Diaryl Disulfides as Novel Stabilizers of Tumor Suppressor Pdcd4
Open accessAbstract
The translation inhibitor and tumor suppressor Pdcd4 was reported to be lost in various tumors and put forward as prognostic marker in tumorigenesis. Decreased Pdcd4 protein stability due to PI3K-mTOR-p70S6K1 dependent phosphorylation of Pdcd4 followed by β-TrCP1-mediated ubiquitination, and proteasomal destruction of the protein was characterized as a major mechanism contributing to the loss of Pdcd4 expression in tumors. In an attempt to identify stabilizers of Pdcd4, we used a luciferase-based high-throughput compatible cellular assay to monitor phosphorylation-dependent proteasomal degradation of Pdcd4 in response to mitogen stimulation. Following a screen of approximately 2000 compounds, we identified 1,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)disulfide as a novel Pdcd4 stabilizer. To determine an initial structure-activity relationship, we used 3 additional compounds, synthesized according to previous reports, and 2 commercially available compounds for further testing, in which either the linker between the aryls was modified (compounds 2-4) or the chlorine residues were replaced by groups with different electronic properties (compounds 5 and 6). We observed that those compounds with alterations in the sulfide linker completely lost the Pdcd4 stabilizing potential. In contrast, modifications in the chlorine residues showed only minor effects on the Pdcd4 stabilizing activity. A reporter with a mutated phospho-degron verified the specificity of the compounds for stabilizing the Pdcd4 reporter. Interestingly, the active diaryl disulfides inhibited proliferation and viability at concentrations where they stabilized Pdcd4, suggesting that Pdcd4 stabilization might contribute to the anti-proliferative properties. Finally, computational modelling indicated that the flexibility of the disulfide linker might be necessary to exert the biological functions of the compounds, as the inactive compound appeared to be energetically more restricted.
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Diaryl disulfides stabilize PDCD4 protein.
“They have identified diaryl disulfides [98] and isolated tricyclic guanidine alkaloids from the marine animal sponge [99] as the PDCD4-protein stabilizer (Table 3).”
From Control Mechanisms of the Tumor Suppressor PDCD4: Expression and Functions (2019) · cites this paper as [98]
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- Authors
- Schmid, T., Blees, J. S., Bajer, M. M., Wild, J., Pescatori, L., Cuzzucoli Crucitti, G., Scipione, L., Costi, R., Henrich, C. J., Brüne, B., Colburn, N. H., & Di Santo, R.
- Affiliations
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Istituto Pasteur (IT)
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schmid, Tobias
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-03-16
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e0151643
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4794182
- OpenAlex
- W2298225921
- Cited by
- 10
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- public-domain
- creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (vor)
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (HHSN261200800001E.)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHM2663, HHSN261200800001E, GRK1172, SCHM 2663/3)
- National Institutes of Health (#HHSN261200800001E, HHSN261200800001C)
- National Cancer Institute (HHSN261200800001E))
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Degradation and Inhibitors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- PDCD4, diaryl disulfides, protein stabilization, tumor suppressor, β-TrCP1, proteasomal degradation, structure-activity relationship, antiproliferative activity, structure-based drug design
- MeSH terms
- Cell Cycle, Humans, Structure-Activity Relationship, Sulfides, RNA-Binding Proteins, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, HEK293 Cells
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