Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 42

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Male-Mediated Gene Flow in Patrilocal Primates

Schubert, Grit, Stoneking, Colin J., Arandjelovic, Mimi, Boesch, Christophe, Eckhardt, Nadin, Hohmann, Gottfried, Langergraber, Kevin, Lukas, Dieter, Vigilant, Linda·2011·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021514PMC PMC3128582
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0021514

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 Geographical locations of genotyped individuals from social groups of western chimpanzees and bonobos. Western chimpanzee samples were collected within Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, and bonobo samples at the border of Salonga National Park, DRC. Labels designate known (C1, East, Middle, North, South) and assumed (C2–6, G2, G4, GTZ, Meteo, N1– 2) social groups. The Central Region in Taï National Park represents a geographically limited subsample of chimpanzee groups analyzed in addition to the full data set (see also Table 1 and 2). Y-chromosomal data from bonobo group C3 were taken from [61], while autosomal data were not available for that group. Sample sizes of individuals with an estimated minimum age of 5 for each group are the following (females typed at autosomal loci/males typed at autosomal loci/males typed at Y-chromosomal loci): bonobo, C1 (17/11/10), C2 (14/10/15), C3 (0/0/6), C4 (12/9/6), C5 (4/3/2), C6 (8/3/3); chimpanzee, East (8/10/8), G2 (10/7/7), G4 (4/3/3), GTZ (3/8/6), Meteo (13/6/3), Middle (7/4/4), N1 (2/2/2), N2 (6/2/2), North (14/9/4), South (31/26/15).
Figure 1 Geographical locations of genotyped individuals from social groups of western chimpanzees and bonobos. Western chimpanzee samples were collected within Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, and bonobo samples at the border of Salonga National Park, DRC. Labels designate known (C1, East, Middle, North, South) and assumed (C2–6, G2, G4, GTZ, Meteo, N1– 2) social groups. The Central Region in Taï National Park represents a geographically limited subsample of chimpanzee groups analyzed in addition to the full data set (see also Table 1 and 2). Y-chromosomal data from bonobo group C3 were taken from [61], while autosomal data were not available for that group. Sample sizes of individuals with an estimated minimum age of 5 for each group are the following (females typed at autosomal loci/males typed at autosomal loci/males typed at Y-chromosomal loci): bonobo, C1 (17/11/10), C2 (14/10/15), C3 (0/0/6), C4 (12/9/6), C5 (4/3/2), C6 (8/3/3); chimpanzee, East (8/10/8), G2 (10/7/7), G4 (4/3/3), GTZ (3/8/6), Meteo (13/6/3), Middle (7/4/4), N1 (2/2/2), N2 (6/2/2), North (14/9/4), South (31/26/15).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Simulations of Y–chromosomal variation in social groups of western chimpanzees and bonobos. Using empirically–based levels of reproductive skew, mutation rates and group sizes, we examined levels of haplotype diversity in terms of (A), number of haplotypes and (B), maximum number of mutational steps between Y–haplotypes that might arise within groups in the absence male–mediated gene flow. (A), the proportion of groups with more than one Y–haplotype and (B), the simulated maximum number of mutations possible between Y–haplotypes within groups increases with the number of males in the group. White bars indicate bonobos, grey bars indicate chimpanzees. Maximum numbers of mutations are only shown if observed in >1% of simulated groups. Average number of reproducing males in the habituated study groups = 9. Error bars represent ± one standard deviation.
Figure 2 Simulations of Y–chromosomal variation in social groups of western chimpanzees and bonobos. Using empirically–based levels of reproductive skew, mutation rates and group sizes, we examined levels of haplotype diversity in terms of (A), number of haplotypes and (B), maximum number of mutational steps between Y–haplotypes that might arise within groups in the absence male–mediated gene flow. (A), the proportion of groups with more than one Y–haplotype and (B), the simulated maximum number of mutations possible between Y–haplotypes within groups increases with the number of males in the group. White bars indicate bonobos, grey bars indicate chimpanzees. Maximum numbers of mutations are only shown if observed in >1% of simulated groups. Average number of reproducing males in the habituated study groups = 9. Error bars represent ± one standard deviation.CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 2 references

Research works printed but not linked: 85

  1. AE Pusey, 1996, Inbreeding avoidance in animals., Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 11, 201, 10.1016/0169-5347(96)10028-8 · DOI
  2. LJL Lawson Handley, 2007, Advances in our understanding of mammalian sex-biased dispersal., Molecular Ecology, 16, 1559, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.03152.x · DOI
  3. J Clobert, 2001, Dispersal., 10.1093/oso/9780198506607.001.0001 · DOI
  4. WD Hamilton, 1964, The genetical evolution of social behaviour II., Journal of Theoretical Biology, 7, 17, 10.1016/0022-5193(64)90039-6 · DOI
  5. PJ Greenwood, 1980, Mating systems, philopatry and dispersal in birds and mammals., Animal Behaviour, 28, 1140, 10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80103-5 · DOI
  6. JB Silk, 2003, Social bonds of female baboons enhance infant survival., Science, 302, 1231, 10.1126/science.1088580 · DOI · Paper page
  7. GF McCracken, 1981, Social organization and kinship in the polygynous bat Phyllostomus hastatus., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 8, 11, 10.1007/BF00302840 · DOI
  8. L Favre, 1997, Female-biased dispersal in the monogamous mammal Crocidura russula: evidence from field data and microsatellite patterns., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 264, 127, 10.1098/rspb.1997.0019 · DOI
  9. KB Strier, 1990, New World primates, new frontiers: Insights from the woolly spider monkey, or muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides)., International Journal of Primatology, 11, 7, 10.1007/BF02193693 · DOI
  10. MM Symington, 1987, Sex ratio and maternal rank in wild spider monkeys: When daughters disperse., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 20, 421, 10.1007/BF00302985 · DOI
  11. L Fedigan, 1984, Sex differences and social organization in free-ranging spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi)., Primates, 25, 279, 10.1007/BF02382267 · DOI
  12. A Nishimura, 2003, Reproductive parameters of wild female Lagothrix lagotricha., International Journal of Primatology, 24, 707, 10.1023/A:1024681703616 · DOI
  13. RL Hammond, 2006, Genetic evidence for female-biased dispersal and gene flow in a polygynous primate., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 273, 479, 10.1098/rspb.2005.3257 · DOI
  14. T Kano, 1982, The social group of pygmy chimpanzees (Pan paniscus)., Primates, 23, 171, 10.1007/BF02381159 · DOI
  15. GP Murdock, 1981, Atlas of World Cultures, 10.2307/jj.13110803 · DOI
  16. L Rodseth, 1991, The human community as a primate society., Current Anthropology, 32, 221, 10.1086/203952 · DOI
  17. A Di Fiore, 2003, Molecular genetic approaches to the study of primate behavior, social organization, and reproduction., American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 122, 62, 10.1002/ajpa.10382 · DOI
  18. RW DeYoung, 2005, The molecular toolbox: Genetic techniques in wildlife ecology and management., Journal of Wildlife Management, 69, 1362, 10.2193/0022-541X(2005)69[1362:TMTGTI]2.0.CO;2 · DOI
  19. B Gauffre, 2009, Sex-biased dispersal patterns depend on the spatial scale in a social rodent., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 276, 3487, 10.1098/rspb.2009.0881 · DOI
  20. A Coulon, 2006, Dispersal is not female biased in a resource-defence mating ungulate, the European roe deer., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 273, 341, 10.1098/rspb.2005.3329 · DOI
  21. K Guschanski, 2008, Females shape the genetic structure of a gorilla population., Current Biology, 18, 1809, 10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.031 · DOI
  22. A Di Fiore, 2009, Dispersal patterns in sympatric woolly and spider monkeys: integrating molecular and observational data., Behaviour, 146, 437, 10.1163/156853909X426345 · DOI
  23. B Wimmer, 2002, The genetic population structure of the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus), a basal primate from Madagascar., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 52, 166, 10.1007/s00265-002-0497-8 · DOI
  24. DJ Melnick, 1993, MtDNA diversity in rhesus monkeys reveals overestimates of divergence time and paraphyly with neighboring species., Molecular Biology and Evolution, 10, 282
  25. JF Wilkins, 2006, Sex-biased migration in humans: what should we expect from genetic data?, BioEssays, 28, 290, 10.1002/bies.20378 · DOI · Paper page
  26. KM Jack, 2009, Female dispersal in a female-philopatric species, Cebus capucinus., Behaviour, 146, 471, 10.1163/156853909X404420 · DOI
  27. M Nagy, 2007, Female-biased dispersal and patrilocal kin groups in a mammal with resource-defence polygyny., Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences, 274, 3019, 10.1098/rspb.2007.1008 · DOI
  28. KE Holekamp, 1984, Natal dispersal in Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi)., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 16, 21, 10.1007/BF00293100 · DOI
  29. TR Harris, 2009, Neither genetic nor observational data alone are sufficient for understanding sex-biased dispersal in a social-group-living species., Molecular Ecology, 18, 1777, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04139.x · DOI
  30. RC Van Horn, 2007, Divided destinies: group choice by female savannah baboons during social group fission., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 61, 1823, 10.1007/s00265-007-0415-1 · DOI
  31. K Isvaran, 2007, Ecological correlates of extra-group paternity in mammals., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274, 219, 10.1098/rspb.2006.3723 · DOI
  32. J Ostner, 2008, Female reproductive synchrony predicts skewed paternity across primates., Behavioral Ecology, 19, 1150, 10.1093/beheco/arn093 · DOI
  33. NE Newton-Fisher, 1999, Infant killers of Budongo., Folia Primatologica, 70, 167, 10.1159/000021690 · DOI
  34. DP Watts, 2001, Boundary patrols and intergroup encounters in wild chimpanzees., Behaviour, 138, 299, 10.1163/15685390152032488 · DOI · Paper page
  35. C Boesch, 2008, Intergroup conflicts among chimpanzees in Taï National Park: lethal violence and the female perspective., American Journal of Primatology, 70, 519, 10.1002/ajp.20524 · DOI · Paper page
  36. G Idani, 1990, Relations between unit-groups of bonobos at Wamba, Zaire: Encounters and temporary fusions., African Study Monographs, 11, 153
  37. G Hohmann, 2001, Association and social interactions between strangers and residents in bonobos (Pan paniscus)., Primates, 42, 91, 10.1007/BF02640692 · DOI
  38. T Nishida, 1985, Group extinction and female transfer in wild chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania., Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 67, 281, 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1985.tb01395.x · DOI
  39. M Emery-Thompson, 2006, Probable community transfer of parous adult female chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda., International Journal of Primatology, 27, 1601, 10.1007/s10764-006-9098-0 · DOI
  40. C Boesch, 2009, The Real Chimpanzee: Sex Strategies in the Forest., 10.1017/CBO9780511627132 · DOI
  41. ML Wilson, 2003, Intergroup relations in chimpanzees., Annual Review of Anthropology, 32, 363, 10.1146/annurev.anthro.32.061002.120046 · DOI
  42. SW Townsend, 2007, Female-led infanticide in wild chimpanzees., Current Biology, 17, R355, 10.1016/j.cub.2007.03.020 · DOI
  43. C Boesch, 2006, Male competition and paternity in wild chimpanzees of the Taï Forest., American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 130, 103, 10.1002/ajpa.20341 · DOI
  44. L Vigilant, 2001, Paternity and relatedness in wild chimpanzee communities., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98, 12890, 10.1073/pnas.231320498 · DOI
  45. U Gerloff, 1999, Intracommunity relationships, dispersal pattern and paternity success in a wild living community of Bonobos (Pan paniscus) determined from DNA analysis of faecal samples., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 266, 1189, 10.1098/rspb.1999.0762 · DOI
  46. EE Wroblewski, 2009, Male dominance rank and reproductive success in chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii., Animal Behaviour, 77, 873, 10.1016/j.anbehav.2008.12.014 · DOI · Paper page
  47. NE Newton-Fisher, 2010, Paternity and social rank in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) from the Budongo Forest, Uganda., American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 142, 417, 10.1002/ajpa.21241 · DOI
  48. PA Morin, 1994, Kin selection, social structure, gene flow, and the evolution of chimpanzees., Science, 265, 1193, 10.1126/science.7915048 · DOI
  49. J Eriksson, 2004, Rivers influence the population genetic structure of bonobos (Pan paniscus)., Molecular Ecology, 13, 3425, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02332.x · DOI
  50. J Eriksson, 2006, Y-chromosome analysis confirms highly sex-biased dispersal and suggests a low male effective population size in bonobos (Pan paniscus)., Molecular Ecology, 15, 939, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.02845.x · DOI
  51. KE Langergraber, 2007, The genetic signature of sex-biased migration in patrilocal chimpanzees and humans., PLoS One, 2, 1, 10.1371/journal.pone.0000973 · DOI · Paper page
  52. D Lukas, 2005, To what extent does living in a group mean living with kin?, Molecular Ecology, 14, 2181, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02560.x · DOI
  53. AM Nsubuga, 2004, Factors affecting the amount of genomic DNA extracted from ape faeces and the identification of an improved sample storage method., Molecular Ecology, 13, 2089, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02207.x · DOI
  54. G Hohmann, 2003, LuiKotal – a new site for field research on bonobos in the Salonga National Park., Pan African News, 10, 25, 10.5134/143430 · DOI
  55. PA Morin, 2001, Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of DNA from noninvasive samples for accurate microsatellite genotyping of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus)., Molecular Ecology, 10, 1835, 10.1046/j.0962-1083.2001.01308.x · DOI
  56. C Packer, 2005, Ecological change, group territoriality, and population dynamics in Serengeti lions., Science, 307, 390, 10.1126/science.1105122 · DOI
  57. BJ Bradley, 2001, Accurate DNA-based sex identification of apes using non-invasive samples., Conservation Genetics, 2, 179, 10.1023/A:1011847528045 · DOI
  58. M Arandjelovic, 2009, Two-step multiplex polymerase chain reaction improves the speed and accuracy of genotyping using DNA from noninvasive and museum samples., Molecular Ecology Resources, 9, 28, 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02387.x · DOI
  59. M Arandjelovic, 2011, Non-invasive genetic monitoring of wild central chimpanzees., PLoS ONE, 6, e14761, 10.1371/journal.pone.0014761 · DOI
  60. ST Kalinowski, 2007, Revising how the computer program CERVUS accommodates genotyping error increases success in paternity assignment., Molecular Ecology, 16, 1099, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03089.x · DOI
  61. L Excoffier, 2005, ARLEQUIN (version 3.0): an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis., Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online, 1, 47
  62. S Wright, 1943, Isolation by distance., Genetics, 28, 114, 10.1093/genetics/28.2.114 · DOI
  63. PW Hedrick, 2005, A standardized genetic differentiation measure., Evolution, 59, 1633, 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2005.tb01814.x · DOI
  64. PG Meirmans, 2006, Using the AMOVA framework to estimate a standardized genetic differentiation measure., Evolution, 60, 2399, 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01874.x · DOI
  65. IJ Wilson, 2003, Inferences from DNA data: population histories, evolutionary processes and forensic match probabilities., Journal of the Royal Statistical Society A: Statistics in Society, 166, 155, 10.1111/1467-985X.00264 · DOI
  66. M Kayser, 2006, Microsatellite length differences between humans and chimpanzees at autosomal loci are not found at aquivalent haploid Y chromosomal loci., Genetics, 173, 2179, 10.1534/genetics.106.055632 · DOI
  67. J Altmann, 1996, Behavior predicts genes structure in a wild primate group., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 93, 5797, 10.1073/pnas.93.12.5797 · DOI
  68. MI Douadi, 2007, Sex-biased dispersal in western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)., Molecular Ecology, 16, 2247, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03286.x · DOI
  69. U Radespiel, 2008, Natural and anthropogenic determinants of genetic structure in the largest remaining population of the endangered golden-brown mouse lemur, Microcebus ravelobensis., American Journal of Primatology, 70, 860, 10.1002/ajp.20574 · DOI
  70. M Pilot, 2006, Ecological factors influence population genetic structure of European grey wolves., Molecular Ecology, 15, 4533, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.03110.x · DOI
  71. J Hey, 2010, The divergence of chimpanzee species and subspecies as revealed in multipopulation isolation-with-migration analyses., Molecular Biology and Evolution, 27, 921, 10.1093/molbev/msp298 · DOI · Paper page
  72. D Wegmann, 2010, Bayesian inference of the demographic history of chimpanzees., Molecular Biology and Evolution, 27, 1425, 10.1093/molbev/msq028 · DOI
  73. MA Cant, 2001, Eviction and dispersal in co-operatively breeding banded mongooses (Mungos mungo)., Journal of Zoology, 254, 155, 10.1017/S0952836901000668 · DOI
  74. LM Möller, 2004, Genetic evidence for sex-biased dispersal in resident bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus)., Molecular Ecology, 13, 1607, 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02137.x · DOI
  75. RA Sweitzer, 1998, Evidence for female-biased dispersal in North American porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum)., Journal of Zoology, 244, 159, 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00021.x · DOI
  76. A Natoli, 2005, Habitat structure and the dispersal of male and female bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 272, 1217, 10.1098/rspb.2005.3076 · DOI
  77. B Goossens, 1998, Extra-pair paternity in the monogamous Alpine marmot revealed by nuclear DNA microsatellite analysis., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 43, 281, 10.1007/s002650050492 · DOI
  78. J Fietz, 2000, High rates of extra-pair young in the pair-living fat-tailed dwarf lemur, Cheirogaleus medius., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 49, 8, 10.1007/s002650000269 · DOI
  79. J Munshi-South, 2007, Extra-pair paternity and the evolution of testis size in a behaviorally monogamous tropical mammal, the large treeshrew., Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 62, 201, 10.1007/s00265-007-0454-7 · DOI
  80. AJ Young, 2007, Subordinate male meerkats prospect for extra-group paternity: alternative reproductive tactics in a cooperative mammal., Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 274, 1603, 10.1098/rspb.2007.0316 · DOI
  81. CD Soulsbury, 2010, Genetic patterns of paternity and testes size in mammals., PLoS One, 5, 1, 10.1371/journal.pone.0009581 · DOI
  82. TH Clutton-Brock, 2006, Paternity loss in contrasting mammalian societies., Biology Letters, 2, 513, 10.1098/rsbl.2006.0531 · DOI
  83. FW Marlowe, 2004, Marital residence among foragers., Current Anthropology, 45, 277, 10.1086/382256 · DOI · Paper page
  84. G Hohmann, 2003, Culture in bonobos? Between-species and within-species variation in behavior., Current Anthropology, 44, 563, 10.1086/377649 · DOI
  85. A Whiten, 1999, Cultures in chimpanzees., Nature, 399, 682, 10.1038/21415 · DOI

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Schubert, G., Stoneking, C. J., Arandjelovic, M., Boesch, C., Eckhardt, N., Hohmann, G., Langergraber, K., Lukas, D., & Vigilant, L.
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2011-07-01
Volume
6
Issue
7
Pages
e21514
ISSN
1932-6203
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0021514
PMC
PMC3128582
Cited by
42
References
2
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review