A longitudinal, epigenome-wide study of DNA methylation in anorexia nervosa: results in actively ill, partially weight-restored, long-term remitted and non-eating-disordered women
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Background: This study explored state-related tendencies in DNA methylation in people with anorexia nervosa. Methods: We measured genome-wide DNA methylation in 75 women with active anorexia nervosa (active), 31 women showing stable remission of anorexia nervosa (remitted) and 41 women with no eating disorder (NED). We also obtained post-intervention methylation data from 52 of the women from the active group. Results: Comparisons between members of the active and NED groups showed 58 differentially methylated sites (Q < 0.01) that corresponded to genes relevant to metabolic and nutritional status (lipid and glucose metabolism), psychiatric status (serotonin receptor activity) and immune function. Methylation levels in members of the remitted group differed from those in the active group on 265 probes that also involved sites associated with genes for serotonin and insulin activity, glucose metabolism and immunity. Intriguingly, the direction of methylation effects in remitted participants tended to be opposite to those seen in active participants. The chronicity of Illness correlated (usually inversely, at Q < 0.01) with methylation levels at 64 sites that mapped onto genes regulating glutamate and serotonin activity, insulin function and epigenetic age. In contrast, body mass index increases coincided (at Q < 0.05) with generally increased methylation-level changes at 73 probes associated with lipid and glucose metabolism, immune and inflammatory processes, and olfaction. Limitations: Sample sizes were modest for this type of inquiry, and findings may have been subject to uncontrolled effects of medication and substance use. Conclusion: Findings point to the possibility of reversible epigenetic alterations in anorexia nervosa, and suggest that an adequate pathophysiological model would likely need to include psychiatric, metabolic and immune components.
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Evidence on eating disorders has not found an association with SLC6A4 DNAm and anorexia nervosa.
“Evidence on ED so far has not found an association with SLC6A4 DNAm and AN (Boehm et al., 2019; Pjetri et al., 2013; Steiger et al., 2019).”
From Can epigenetics shine a light on the biological pathways underlying major mental disorders? (2022) · cites this paper as Steiger et al., 2019
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Steiger, H., Booij, L., Kahan, E., McGregor, K., Thaler, L., Fletcher, E., Labbe, A., Joober, R., Israël, M., Szyf, M., Agellon, L. B., Gauvin, L., St-Hilaire, A., & Rossi, E.
- Affiliations
- HEC Montréal (CA)
- From the Eating Disorders Program, Douglas University Institute
- the Department of Decision Sciences, HEC Montreal
- the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 205-213
- ISSN
- 1180-4882 (ISSN-L)
- 1488-2434
- PMC
- PMC6488489
- OpenAlex
- W2943292648
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 7.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (142717_1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- anorexia nervosa, DNA methylation, epigenetics, remission, weight restoration, chronic disease, body mass index, serotonin, insulin, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, immune function, inflammatory processes, olfaction, glutamate, epigenetic age, women
- MeSH terms
- Epigenome, Adolescent, Adult, Anorexia Nervosa, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Middle Aged, Remission Induction, DNA Methylation, Young Adult
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