The specificity of attentional biases by type of gambling: An eye-tracking study
Open accessAbstract
A growing body of research indicates that gamblers develop an attentional bias for gambling-related stimuli. Compared to research on substance use, however, few studies have examined attentional biases in gamblers using eye-gaze tracking, which has many advantages over other measures of attention. In addition, previous studies of attentional biases in gamblers have not directly matched type of gambler with personally-relevant gambling cues. The present study investigated the specificity of attentional biases for individual types of gambling using an eye-gaze tracking paradigm. Three groups of participants (poker players, video lottery terminal/slot machine players, and non-gambling controls) took part in one test session in which they viewed 25 sets of four images (poker, VLTs/slot machines, bingo, and board games). Participants' eye fixations were recorded throughout each 8-second presentation of the four images. The results indicated that, as predicted, the two gambling groups preferentially attended to their primary form of gambling, whereas control participants attended to board games more than gambling images. The findings have clinical implications for the treatment of individuals with gambling disorder. Understanding the importance of personally-salient gambling cues will inform the development of effective attentional bias modification treatments for problem gamblers.
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Gamblers display greater attentional bias and fixate their gaze for longer on gambling-related cues.
“Gambling environments are robustly full of cues, such as flashing lights and sounds (Griffiths, 1993; Noseworthy & Finlay, 2009; Parke & Griffiths, 2006), and gamblers have been shown to display greater attentional bias and fixate their gaze for longer on gambling-related cues (Hudson, Olatunji, Gough, Yi, & Stewart, 2016; McGrath, Meitner, & Sears, 2018).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as McGrath, Meitner, & Sears, 2018
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- Authors
- McGrath, D. S., Meitner, A., & Sears, C. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Corresponding author
- McGrath, Daniel S.
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2018-01-31
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e0190614
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5791982
- OpenAlex
- W2786118451
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 5.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Alberta Gambling Research Institute, University of Alberta
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- attentional bias, gambling addiction, problem gamblers, poker, video lottery terminals, slot machines, attentional bias modification, eye fixations, gambling cues
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Eye Movements, Gambling, Humans, Male, Case-Control Studies, Young Adult
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