Cited by 332Neonatal and fetal brain pathologyNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

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Sensitivity of the developing rat brain to hypobaric/ischemic damage parallels sensitivity to N-methyl-aspartate neurotoxicity

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Ikonomidou, C, Mosinger, JL, Salles, KS, Labruyere, J, Olney, JW·1989·The Journal of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.09-08-02809.1989PMC PMC6569702

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Abstract

The endogenous excitotoxin, glutamate (Glu), acting at the N-methyl- aspartate (NMA) subtype of Glu receptor, is thought to play a major role in hypoxic/ischemic neuronal degeneration. In the present study, the sensitivities of the developing rat CNS to hypoxic/ischemic neuronal degeneration and to the neurotoxic action of NMA were compared at various postnatal ages. In the hypoxic/ischemic experiments, ischemia was produced by unilateral common carotid artery ligation and hypoxia by subjecting the pups to a partial vacuum. Keeping the duration of the hypobaric episode constant at 75 min for all age groups, we observed that the vulnerability of the immature brain to hypobaric/ischemic damage increased during the early neonatal period (days 2–4), reached a peak at day 6 and then diminished progressively with increasing age. In the second part of the study, NMA was microinjected unilaterally into the head of the caudate nucleus at various postnatal ages (2–80 d). In the early neonatal period (days 2– 6), injections of relatively small doses of NMA (6–15 nmol) produced a dose-dependent widespread excitotoxic reaction throughout the forebrain with peak sensitivity being observed on day 6. The cytotoxic reaction to NMA was identical in appearance and time course to that induced by hypobaric/ischemic methods. With increasing age, the excitotoxic response to a given dose of NMA decreased progressively and the lesions became more strictly confined to the injection site. Cell populations most sensitive to NMA toxicity in the 2–10 d period closely correlated with those most vulnerable to hypoxia/ischemia, and sensitivity to both types of injury reached a peak at 6 d. These findings reinforce other evidence linking an excitotoxic mechanism and the NMA subtype of Glu receptor to hypoxic/ischemic brain damage and suggest that there may be a period during development when NMA receptors are hypersensitive to excitotoxic stimulation, thus rendering the neurons possessing such receptors hypervulnerable to hypoxic/ischemic damage.

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Authors: Ikonomidou, C., Mosinger, J., Salles, K., Labruyere, J., & Olney, J.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Ikonomidou, C
Venue: The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher: Society for Neuroscience
Published: 1989-08-01
Volume: 9
Issue: 8
Pages: 2809-2818
ISSN: 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
1529-2401
DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.09-08-02809.1989
PMC: PMC6569702
OpenAlex: W1534709134
Cited by: 332
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 18.15
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-sa
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ (vor, 184 d)
Locations: Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH-38894)
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ES 07066)
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 24237)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords: excitotoxicity, hypobaric hypoxia, cerebral ischemia, hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, glutamate receptors, developing brain, postnatal age, neurotoxicity, caudate nucleus, neuronal vulnerability, neonatal period
MeSH terms: Air Pressure, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Aspartic Acid, Atmospheric Pressure, Brain, Brain Ischemia, Disease Susceptibility, Microinjections, Nerve Degeneration, Neurons, Rats, Inbred Strains, N-Methylaspartate, Rats

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Sensitivity of the developing rat brain to hypobaric/ischemic damage parallels sensitivity to N-methyl-aspartate neurotoxicity

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