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Cited by 90Birth, Development, and HealthGestational Diabetes Research and ManagementDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Effects of Maternal Diet and Exercise during Pregnancy on Glucose Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle and Fat of Weanling Rats

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Raipuria, Mukesh, Bahari, Hasnah, Morris, Margaret J.·2015·PLOS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0120980PMC PMC4390148
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Abstract

Obesity during pregnancy contributes to the development of metabolic disorders in offspring. Maternal exercise may limit gestational weight gain and ameliorate these programming effects. We previously showed benefits of post-weaning voluntary exercise in offspring from obese dams. Here we examined whether voluntary exercise during pregnancy influences lipid and glucose homeostasis in muscle and fat in offspring of both lean and obese dams. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed chow (C) or high fat (F) diet for 6 weeks before mating. Half underwent voluntary exercise (CE/FE) with a running wheel introduced 10 days prior to mating and available until the dams delivered; others remained sedentary (CS/FS). Male and female pups were killed at postnatal day (PND)19 and retroperitoneal fat and gastrocnemius muscle were collected for gene expression. Lean and obese dams achieved similar modest levels of exercise. At PND1, both male and female pups from exercised lean dams were significantly lighter (CE versus CS), with no effect in those from obese dams. At PND19, maternal obesity significantly increased offspring body weight and adiposity, with no effect of maternal exercise. Exercise significantly reduced insulin concentrations in males (CE/FE versus CS/FS), with reduced glucose in male FE pups. In males, maternal obesity significantly decreased muscle myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1) and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) mRNA expressions (FS vs CS); these were normalized by exercise. Maternal exercise upregulated adipose GLUT4, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) mRNA expression in offspring of dams consuming chow. Modest voluntary exercise during pregnancy was associated with lower birth weight in pups from lean dams. Maternal exercise appeared to decrease the metabolic risk induced by maternal obesity, improving insulin/glucose metabolism, with greater effects in male than female offspring.

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  • Programmed changes in offspring adipose biology may be permanent, as an exercise intervention in mothers fed a high-fat diet did not prevent the increased adiposity or trigger beneficial changes in insulin signaling component expression in their fetuses.

    “some research suggests that programmed changes in offspring adipose biology may be permanent, as an exercise intervention in mothers fed a high-fat diet did not prevent the increased adiposity or trigger beneficial changes in insulin signaling component expression in their fetuses [95].”

    From Developmental programming of offspring adipose tissue biology and obesity risk (2021) · cites this paper as [95]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Raipuria, M., Bahari, H., & Morris, M. J.
Affiliations
  • UNSW Sydney (AU)
  • Universiti Putra Malaysia (MY)
Corresponding author
Morris, Margaret J.
ORCID
Venue
PLOS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2015-04-08
Volume
10
Issue
4
Pages
e0120980
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0120980
PMC
PMC4390148
OpenAlex
W2019155361
Cited by
90
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4
FWCI
9.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
  • University of New South Wales
  • Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • Medical Research Council
  • National Health and Medical Research Council (568728)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
maternal obesity, exercise during pregnancy, maternal diet, high-fat diet, gestational weight gain, insulin resistance, GLUT4, MyoD, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, PGC-1α, interleukin-6, TNF-α, birth weight, sex differences, developmental programming, weanling rats
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Animals, Diet, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Glucose, Hormones, Insulin, Male, Mothers, Obesity, Organ Size, Phenotype, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Pregnancy, Triglycerides, Weaning, Biomarkers, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats, Adipose Tissue, White

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