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The effect of age on the intestinal mucus thickness, microbiota composition and immunity in relation to sex in mice
Open accessAbstract
A mucus layer covers and protects the intestinal epithelial cells from direct contact with microbes. This mucus layer not only prevents inflammation but also plays an essential role in microbiota colonization, indicating the complex interplay between mucus composition-microbiota and intestinal health. However, it is unknown whether the mucus layer is influenced by age or sex and whether this contributes to reported differences in intestinal diseases in males and females or with ageing. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effect of age on mucus thickness, intestinal microbiota composition and immune composition in relation to sex. The ageing induced shrinkage of the colonic mucus layer was associated with bacterial penetration and direct contact of bacteria with the epithelium in both sexes. Additionally, several genes involved in the biosynthesis of mucus were downregulated in old mice, especially in males, and this was accompanied by a decrease in abundances of various Lactobacillus species and unclassified Clostridiales type IV and XIV and increase in abundance of the potential pathobiont Bacteroides vulgatus. The changes in mucus and microbiota in old mice were associated with enhanced activation of the immune system as illustrated by a higher percentage of effector T cells in old mice. Our data contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between mucus-microbiota-and immune responses and ultimately may lead to more tailored design of strategies to modulate mucus production in targeted groups.
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“In the aged GI tract, compromised epithelial and mucosal cell turnover, integrity, and function [32, 36, 76, 83] can lead to increased epithelial barrier permeability [19, 75, 118, 120]”
From Fecal microbiota transfer between young and aged mice reverses hallmarks of the aging gut, eye, and brain (2022) · cites this paper as [36]
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Additional file 1 of The pleiotropic effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides on the aging gut
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Additional file 6 of The pleiotropic effects of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides on the aging gut
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Metadata
- Authors
- Elderman, M., Sovran, B., Hugenholtz, F., Graversen, K., Huijskes, M., Houtsma, E., Belzer, C., Boekschoten, M., de Vos, P., Dekker, J., Wells, J., & Faas, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Groningen (NL)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Elderman, Marlies
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2017-09-12
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e0184274
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5595324
- OpenAlex
- W2754189939
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9
- FWCI
- 4.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Top Institute Food and Nutrition (GH002)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Keywords
- aging, sex differences, gut microbiota, colonic mucus layer, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides vulgatus, Clostridiales, effector T cells, intestinal immunity, mice
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Colon, Dendritic Cells, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Intestinal Mucosa, Male, Mucus, Peyer's Patches, Sex Factors, Spleen, T-Lymphocytes, Signal Transduction, Immunity, Mucosal, Gene Expression Profiling, Biodiversity, Mice, Metagenome, Metagenomics, Transcriptome
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