The relationship between neuroticism, hopelessness, and depression in older Korean immigrants
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PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between neuroticism, hopelessness, and depression among older Korean immigrants. To extend this line of research, this study aimed to examine the effects of neuroticism and hopelessness in predicting depression among older Korean immigrants. METHODS: Data for this study came from a survey of 220 first generation Korean immigrants aged 65 years or older in Los Angeles County in 2012. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews with trained social workers using a structured questionnaire translated into Korean. All interviews were conducted in Korean. The neuroticism sub-scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire was used to assess neuroticism (EPQN). Hopelessness was measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). Depression was measured by the 20-item Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. RESULTS: The study found that age (β = .26, p< .01), gender (β = -.13, p< .01), income (β = -.13, p< .01), neuroticism (β = .51, p< .01), and hopelessness (β = .15, p< .01) were significant predictors of depression. CONCLUSION: The study provides preventive strategies that would help in the development of depression-reduction services or programs for the population, especially for those living with neuroticism and hopelessness.
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Workers experiencing high levels of burnout were more likely to feel hopeless.
“Research indicates that workers experiencing high levels of burnout were more likely to feel hopeless”
From Evolution of burnout syndrome in Spanish healthcare professionals during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: psychosocial variables involved (2025) · cites this paper as [16]
The Methods > Measures section assesses hopelessness in older Korean immigrants, and the Discussion > Hopelessness and Depression section relates it to depression and economic hardship. Searches for burnout among workers and occupational burnout found no passage addressing whether workers with higher burnout were more likely to feel hopeless. No page numbers were provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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- Authors
- Kim, B. J., Linton, K., Cho, S., & Ha, J.-H.
- Affiliations
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- California State University, Channel Islands (US)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Bum Jung
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-01-04
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e0145520
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4699713
- OpenAlex
- W2230037888
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 4.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- neuroticism, hopelessness, depression, personality traits, risk factors for depression, Korean Americans, immigrant mental health, depression prevention
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Neurotic Disorders, Los Angeles, Emigrants and Immigrants, Republic of Korea, Hope
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