CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 362Marine Biology and Ecology ResearchMarine Ecology and Invasive SpeciesMarine and environmental studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 145 of the 149 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Status of Biodiversity in the Baltic Sea

Open access
Ojaveer, Henn, Jaanus, Andres, MacKenzie, Brian R., Martin, Georg, Olenin, Sergej, Radziejewska, Teresa, Telesh, Irena, Zettler, Michael L., Zaiko, Anastasija·2010·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012467PMC PMC2931693
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The brackish Baltic Sea hosts species of various origins and environmental tolerances. These immigrated to the sea 10,000 to 15,000 years ago or have been introduced to the area over the relatively recent history of the system. The Baltic Sea has only one known endemic species. While information on some abiotic parameters extends back as long as five centuries and first quantitative snapshot data on biota (on exploited fish populations) originate generally from the same time, international coordination of research began in the early twentieth century. Continuous, annual Baltic Sea-wide long-term datasets on several organism groups (plankton, benthos, fish) are generally available since the mid-1950s. Based on a variety of available data sources (published papers, reports, grey literature, unpublished data), the Baltic Sea, incl. Kattegat, hosts altogether at least 6,065 species, including at least 1,700 phytoplankton, 442 phytobenthos, at least 1,199 zooplankton, at least 569 meiozoobenthos, 1,476 macrozoobenthos, at least 380 vertebrate parasites, about 200 fish, 3 seal, and 83 bird species. In general, but not in all organism groups, high sub-regional total species richness is associated with elevated salinity. Although in comparison with fully marine areas the Baltic Sea supports fewer species, several facets of the system's diversity remain underexplored to this day, such as micro-organisms, foraminiferans, meiobenthos and parasites. In the future, climate change and its interactions with multiple anthropogenic forcings are likely to have major impacts on the Baltic biodiversity.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0012467

Cites

145 of 145 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Map of macroregions and regions of the Baltic Sea (sensu [2]). Salinity calculated from [195].
Figure 1 Map of macroregions and regions of the Baltic Sea (sensu [2]). Salinity calculated from [195].CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Recorded sub-regional species richness of six organism groups in the Baltic Sea.
Figure 2 Recorded sub-regional species richness of six organism groups in the Baltic Sea.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Annual zooplankton (A) biomass and (B) production by taxa in Gdansk Bay in the 1980s (modified from [196]).
Figure 3 Annual zooplankton (A) biomass and (B) production by taxa in Gdansk Bay in the 1980s (modified from [196]).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Recorded macrozoobenthos taxonomic composition in the Baltic Sea, based on historical and recent data. The spatial compoment is given on Figure 5.
Figure 4 Recorded macrozoobenthos taxonomic composition in the Baltic Sea, based on historical and recent data. The spatial compoment is given on Figure 5.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Sub-regional distribution of (A) marine and (B) freshwater taxa in the Baltic Sea: case of macrozoobenthos. Projection: ERTS89_LAEA CRS (Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection, ETRS89 datum).
Figure 5 Sub-regional distribution of (A) marine and (B) freshwater taxa in the Baltic Sea: case of macrozoobenthos. Projection: ERTS89_LAEA CRS (Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection, ETRS89 datum).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Spawner biomass of cod, herring, and sprat in the Baltic Sea (ICES management subdivisions 25–32, 25–29 (excluding the Gulf of Riga) and 22–32, respectively). Data: [137].
Figure 6 Spawner biomass of cod, herring, and sprat in the Baltic Sea (ICES management subdivisions 25–32, 25–29 (excluding the Gulf of Riga) and 22–32, respectively). Data: [137].CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 149 references

Research works printed but not linked: 40

  1. 2001, Report of the 1st Baltic History of Marine Animal Populations Workshop.
  2. 1999, IUCN guidelines for the prevention of biodiversity loss due to biological invasions., Newsletter of the Species Survival Commission IUCN – The World Conservation Union, 31, 28
  3. A Kremp, 2000, The role of life cycle in the population dynamics of the bloom forming dinoflagellates Scrippsiella hangoei and Peridiniella catenata in the Baltic Sea., W & A. de Nottbeck Foundation Sci Rep, 22, 1
  4. S Hajdu, 2007, Sommaren växtplankton samhälle har förändrats., Havet, 2007, 47
  5. H Ackefors, 1969, Ecological zooplankton investigations in the Baltic Proper 1963-1965., Inst Mar Res, Lysekil, Ser Biol Rep, 18, 139
  6. B-O Jansson, 1972, Ecosystem Approach to the Baltic Problem., Swedish Natural Science Res Com, Bull Ecol Res Com, 16, 82
  7. RB Sewell, 1948, The free-swimming planktonic Copepoda, Systematic account., Sc. Rep, 1
  8. R Elmgren, 1975, Benthic meiofauna as indicator of oxygen conditions in the northern Baltic proper., Merentutkimuslait Julk/Havsforskningsinst Skr, 239, 265
  9. J Rokicka-Praxmajer, 1998, Meiobenthic communities of the Pomeranian Bay (southern Baltic): effects of proximity to river discharge., Oceanologia, 40, 243
  10. E Jończyk, 1984, Temporal changes in sand meiofauna of a southern Baltic beach., Limnologica (Berlin), 15, 421
  11. J Rokicka-Praxmajer, 2002, Free-living nematodes of the Pomeranian Bay (southern Baltic). Part 1. A preliminary analysis of nematode variability in an area affected by direct river runoff., Acta Sci Pol, Ser Piscaria, 1, 85
  12. J Kisielewski, 1997, Brzuchorzeski (Gastrotricha)., Fauna Slodkowodna Polski, 31
  13. L Reimer, 1963, Zur Verbreitung der Kinorhyncha in der mittleren Ostsee., Zool Anz, 171, 440
  14. T Sywula, 1966, Ostracods and copepods from Gdańsk Bay and adjacent coastal water-bodies., Prz Zool, 10
  15. G Arlt, 1983, Taxonomy and ecology of some harpacticoids (Crustacea, Copepoda) in the Baltic Sea and Kattegat., Zool Jb Syst, 110, 45
  16. I Drzycimski, 1967, Harpacticoida (Copepoda) new for the fauna of Poland., Fragm Faun, 13
  17. I Drzycimski, 1974, The Harpacticoida (Copepoda) of the Baltic coastal waters., Fragm Faun, 20
  18. I Drzycimski, 1975, Copepod harpacticoid species new for southern Baltic fauna., Merentutkimuslait Julk/Havsforskningsinst Skr, 239, 41
  19. W Klie, 1929, Die Copepoda Harpacticoida der südlichen und westlichen Ostsee mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sandfauna der Kieler Bucht., Zool Jb Syst, 57, 329
  20. I Bartsch, 1972, Ein Beitrag zur Systematik, Biologie und Ökologie der Halacaridae (Acari) aus dem Litoral der Nord- und Ostsee. I. Systematik und Biologie., Abh Verh Naturwiss Ver Hamburg (NF), 16, 155
  21. K Möbius, 1873, Die wirbellosen Thiere der Ostsee., Jahresbericht der Kommission zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere in Kiel, 1, 97
  22. K Möbius, 1884, Nachtrag zu dem im Jahre 1873 erschienenen Verzeichnis der wirbellosen Thiere der Ostsee., Vierter Bericht der Commission zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere in Kiel für die Jahre 1877 bis 1881 (7.-11. Jahrgang) 4 (3. Abteilung), 62
  23. H Lenz, 1875, Die wirbellosen Tiere der Travemünder Bucht., Jahresbericht der Kommission zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung der deutschen Meere in Kiel (Anhang 1 zum Jahresbericht 1874), 4, 1
  24. O Nordquist, 1890, Bidrag till kännedomen om Bottniska vikens och norra Östersjöns evertebratfauna., Meddelanden af Societas pro Fauna et Flora Fennica, 17, 83
  25. J Reibisch, 1902, Die Ostsee-Expedition 1901 des Deutschen Seefischerei-Vereins. IV. Wirbellose Bodentiere., Abhandlungen des Deutschen Seefischerei-Vereins, 7, 142
  26. NM Knipowitsch, 1909, Otcetch o rabotach v Baltijskom morje N.M. Knipowitscha i S.A. Pawlowitscha ljetom 1908 g. po sobiraniju morskoi fauny dlja Zoologiceskago Museja Imperatorskoi Akademii Nauk., Annuaire du Musee Zoologique de l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St.-Petersbourg, 14, 131
  27. CGJ Petersen, 1913, Valuation of the Sea II. The animal communities of the sea-bottom and their importance for marine zoogeography., Report of the Danish Biological Station to the Ministry of Fisheries, 21, 3
  28. C Hessle, 1923, Undersökningar rörande bottnen och bottenfaunan i farvatten vid Gotland och Öland., Meddelanden fran Kungliga Lantbruksstyrelsen, 243, 144
  29. C Hessle, 1924, Bottenbonitoringar i inre Östersjön., Meddelanden fran Kungliga Lantbruksstyrelsen, 250, 1
  30. G Thulin, 1924, Bottenboniteringar i södra Östersjön i samband med fisktralningar., Svenska hydrogr-biol Kommn Skr, 6, 1
  31. A Hagmeier, 1930, Die Bodenfauna der Ostsee im April 1929 nebst einigen Vergleichen mit April 1925 und Juli 1926., Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Kommision für Meeresforschung NF, 5, 156
  32. SG Segerstråle, 1933, Studien zur Bodentierwelt in süd-finnländischen Küstengewässern. II. Übersicht über die Bodentierwelt, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Produktionsverhältnisse., Commentationes Biologicae Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 4, 1
  33. EJ Valovirta, 1935, Über die Verbreitung einiger Bodentiere im Bottnischen Meerbusen., Annales Zoologici Societatis Zoologicae Botanicae Vanamo, 1, 12
  34. R Kändler, 1938, Einige Ergebnisse der Untersuchungsfahrten mit dem Reichsforschungsdampfer “Poseidon” in der westlichen Ostsee 1938., Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Kommission für Meeresforschung NF, 9, 541
  35. RJ Diaz, 1995, Marine benthic hypoxia: A review of its ecological effects and the behavioural responses of benthic macrofauna., Oceanogr Mar Biol Ann Rev, 33, 245
  36. 2007, HELCOM Red list of threatened and declining species of lampreys and fish of the Baltic Sea., Baltic Sea Environ Proc, No.109, 40
  37. K Adjers, 2006, Trends in fish stocks of the Baltic Sea., Boreal Environ Res, 11, 13
  38. Lang, 2000, Diseases and parasites of Baltic fish., ICES CRR, 241, 201
  39. M Eero, 2007, Development of international fisheries for cod (Gadus morhua) in the eastern Baltic Sea during 1880–1938., Fish Res, 87, 155
  40. E Bonsdorff, 2006, Zoobenthic diversity-gradients in the Baltic Sea: Countinuous post-glacial succession in a stressed ecosystem., J Exp Mar Biol Ecol, 330, 383, 10.1016/j.jembe.2005.12.041 · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 362

Related

Metadata

Authors
Ojaveer, H., Jaanus, A., MacKenzie, B. R., Martin, G., Olenin, S., Radziejewska, T., Telesh, I., Zettler, M. L., & Zaiko, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Tartu (EE)
  • Technical University of Denmark (DK)
  • Klaipėda University (LT)
  • University of Szczecin (PL)
  • Russian Academy of Sciences (RU)
  • Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (DE)
Corresponding author
  • Ojaveer, Henn
  • Jaanus, Andres
  • MacKenzie, Brian R.
  • Martin, Georg
  • Olenin, Sergej
  • Radziejewska, Teresa
  • Telesh, Irena
  • Zettler, Michael L.
  • Zaiko, Anastasija
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2010-09-01
Volume
5
Issue
9
Pages
e12467
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0012467
PMC
PMC2931693
OpenAlex
W2146338434
Cited by
362
References
149
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 11
FWCI
11.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
  • European Commission (EU-FP7, 212085)
  • Total Foundation
  • Russian Academy of Sciences
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Biology and Ecology Research
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and environmental studies
Keywords
species richness, brackish water, endemic species, species immigration, long-term ecological monitoring, plankton, benthos, fish, salinity, Kattegat, climate change impacts, anthropogenic impacts, parasites, meiofauna, foraminifera
MeSH terms
Animals, Europe, Fishes, Marine Biology, Oceans and Seas, Phytoplankton, Population Dynamics, Seawater, Zooplankton, Biodiversity, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review