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Current Trends in Sepsis-Related Mortality in the United States*

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Circulating bioactive adrenomedullin as a marker of sepsis, septic shock and critical illness

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Accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision Codes for Identifying Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Trends in Epidemiology and Microbiology of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children

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Applying Machine Learning to Blood Count Data Predicts Sepsis with ICU Admission

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Epic Sepsis Model Inpatient Predictive Analytic Tool: A Validation Study

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Understanding the biases to sepsis surveillance and quality assurance caused by inaccurate coding in administrative health data

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Septic shock: incidence, mortality and hospital readmission rates in French intensive care units from 2014 to 2018

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Machine Learning Models for Early Prediction of Sepsis on Large Healthcare Datasets

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Epidemiology of Sepsis Among Children and Neonates in Germany: Results From an Observational Study Based on Nationwide Diagnosis-Related Groups Data Between 2010 and 2016*

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Time course of dementia following sepsis in German health claims data

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Sepsis is underreported in Swedish intensive care units: A retrospective observational multicentre study

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Protein Energy Malnutrition Is Associated with Worse Outcomes in Sepsis—A Nationwide Analysis

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Chronic kidney disease and risk of bloodstream infections and sepsis: a 17-year follow-up of the population-based Trøndelag Health Study in Norway

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Aquaporins in sepsis- an update

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Association between sepsis incidence and regional socioeconomic deprivation and health care capacity in Germany – an ecological study

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Artificial Intelligence Applications in Space Medicine

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Gram-negative bloodstream infections and sepsis: risk factors, screening tools and surveillance

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A predictive model for the risk of sepsis within 30 days of admission in patients with traumatic brain injury in the intensive care unit: a retrospective analysis based on MIMIC-IV database

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The Effects of Postacute Rehabilitation on Mortality, Chronic Care Dependency, Health Care Use, and Costs in Sepsis Survivors

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Pediatric Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression, and Catabolism Syndrome Prevalence in Sepsis-Related Mortalities

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Return to work after sepsis—a German population-based health claims study

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Incidence, recurring admissions and mortality of severe bacterial infections and sepsis over a 22-year period in the population-based HUNT study

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Incidence and risk of sepsis following appendectomy: a nationwide population-based cohort study

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Development and validation of an early warning tool for sepsis and decompensation in children during emergency department triage

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Hospital Outcomes in Medical Patients With Alcohol-Related and Non–Alcohol-Related Wernicke Encephalopathy

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Improving transitions and outcomes of sepsis survivors (I-TRANSFER): a type 1 hybrid protocol

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An artificial intelligence-powered learning health system to improve sepsis detection and quality of care: a before-and-after study

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National external quality assessment and direct method comparison reflect crucial deviations of Procalcitonin measurements in Germany

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The Modified Early Warning Score: A Useful Marker of Neurological Worsening but Unreliable Predictor of Sepsis in the Neurocritically Ill—A Retrospective Cohort Study

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Adjudication of Codes for Identifying Sepsis in Hospital Administrative Data by Expert Consensus*

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Utilizing large language models for detecting hospital-acquired conditions: an empirical study on pulmonary embolism

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Performance of hospital administrative data for detection of sepsis in Australia: The sepsis coding and documentation (SECOND) study

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Accuracy of the modified Global Burden of Disease International Classification of Diseases coding methods for identifying sepsis: a prospective multicentre cohort study

Kumar, A., Venkatesh, B., Finfer, S. R., Delaney, A. P., Thompson, K., Middleton, P. M., Åneman, A., Shetty, K., Bhonagiri, D., Saxena, M., et al. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05448-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Multinational trends in sepsis mortality between 1985 and 2019: a temporal analysis of the WHO Mortality Database

Komorowski, M., Salciccioli, J. D., Shalhoub, J., Gordon, A. C., & Marshall, D. C. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074822 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Sepsis in silico: definition, development and application of an electronic phenotype for sepsis

Al-Sultani, Z., Inglis, T. J. J., McFadden, B. R., Thomas, E., & Reynolds, M. (2025) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001986 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for retrospective identification of suspected infection for sepsis surveillance: a multicentre cohort study

Tuinte, R. A. M., Smolenaers, L., Knoop, B. T., Föhse, K., van der Aart, T. J., Bouma, H. R., Netea, M. G., Deun, K. V., ten Oever, J., & Hoogerwerf, J. J. (2025) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103401 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

The German Quality Network Sepsis: Evaluation of a Quality Collaborative on Decreasing Sepsis-Related Mortality in a Controlled Interrupted Time Series Analysis

Schwarzkopf, D., Rüddel, H., Brinkmann, A., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Friedrich, M. E., Glas, M., Gogoll, C., Gründling, M., Meybohm, P., Pletz, M. W., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.882340 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Validation study of German inpatient administrative health data for epidemiological surveillance and measurement of quality of care for sepsis: the OPTIMISE study protocol

Schwarzkopf, D., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Schlattmann, P., Dorow, H., Ouart, D., Edel, A., Gonnert, F. A., Götz, J., Gründling, M., Heim, M. H., et al. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035763 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Sensitivity of ICD coding for sepsis in children—a population-based study

Endrich, O., Triep, K., Schlapbach, L. J., Posfay-Barbe, K. M., Heininger, U., Giannoni, É., Stocker, M., Niederer-Loher, A., Kahlert, C. R., Natalucci, G., et al. (2023) · Intensive Care Medicine – Paediatric and Neonatal · doi:10.1007/s44253-023-00006-1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Characteristics and Readmission Risks Following Sepsis Discharges to Home

You, S. B., Song, J., Hsu, J. Y., & Bowles, K. H. (2024) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000002091 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Sepsis in cancer: a question of definition

Valentine, J. C., Thursky, K., & Worth, L. J. (2020) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12985 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Association between hospital onset of infection and outcomes in sepsis patients – A propensity score matched cohort study based on health claims data in Germany

Rose, N., Spoden, M., Freytag, A., Pletz, M. W., Eckmanns, T., Wedekind, L., Storch, J., Schlattmann, P., Hartog, C. S., Reinhart, K., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2023.151593 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Sepsisassoziierte Todesfälle in Deutschland: Charakteristika und regionale Variation

Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Rose, N., & Reinhart, K. (2021) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-021-03427-5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Children with appendectomy have increased risk of future sepsis: Real‐world data in Taiwan

Liao, T., Lin, C., Lin, C., Wu, M., & Wei, J. C. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.14912 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Enhanced Screening and Research Data Collection via Automated EHR Data Capture and Early Identification of Sepsis

Umberger, R. A., Indranoi, C., Simpson, M. H., Jensen, R., Shamiyeh, J. E., & Yende, S. P. (2019) · SAGE Open Nursing · doi:10.1177/2377960819850972 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Performance of bedside tools for predicting infection-related mortality and administrative data for sepsis surveillance: An observational cohort study

Bateson, M., Marwick, C., Staines, H., Patton, A., Stewart, E., & Rooney, K. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0280228 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Think sepsis, write sepsis, code sepsis – patient characteristics associated with sepsis (under-)coding in administrative health data

Thomas-Rüddel, D. O., Rose, N., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Reinhart, K., Boden, B., Dorow, H., Edel, A., Gonnert, F. A., Götz, J., Gründling, M., et al. (2025) · Infection · doi:10.1007/s15010-025-02685-8 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Number of ICD-10 diagnosis fields required to capture sepsis in administrative data and truncation bias: A nationwide prospective registry study

Skei, N. V., Damås, J. K., & Gustad, L. T. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0320054 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Urban–Rural Disparities in Case Fatality of Community-Acquired Sepsis in Germany: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Matthäus‐Krämer, C., Rose, N., Spoden, M., Pletz, M. W., Reinhart, K., & Fleischmann-Struzek, C. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20105867 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Deficits in blood culture collection in the emergency department if sepsis is suspected: results of a retrospective cohort study

Berninghausen, C., Schwab, F., Gropmann, A., Leidel, B. A., Somasundaram, R., Hottenbacher, L., Gastmeier, P., & Hansen, S. (2024) · Infection · doi:10.1007/s15010-024-02197-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Automating detection of diagnostic error of infectious diseases using machine learning

Peterson, K., Chapman, A. B., Widanagamaachchi, W., Sutton, J. D., Ochoa, B., Jones, B. E., Stevens, V. W., Classen, D. C., & Jones, M. (2024) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000528 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Impact of Kaiser permanente early-onset sepsis risk calculator implementation in hospitals, England: pre–post intervention cohort analysis

Barton, H., Moore, H. L., Guy, R. L., Oeser, C., Nsonwu, O., Collin, S. M., Battersby, C., Piyasena, C., Demirjian, A., & Lamagni, T. L. (2026) · Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal & Neonatal · doi:10.1136/archdischild-2026-330444 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Development and validation of risk-adjusted quality indicators for the long-term outcome of acute sepsis care in German hospitals based on health claims data

Wedekind, L., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Rose, N., Spoden, M., Günster, C., Schlattmann, P., Scherag, A., Reinhart, K., & Schwarzkopf, D. (2023) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1069042 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Sepsis in Latvia—Incidence, Outcomes, and Healthcare Utilization: A Retrospective, Observational Study

Puceta, L., Luguzis, A., Dumpis, U., Dansone, G., Aleksandrova, N., & Bārzdiņš, J. (2024) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare12020272 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Coding practice for sepsis 2008–21

Skei, N. V., Afset, J. E., Ehrnström, B., Nessan, B. S., Damås, J. K., Nilsen, T. I. L., & Gustad, L. T. (2024) · Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening · doi:10.4045/tidsskr.23.0271 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Deciphering changes in the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A nationwide time-series correlation study

Cho, S. H., Kim, D. K., Song, M. C., Lee, E., Park, S., Chung, D., & Ha, J. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0301313 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Varying Estimates of Sepsis among Adults Presenting to US Emergency Departments: Estimates from a National Dataset from 2002-2018

Ramgopal, S., Horvat, C. M., & Adler, M. (2022) · Journal of Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1177/08850666221080060 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Impact of community-acquired invasive Escherichia coli disease on mortality and readmissions in elderly patients: a multi-center study in Germany

Kósa, F., Radunz, O., Geurtsen, J., Sarnecki, M., Krieger, J., Hardtstock, F., Wilke, T., Schilling, T., Oelke, M., Piechota, H., et al. (2025) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11788-4 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Nucleated Red Blood Cells Are Predictive of In-Hospital Mortality for Pediatric Patients

Gearhart, A. S., Esteso, P., Sperotto, F., Elia, E. G., Michelson, K. A., Lipsitz, S., Sun, M., Knoll, C., & VanderPluym, C. J. (2023) · Pediatric Emergency Care · doi:10.1097/pec.0000000000002980 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Improving Administrative Code-Based Algorithms for Sepsis Surveillance*

Gupta, S., & Rhee, C. (2024) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000006465 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Cardiovascular comorbidities and risk of in-hospital mortality in acute pancreatitis

Hasebe, M., & Su, C. (2025) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2025.133508 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Return to work after hospitalization for sepsis; a nationwide, registry-based cohort study.Preprint

Skei, N. V., Moe, K., Nilsen, T. I. L., Aasdahl, L., Prescott, H. C., Damås, J. K., & Gustad, L. T. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3328613/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Exploring vulnerabilities to sepsis in Canada

Kissoon, N. “., & Ansermino, J. M. (2019) · Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d anesthésie · doi:10.1007/s12630-019-01537-y

On sepsis - epidemiology, prediction and diagnostics

Mellhammar, L. (2020) · Lund University Publications (Lund University)

Sepsis: Do the Clinical Criteria Support the Medical Coding?

Insco, A. (2022) · doi:10.21007/etd.cghs.2022.0599

The data driven intensive care unit

Fleuren, L. M. (2023) · doi:10.5463/thesis.116

Use of ICD-9-CM coding for identifying antibiotic prescriptions during hospitalization: a Delphi consensus model

Comelli, A., Genovese, C., Renisi, G., Scudeller, L., Zanforlini, M., Macaluso, G., Mazzone, A., Muscatello, A., Bozzi, G., Zoncada, A., et al. (2024) · Infection Prevention in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.infpip.2024.100416

Risk of Sepsis in Gastroenterology Patients and The Role of Nurses to Prevent, Identify, Manage, and Educate About Sepsis

You, S. B., & Bowles, K. H. (2025) · Gastroenterology Nursing · doi:10.1097/sga.0000000000000898

Additional file 2 of Association between sepsis incidence and regional socioeconomic deprivation and health care capacity in Germany – an ecological study

Rose, N., Matthäus‐Krämer, C., Schwarzkopf, D., Scherag, A., Born, S., Reinhart, K., & Fleischmann-Struzek, C. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16584488

Additional file 3 of Association between sepsis incidence and regional socioeconomic deprivation and health care capacity in Germany – an ecological study

Rose, N., Matthäus‐Krämer, C., Schwarzkopf, D., Scherag, A., Born, S., Reinhart, K., & Fleischmann-Struzek, C. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16584491

Additional file 1 of Return to work after hospitalization for sepsis: a nationwide, registry-based cohort study

Skei, N. V., Moe, K., Nilsen, T. I. L., Aasdahl, L., Prescott, H. C., Damås, J. K., & Gustad, L. T. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24571885

Additional file 1 of Association between sepsis incidence and regional socioeconomic deprivation and health care capacity in Germany – an ecological study

Rose, N., Matthäus‐Krämer, C., Schwarzkopf, D., Scherag, A., Born, S., Reinhart, K., & Fleischmann-Struzek, C. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16584485

Additional file 1 of Circulating bioactive adrenomedullin as a marker of sepsis, septic shock and critical illness

Lundberg, O. H. M., Lengquist, M., Spångfors, M., Annborn, M., Bergmann, D., Schulte, J., Levin, H., Melander, O., Frigyesi, A., & Friberg, H. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13192386

Interpreting Diagnosis Codes in Psychiatric EHR Research: Implications for Modelling Clinical Deterioration (Preprint)Preprint

Huang, H.-M., Lu, C.-S., & Chang, G.-W. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.92073

Socioeconomic disparities and mortality among acute patients with sepsis: a retrospective Danish cohort study

Hansen, C. S., Brabrand, M., de Groot, B., Rosenvinge, F. S., Skjøt‐Arkil, H., Mogensen, C. B., Johansen, I. S., & Lassen, A. T. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-112451

Inpatient cardiac computed tomography angiography in Germany between 2005 and 2023: a nationwide registry study

Riedl, K. A., Strauß, B., Lenz, A., Molwitz, I., Erley, J., Braren, R., Blankenberg, S., & Neumann, J. E. (2026) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-026-02954-y

Prediction models for mortality in patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lei, S., Ruan, H., Wang, J., Zhao, G., Zhao, H., Liu, J., & Li, J. (2026) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1730156

Long-Term Mortality and Morbidity After Pediatric Sepsis

Edholm, E., Linder, A., Inghammar, M., Nilsson, A., Jesperson, S., & Mellhammar, L. (2026) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofag660

Severe Bacterial Infections and Sepsis in Children and Adolescents in São Paulo, Brazil: A Population-Based Time-Trend Study, 2015-2025

Lima, A. L. B., Martins, J. S., Carvalho, I. R., Manara, C. D. S., Rodrigues, S. B., Almeida, J. P., Marins, M. M., Florence, P. Z., & Fernandes, A. C. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.117966

Understanding the biases to sepsis surveillance and quality assurance caused by inaccurate coding in administrative health data

Schwarzkopf, D., Rose, N., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Boden, B., Dorow, H., Edel, A., Friedrich, M. E., Gonnert, F. A., Götz, J., Gründling, M., et al. (2023) · Infection · doi:10.1007/s15010-023-02091-y · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Validation study of German inpatient administrative health data for epidemiological surveillance and measurement of quality of care for sepsis: the OPTIMISE study protocol

Schwarzkopf, D., Fleischmann-Struzek, C., Schlattmann, P., Dorow, H., Ouart, D., Edel, A., Gonnert, F. A., Götz, J., Gründling, M., Heim, M. H., et al. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035763 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Accuracy of the modified Global Burden of Disease International Classification of Diseases coding methods for identifying sepsis: a prospective multicentre cohort study

Kumar, A., Venkatesh, B., Finfer, S. R., Delaney, A. P., Thompson, K., Middleton, P. M., Åneman, A., Shetty, K., Bhonagiri, D., Saxena, M., et al. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05448-x · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Use of explicit ICD9-CM codes to identify adult severe sepsis: impacts on epidemiological estimates

Bouza, C., Lopez-Cuadrado, T., & Amate-Blanco, J. M. (2016) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-016-1497-9 · Cited by 47 · see citing works

Validity of administrative data in recording sepsis: a systematic review

Jolley, R., Sawka, K. J., Yergens, D., Quan, H., Jetté, N., & Doig, C. J. (2015) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0847-3 · Cited by 196 · see citing works