puzzling out the reeler brainteaser: Does reelin signal to unique neural lineages?
Luque, J. M. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.02.056 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Armstrong, C. L., Vogel, M. W., & Hawkes, R. B. (2005) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.20703 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [62]Fletcher CF Lutz CM O'Sullivan TN J.D.Shaughnessy JD Hawkes R 1996 Defects in the α1A calcium channel in tottering mutant mice produce ataxia, motor seizures, and behavioral absence seizures resembling petit mal epilepsy. Cell 87 607 617 8929530
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The neurogenetics of alternative splicing
Vuong, C. K., Black, D. L., & Zheng, S. (2016) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn.2016.27 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
The splicing regulator Rbfox2 is required for both cerebellar development and mature motor function
Gehman, L. T., Meera, P., Stoilov, P., Shiue, L., O'Brien, J. E., Meisler, M. H., Ares, M., Otis, T. S., & Black, D. L. (2012) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.182477.111 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Nova2 Regulates Neuronal Migration through an RNA Switch in Disabled-1 Signaling
Yano, M., Hayakawa-Yano, Y., Mele, A., & Darnell, R. B. (2010) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.05.007 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
PCSK9 regulates neuronal apoptosis by adjusting ApoER2 levels and signaling
Kysenius, K., Muggalla, P., Mätlik, K., Arumäe, U., & Huttunen, H. J. (2012) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-012-0977-6 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
- Authors
- Larouche, M., Beffert, U., Herz, J., & Hawkes, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hawkes, Richard
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2008-02-27
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e1653
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2242849
- OpenAlex
- W2060138087
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- National Institutes of Health
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R37HL063762)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- Reelin signaling, ApoER2, VLDLR, cerebellar development, zebrin II, HSP25
- MeSH terms
- Reelin Protein, Animals, Cerebellum, Embryonic Induction, Genotype, Purkinje Cells, Receptors, Cell Surface, Receptors, LDL, Receptors, Lipoprotein, Body Patterning, LDL-Receptor Related Proteins, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
