Level of operator control and changes in heart rate variability during simulated flight maintenance.
Abstract
The demands of dynamic monitoring and fault diagnosis for flight engineer trainees were examined in relation to changes in heart rate (HR) and two spectral analysis measures (midfrequency: 0.07-0.14 Hz; high frequency: 0.15-0.40 Hz) of heart rate variability (HRV). Eleven trainee flight engineers were studied, as part of their training and assessment, over three 3-h sessions in a cockpit simulator. During each session, faults and incidents programmed into the system had to be detected, diagnosed, and corrected. Electrocardiograms were taken, and each session was recorded on videotape. Work phases were classified from video analysis of flight maintenance activities, using Rasmussen's cognitive control taxonomy, into monitoring, routine (rule-based), and problem-solving (knowledge-based) phases. HR and HRV were found to be sensitive to different phases of the work environment. HRV was suppressed during the mentally demanding problemsolving mode of the level flight phase, but only for the midfrequency component. Elevated heart rate, in contrast, was associated with the more generally stressful takeoff and landing phases. The findings support both the use of HRV as a physiological index of mental effort and its value in operational contexts, and the value of ecologically derived methods of evaluating differences in work demands in complex systems.
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Increased HR, BP, (nor)adrenaline and decreased HRV have been regularly reported as compensatory regulation or effort to maintain successful performance.
“Indeed, increased HR, BP, (nor)adrenaline and decreased HRV have been regularly reported as compensatory regulation or effort to maintain successful performance in several studies (e.g., Tattersall and Hockey, 1995; Tafalla and Evans, 1997; Pattyn et al., 2008; Hockey et al., 2009; Thayer and Lane, 2009; Grassmann et al., 2017).”
From Voice Stress Analysis: A New Framework for Voice and Effort in Human Performance (2018) · cites this paper as Tattersall and Hockey, 1995
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- Authors
- Tattersall, A. J., & Hockey, G. R. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Wales (GB)
- University of Hull (GB)
- Venue
- Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1995-12
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 682-698
- ISSN
- 0018-7208 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-8181
- OpenAlex
- W2098646662
- Cited by
- 126
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- heart rate variability, heart rate, operator control, cognitive effort, physiological stress indicators, problem solving, monitoring, cockpit simulator, work phases, job demands
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aircraft, Arousal, Attention, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Military Personnel, Electrocardiography, Ambulatory, Workload
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