Cited by 194Nutritional Studies and DietLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthFood composition and properties

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Effect of dietary pulse intake on established therapeutic lipid targets for cardiovascular risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Ha, Vanessa, Sievenpiper, John L., de Souza, Russell J., Jayalath, Viranda H., Mirrahimi, Arash, Agarwal, Arnav, Chiavaroli, Laura, Mejia, Sonia Blanco, Sacks, Frank M., Di Buono, Marco, Bernstein, Adam M., Leiter, Lawrence A., Kris-Etherton, Penny M., Vuksan, Vladimir, Bazinet, Richard P., Josse, Robert G., Beyene, Joseph, Kendall, Cyril W.C., Jenkins, David J.A.·2014·Canadian Medical Association Journal

DOI 10.1503/cmaj.131727PMC PMC4016088

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Evidence from controlled trials encourages the intake of dietary pulses (beans, chickpeas, lentils and peas) as a method of improving dyslipidemia, but heart health guidelines have stopped short of ascribing specific benefits to this type of intervention or have graded the beneficial evidence as low. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of dietary pulse intake on established therapeutic lipid targets for cardiovascular risk reduction. METHODS: We searched electronic databases and bibliographies of selected trials for relevant articles published through Feb. 5, 2014. We included RCTs of at least 3 weeks' duration that compared a diet emphasizing dietary pulse intake with an isocaloric diet that did not include dietary pulses. The lipid targets investigated were low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol. We pooled data using a random-effects model. RESULTS: We identified 26 RCTs (n = 1037) that satisfied the inclusion criteria. Diets emphasizing dietary pulse intake at a median dose of 130 g/d (about 1 serving daily) significantly lowered LDL cholesterol levels compared with the control diets (mean difference -0.17 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval -0.25 to -0.09 mmol/L). Treatment effects on apolipoprotein B and non-HDL cholesterol were not observed. INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that dietary pulse intake significantly reduces LDL cholesterol levels. Trials of longer duration and higher quality are needed to verify these results. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT01594567.

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Authors: Ha, V., Sievenpiper, J. L., de Souza, R. J., Jayalath, V. H., Mirrahimi, A., Agarwal, A., Chiavaroli, L., Mejia, S. B., Sacks, F. M., Di Buono, M., Bernstein, A. M., Leiter, L. A., Kris-Etherton, P. M., Vuksan, V., Bazinet, R. P., Josse, R. G., Beyene, J., Kendall, C. W. C., & Jenkins, D. J. A.
Affiliations: University of Toronto (CA)
Harvard University (US)
Cleveland Clinic (US)
ORCID: Ha, Vanessa
Sievenpiper, John L.
de Souza, Russell J.
Jayalath, Viranda H.
Mirrahimi, Arash
Agarwal, Arnav
Chiavaroli, Laura
Sacks, Frank M.
Leiter, Lawrence A.
Vuksan, Vladimir
Bazinet, Richard P.
Josse, Robert G.
Kendall, Cyril W.C.
Jenkins, David J.A.
Venue: Canadian Medical Association Journal
Publisher: CMA Impact Inc.
Published: 2014-04-07
Volume: 186
Issue: 8
Pages: E252-E262
ISSN: 0820-3946 (ISSN-L)
1488-2329
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.131727
PMC: PMC4016088
OpenAlex: W2105006470
Cited by: 194
References: 61
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3
FWCI: 2.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Locations: Canadian Medical Association Journal (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Agriculture
Abbott Laboratories
PepsiCo
General Mills
Kellogg's
Coca-Cola Foundation
Mead Johnson Nutrition
California Strawberry Commission
Canadian Diabetes Association
Arizona State University
Danone
Almond Board of California
Saskatchewan Pulse Growers
Canadian Nutrition Society
St. Michael's Hospital Foundation
Canola Council of Canada
Loblaw Companies Limited
Peanut Institute
Society for Endocrinology
European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes
Hospital for Sick Children
Alpro Foundation
International Nut and Dried Fruit Council
Canadian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (119797)
Institute of Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
Keywords: Fabaceae, LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, non-HDL cholesterol, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular risk reduction, plant-based diet, isocaloric diet
MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases, Diet, Reducing, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Lipids, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, Male, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Risk Reduction Behavior, Diet, High-Fat

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