Charting the Future of Axis II
Abstract
Although there is general agreement that personality disorders are best conceptualized dimensionally, reflecting continuity with normal personality types, personality disorder traits, and personality disorders themselves, categorical systems continue to be utilized for clinical diagnostic purposes. The arguments for and against each approach are reviewed, and a proposal is presented for DSM-V that involves elements of both.
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Dimensional representations of personality disorders outperform categorical diagnoses in predicting external variables.
“Dimensional representations of PDs have been shown to outperform categorical diagnoses in predicting external variables [28, 33]”
From Personality disorders are important risk factors for disability pensioning (2014) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Oldham, J. M., & Skodol, A. E.
- Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- ORCID
- Oldham, John M.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality Disorders
- Publisher
- Guilford Publications
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-29
- ISSN
- 0885-579X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1977597648
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- personality disorders, Axis II, DSM-V, dimensional models, categorical classification, personality disorder traits, personality disorder diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Personality Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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