Low circulating ghrelin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Although numerous, human subject studies evaluating the relationship between circulating ghrelin levels and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) risk have yielded inconsistent findings. We aimed to quantitatively assess the association by summarizing all available evidence from human subject studies. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched up to February 2015 for eligible studies. Studies were eligible if they reported circulating ghrelin levels in women with PCOS and healthy women controls. A fixed or random-effects model was used to pool risk estimations. Twenty studies including 894 PCOS patients and 574 controls were included in the meta-analysis. The studies had fair methodological quality. The pooling analysis of all available studies revealed that ghrelin levels were significantly lower in PCOS patients than in controls, with standardized mean difference of -0.40 (95% CI: -0.73, -0.08). The significant association persisted in many subgroup strata. However, the heterogeneity across studies was considerable and not eliminated in subgroup analyses. Meta-regression analysis further suggested that the heterogeneity might be relevant to variability in study location, PCOS relevant factors like HOMA-IR ratio, as well as other factors not assessed. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggested that ghrelin levels were significantly lower in PCOS patients than in controls. Further studies with large sample sizes are warranted to replicate our findings.
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A systematic review of 20 studies involving 894 women with and 574 women without PCOS reported lower ghrelin in PCOS (standardised mean difference -0.40; 95% confidence interval -0.73, -0.08).
“A systematic review of 20 studies involving 894 women with and 574 women without PCOS reported lower ghrelin in PCOS (standardised mean difference -0.40; 95 % confidence interval -0.73, -0.08) [35], related to factors including insulin resistance.”
From Providing lifestyle advice to women with PCOS: an overview of practical issues affecting success (2021) · cites this paper as [35]
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- Authors
- Gao, T., Wu, L., Chang, F., & Cao, G.
- Affiliations
- Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (CN)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Inner Mongolia Medical University (CN)
- Venue
- Endocrine Journal
- Publisher
- Japan Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 93-100
- ISSN
- 0918-8959 (ISSN-L)
- 1348-4540
- PMC
- PMC4975374
- OpenAlex
- W2292232455
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Endocrine Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (R25CA160056)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- ghrelin, polycystic ovary syndrome, insulin resistance, HOMA-IR, women, adipokines, study heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Down-Regulation, Case-Control Studies, Ghrelin
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