Increased constituent ratios of Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Streptococcus sp. and a decrease in microflora diversity may be indicators of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective study in the respiratory tracts of neonates
Open accessAbstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common complication and cause of death in neonates on mechanical ventilation. However, it is difficult to define the causes of VAP. To understand the causes of VAP, we undertook a prospective study based on the diversity of the microflora in VAP. The experimental group consisted of newborns who suffered from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and VAP, while the control group suffered from RDS without VAP. Sputa were collected within 1, 3, and 5 days of ventilation and were divided into six groups. DNA was extracted from the samples, and the 16S rDNA was PCR amplified, separated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), cloned and sequenced. The resulting sequences were compared using BLAST. The DGGE pictures were measured, and the richness, Shannon-Wiener index, and cluster maps were analyzed. No differences were found regarding the constituent ratio of any genus between the Non-VAP and VAP group within 1 day after intubation. After 1 to 3 days, the constituent ratios of Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Streptococcus sp. in the VAP group were higher than those in the Non-VAP group, and the ratios of Serratia sp. and Achromobacter sp. were lower. After 3 to 5 days, the ratios of Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., Serratia sp., and Achromobacter sp. were lower than those in the Non-VAP group. The richness and Shannon-Wiener index of the Non-VAP group were higher than those of the VAP group from 1 to 3 days after intubation, while no differences were found within 1 day and from 3 to 5 days. We conclude that during the first three days of intubation, the microflora diversity in the lower respiratory tract was reduced due to VAP, and the greater constituent ratios of Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Streptococcus sp. in the sputum may be indicators of VAP.
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The predicted effect of ecological forces in the lungs of critically ill patients is a state of increased immigration, decreased elimination, and favourable growth conditions for potential pathogens.
“The predicted effect of these ecological forces in the lungs, therefore, is a state of increased immigration, decreased elimination, and favourable growth conditions for potential pathogens.”
From The microbiome and critical illness (2016) · cites this paper as [83]
Bacterial pneumonia is characterised by increased bacterial burden and low community diversity, generally one dominant pathogen.
“Bacterial pneumonia, a true lung infection, exemplifies these features: it is characterised by increased bacterial burden and low community diversity (generally one dominant pathogen).”
From The microbiome and critical illness (2016) · cites this paper as [83]
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- Authors
- Lu, W., Yu, J., Ai, Q., Liu, D., Song, C., & Li, L.
- Affiliations
- Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Yu, Jialin
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-02-20
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e87504
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3930531
- OpenAlex
- W2035548107
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2014-08-12)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Chongqing Medical University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Keywords
- ventilator-associated pneumonia, neonates, mechanical ventilation, airway microbiome, bacterial diversity, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, Serratia, Achromobacter, respiratory distress syndrome, sputum, 16S rRNA gene
- MeSH terms
- Acinetobacter, Analysis of Variance, Base Sequence, Cloning, Molecular, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Klebsiella, Molecular Sequence Data, Prospective Studies, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Sputum, Streptococcus, Sequence Analysis, DNA, DNA Primers, Biodiversity, Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Microbiota
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