Environmental Factors Influence Language Development in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: While it is clearly admitted that normal behavioural development is determined by the interplay of genetic and environmental influences, this is much less the case for psychiatric disorders for which more emphasis has been given in the past decades on biological determinism. Thus, previous studies have shown that Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) were not affected by parental style. However, animal research suggests that different behavioural traits can be differentially affected by genetic/environmental factors. METHODOLOGY/ PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the present study we hypothesized that amongst the ASD, language disorders may be more sensitive to social factors as language is a social act that develops under social influences. Using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, we compared the early characteristics of sensori-motor and language development in a large sample of children with ASD (n = 162) with parents belonging to different levels of education. The results showed that children raised by parents with a high level of education displayed earlier language development. Moreover, they showed earlier first words and phrases if their mother was at a high level of education, which reveals an additional gender effect. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: To our knowledge this study may trigger important new lines of thought and research, help equilibrate social and purely biological perspectives regarding ASD and bring new hopes for environmentally based therapies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Maternal education level may significantly influence the age of first single words.
“the latter may significantly influence the age of first single words”
From Autism risk factors: genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions (2012) · cites this paper as [88]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/bf02172145 · Cited by 9,065 · see citing works
Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children
Panagos, R. J. (1998) · Remedial and Special Education · doi:10.1177/074193259801900609 · Cited by 4,183 · see citing works
Meaningful Differences in the Everyday Experience of Young American Children
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-3435 · Cited by 4,103 · see citing works
The blank slate: the modern denial of human nature
(2003) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.40-4305 · Cited by 2,461 · see citing works
Hoff, E. (2003) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00612 · Cited by 2,346 · see citing works
How social contexts support and shape language development☆
HOFF, E. (2006) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2005.11.002 · Cited by 1,853 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Children need both communicative opportunities and a language model in order to develop language [35,36].”
BackgroundFrom mice to men: What can we learn about personality from animal research?
Gosling, S. D. (2001) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.1.45 · Cited by 1,683 · see citing works
Epidemiological Surveys of Autism and Other Pervasive Developmental Disorders: An Update
Fombonne, E. (2003) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1023/a:1025054610557 · Cited by 1,505 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status, Parenting, and Child Development
(2014) · doi:10.4324/9781410607027 · Cited by 1,339 · see citing works
Muhle, R., Trentacoste, S. V., & Rapin, I. (2004) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.113.5.e472 · Cited by 1,207 · see citing works
Meaningful differences in the everyday experience of young American children
Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (1995) · Cited by 1,138 · see citing works
Tamis‐LeMonda, C. S., Shannon, J. D., Cabrera, N., & Lamb, M. E. (2004) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00818.x · Cited by 972 · see citing works
Socioeconomic Status and Parenting
Hoff, E., & Laursen, B. P. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429401459-13 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
Language input and child syntax.
Huttenlocher, J., Vasilyeva, M., Cymerman, E., & Levine, S. C. (2002) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0010-0285(02)00500-5 · Cited by 842 · see citing works
How Children Use Input to Acquire a Lexicon
Hoff, E., & Naigles, L. (2002) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00415 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Mother-Child Conversation in Different Social Classes and Communicative Settings
Hoff‐Ginsberg, E. (1991) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1991.tb01569.x · Cited by 765 · see citing works
Bailey, A. J., Phillips, W., & Rutter, M. L. (1996) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01381.x · Cited by 757 · see citing works
Social interaction shapes babbling: Testing parallels between birdsong and speech
Goldstein, M. H., King, A. P., & West, M. J. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1332441100 · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Parental recognition of developmental abnormalities in autism
GIACOMO, A. D., & Fombonne, E. J. (1998) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s007870050058 · Cited by 596 · see citing works
Abnormal cortical voice processing in autism
Gervais, H., Belin, P., Boddaert, N., Leboyer, M., Coez, A., Sfaello, I., Barthélémy, C., Brunelle, F., Samson, Y., & Zilbovicius, M. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1291 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
Problems of nosology and psychodynamics of early infantile autism.
Kanner, L. (1949) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1949.tb05441.x · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Social Class and Parent-Child Relationships: An Interpretation
Kohn, M. L. (1963) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/223403 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Mother-Child Conversation in Different Social Classes and Communicative Settings
Hoff‐Ginsberg, E. (1991) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1131177 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
(1964) · Andalas University Repository (Andalas University) · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Picture book reading with young children: A conceptual framework
Fletcher, K. L., & Reese, E. (2004) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2004.08.009 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Genotype–environment interaction in schizophrenia-spectrum disorder
Tienari, P., Wynne, L. C., Sorri, A., Lahti, I., Läksy, K., Moring, J., Naarala, M., Nieminen, P. A., & Wahlberg, K.-E. (2004) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.184.3.216 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Social Influences on Vocal Development
Snowdon, C. T., & Hausberger, M. (1997) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511758843 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Self-citationFollow-up report on autism in congenital rubella
Chess, S. (1977) · Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia · doi:10.1007/bf01531116 · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Mother and father language input to young children: Contributions to later language development
Pancsofar, N., & Vernon‐Feagans, L. (2006) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2006.08.003 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Composite International Diagnostic Interview, Version 1.1 1989
Robins, L. N., Wing, J. B., Wïttchen, H., Helzer, J. E., Babor, T. F., Burke, J., Farmer, A., Jablensky, A. V., & Pickens, R. W. (1995) · Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) · Cited by 344 · see citing works
Parents and Children in Autism
Thomas, A. (1980) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.137.8.996-a · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Parents and Children in Autism
DeMyer, M. K. (1979) · Cited by 226 · see citing works
The Finnish adoptive family study of schizophrenia. Implications for family research.
Tienari, P., Wynne, L. C., Moring, J., Lahti, I., Naarala, M., Sorri, A., Wahlberg, K.-E., Saarento, O., Seitamaa, M., & Kaleva, M. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 220 · see citing works
A Decade of Measuring SES: What It Tells Us and Where to go From Here
Ensminger, M. E., & Fothergill, K. E. (2014) · doi:10.4324/9781410607027-9 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Stevens, C., Fanning, J., Coch, D., Sanders, L., & Neville, H. (2008) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.10.108 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
The Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia
Tienari, P., Wynne, L. C., Moring, J., Lahti, I., Naarala, M., Sorri, A., Wahlberg, K.-E., Saarento, O., Seitamaa, M., Kaleva, M., et al. (1994) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s0007125000292696 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
McGreevy, P. D., French, N. P., & Nicol, C. J. (1995) · Veterinary Record · doi:10.1136/vr.137.2.36 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Hausberger, M., Bruderer, C., Scolan, N. L., et al. (2004) · Journal of comparative psychology · doi:10.1037/0735-7036.118.4.434 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationProcesses of Language Acquisition in Children With Autism: Evidence from Preferential Looking
Swensen, L. D., Kelley, E. A., FEIN, D. A., & Naigles, L. (2007) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.01022.x · Cited by 137 · see citing works
The genetics of G in human and mouse
Plomin, R. J. (2001) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/35053584 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
A cross‐sectional study on compulsive behaviour (stable vices) in horses
Luescher, U. A., McKeown, D. B., & Dean, H. R. D. A. W. F. (1998) · Equine Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb05138.x · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Bowling, A. T., & Ruvinsky, A. O. (2000) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Human speech and birdsong: Communication and the social brain
Kuhl, P. K. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1733998100 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Selective auditory attention in 3- to 5-year-old children: An event-related potential study
Sanders, L. D., Stevens, C. J., Coch, D., & Neville, H. J. (2005) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.10.007 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Social influences on vocal learning in human and nonhuman primates
LOCKE, J. L., & Snow, C. E. (1997) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511758843.014 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Social experience influences the development of a central auditory area
Cousillas, H., George, I., Mathelier, M., Richard, J., Henry, L., & Hausberger, M. (2006) · Die Naturwissenschaften · doi:10.1007/s00114-006-0148-4 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationCousillas, H., Richard, J., Mathelier, M., Henry, L., George, I., & Hausberger, M. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.0953-816x.2004.03376.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationCousillas, H., George, I., Henry, L., Richard, J., & Hausberger, M. (2008) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002194 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationFranzek, E., & Stöber, G. (1995) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0924-9338(96)80332-4 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Robert, J. S. (2000) · Metamedicine · doi:10.1023/a:1009913618140 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Individual differences in the domestic horse, origins, development and stability
Hausberger, M., & Richard‐Yris, M. (2005) · INRIA a CCSD electronic archive server · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [25]Hoff E Naigles L 2002 How children use input in acquiring a lexicon. Child Dev 73 418 433 11949900
- [34]Snowdon CT Hausberger M 1997 Social influences on vocal development Cambridge Cambridge University Press 380
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Autism risk factors: genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions
Chaste, P., & Leboyer, M. (2012) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2012.14.3/pchaste · Cited by 807 · see citing works
- Authors
- Grandgeorge, M., Hausberger, M., Tordjman, S., Deleau, M., Lazartigues, A., & Lemonnier, E.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier (FR)
- Université Rennes 2 (FR)
- Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Grandgeorge, Marine
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2009-04-09
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- e4683
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2663032
- OpenAlex
- W1994672914
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- ORI-OAI warehouse (University of Rennes) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, language development, parental education, environmental factors, gene-environment interaction, first words, gender differences, sensorimotor development, early childhood language
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Education, Environment, Female, Humans, Infant, Interpersonal Relations, Language, Language Development, Male, Sex Factors, Social Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
