Cited by 88Alzheimer's disease research and treatmentsBarrier Structure and Function StudiesNeuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

Mechanism of Neuronal versus Endothelial Cell Uptake of Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid β Protein

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Kandimalla, Karunya K., Scott, Olenych G., Fulzele, Smita, Davidson, Michael W., Poduslo, Joseph F.·2009·PLoS ONE

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by significant neurodegeneration in the cortex and hippocampus; intraneuronal tangles of hyperphosphorylated tau protein; and accumulation of beta-amyloid (Abeta) proteins 40 and 42 in the brain parenchyma as well as in the cerebral vasculature. The current understanding that AD is initiated by the neuronal accumulation of Abeta proteins due to their inefficient clearance at the blood-brain-barrier (BBB), places the neurovascular unit at the epicenter of AD pathophysiology. The objective of this study is to investigate cellular mechanisms mediating the internalization of Abeta proteins in the principle constituents of the neurovascular unit, neurons and BBB endothelial cells. Laser confocal micrographs of wild type (WT) mouse brain slices treated with fluorescein labeled Abeta40 (F-Abeta40) demonstrated selective accumulation of the protein in a subpopulation of cortical and hippocampal neurons via nonsaturable, energy independent, and nonendocytotic pathways. This groundbreaking finding, which challenges the conventional belief that Abeta proteins are internalized by neurons via receptor mediated endocytosis, was verified in differentiated PC12 cells and rat primary hippocampal (RPH) neurons through laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry studies. Microscopy studies have demonstrated that a significant proportion of F-Abeta40 or F-Abeta42 internalized by differentiated PC12 cells or RPH neurons is located outside of the endosomal or lysosomal compartments, which may accumulate without degradation. In contrast, BBME cells exhibit energy dependent uptake of F-Abeta40, and accumulate the protein in acidic cell organelle, indicative of endocytotic uptake. Such a phenomenal difference in the internalization of Abeta40 between neurons and BBB endothelial cells may provide essential clues to understanding how various cells can differentially regulate Abeta proteins and help explain the vulnerability of cortical and hippocampal neurons to Abeta toxicity.

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  • Evidence suggests that internalization of Aβ not associated with ApoE occurs through nonendocytotic mechanisms, based on translocation of cell surface bound Aβ directly to the cytosol, and results in accumulation of Aβ primarily outside the endosomal/lysosomal compartment.

    “In contrast, evidence suggests that internalization of Ab not associated with ApoE occurs through nonendocytotic mechanisms, which are based on the translocation of the cell surface bound Ab directly to the cytosol and results in accumulation of Ab primarily outside the endosomal/lysosomal compartment.28,45,46”

    From Blocking the Interaction between Apolipoprotein E and Aβ Reduces Intraneuronal Accumulation of Aβ and Inhibits Synaptic Degeneration (2013) · cites this paper as [46]

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Authors
Kandimalla, K. K., Scott, O. G., Fulzele, S., Davidson, M. W., & Poduslo, J. F.
Affiliations
  • Mayo Clinic (US)
  • Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (US)
  • Florida State University (US)
Corresponding author
Kandimalla, Karunya K.
Venue
PLoS ONE
Published
2009-02-27
Volume
4
Issue
2
Pages
e4627
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2004150338
Cited by
88
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
FWCI
6.43
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH-R01)
  • National Institute on Aging (R01AG022034, R01 AG22034)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (S06GM008111)
  • National Center for Research Resources (G12 RR 03020, G12RR003020)
  • National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (P20MD006738)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-beta, Aβ40, amyloid-beta 42, neuronal uptake, endothelial cells, blood-brain barrier, neurovascular unit, endocytosis, lysosomal accumulation, hippocampal neurons, cortical neurons, PC12 cells, receptor-mediated endocytosis
MeSH terms
Adenosine Triphosphate, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Brain, Cattle, Cell Compartmentation, Endocytosis, Endothelium, Vascular, Neurons, Amyloid beta-Peptides, PC12 Cells, Mice, Rats

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