Cited by 402Gut microbiota and healthSleep and related disordersGastrointestinal motility and disorders

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Gut microbiome diversity is associated with sleep physiology in humans

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Smith, Robert P., Easson, Cole, Lyle, Sarah M., Kapoor, Ritishka, Donnelly, Chase P., Davidson, Eileen J., Parikh, Esha, Lopez, Jose V., Tartar, Jaime L.·2019·PLOS ONE

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0222394PMC PMC6779243

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Abstract

The human gut microbiome can influence health through the brain-gut-microbiome axis. Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome can influence sleep quality. Previous studies that have examined sleep deprivation and the human gut microbiome have yielded conflicting results. A recent study found that sleep deprivation leads to changes in gut microbiome composition while a different study found that sleep deprivation does not lead to changes in gut microbiome. Accordingly, the relationship between sleep physiology and the gut microbiome remains unclear. To address this uncertainty, we used actigraphy to quantify sleep measures coupled with gut microbiome sampling to determine how the gut microbiome correlates with various measures of sleep physiology. We measured immune system biomarkers and carried out a neurobehavioral assessment as these variables might modify the relationship between sleep and gut microbiome composition. We found that total microbiome diversity was positively correlated with increased sleep efficiency and total sleep time, and was negatively correlated with wake after sleep onset. We found positive correlations between total microbiome diversity and interleukin-6, a cytokine previously noted for its effects on sleep. Analysis of microbiome composition revealed that within phyla richness of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were positively correlated with sleep efficiency, interleukin-6 concentrations and abstract thinking. Finally, we found that several taxa (Lachnospiraceae, Corynebacterium, and Blautia) were negatively correlated with sleep measures. Our findings initiate linkages between gut microbiome composition, sleep physiology, the immune system and cognition. They may lead to mechanisms to improve sleep through the manipulation of the gut microbiome.

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Fig 1 The interaction network between measures of sleep, microbiome diversity and cognitive performance. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to generate the weight of each edge in the network. Heat map shown on image. Different colored circles indicate groupings of nodes with similar traits in the network (I = microbiome diversity, II = sleep, III = cognition). Raw data for correlations (outside of microbiome diversity control correlations) found in S1–S4 Figs. Directionality of interactions is not implied in this figure.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 2 The association of richness and diversity within bacterial phyla, and with measures of sleep, IL-6 and cognition identified in our interaction network. Only Pearson correlations coefficients with P ≤ 0.05 are shown.CC BY · PubMed Central

Fig 3 Significant associations between bacterial taxa with measures of sleep, IL-6 and cognition identified in our interaction network. Taxa were identified at the genus level unless otherwise indicated. Only Pearson correlations coefficients with P ≤ 0.05 are shown. Multiple boxes within the same column indicated significant associations between several operation taxonomic units (OTUs) and the node identified at the top of the column. Correlation coefficients and P values presented in S2 Table.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Smith, R. P., Easson, C., Lyle, S. M., Kapoor, R., Donnelly, C. P., Davidson, E. J., Parikh, E., Lopez, J. V., & Tartar, J. L.
Affiliations: Nova Southeastern University (US)
Middle Tennessee State University (US)
Corresponding author: Tartar, Jaime L.
ORCID: Smith, Robert P.
Easson, Cole
Lyle, Sarah M.
Donnelly, Chase P.
Lopez, Jose V.
Tartar, Jaime L.
Venue: PLOS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published: 2019-10-07
Volume: 14
Issue: 10
Pages: e0222394
ISSN: 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222394
PMC: PMC6779243
OpenAlex: W2979803667
Cited by: 390
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 53 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 47 · 2022: 56 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 28
FWCI: 11.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University) (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders: Nova Southeastern University (335411)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords: gut microbiota diversity, sleep physiology, sleep efficiency, total sleep time, wake after sleep onset, interleukin-6, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Corynebacterium, Blautia, abstract thinking, neurobehavioral assessment, gut-brain axis, sleep deprivation
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Bacteria, Cognition, Humans, Male, Phylogeny, Sleep, Thinking, Interleukin-6, Biodiversity

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