Cited by 2,055Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity ResearchNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchCell death mechanisms and regulation

Blockade of NMDA Receptors and Apoptotic Neurodegeneration in the Developing Brain

Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy, Bosch, Friederike, Miksa, Michael, Bittigau, Petra, Vöckler, Jessica, Dikranian, Krikor, Tenkova, Tanya I., Stefovska, Vanya +2 more·1999·Science

Abstract

Programmed cell death (apoptosis) occurs during normal development of the central nervous system. However, the mechanisms that determine which neurons will succumb to apoptosis are poorly understood. Blockade of N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors for only a few hours during late fetal or early neonatal life triggered widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain, suggesting that the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, acting at NMDA receptors, controls neuronal survival. These findings may have relevance to human neurodevelopmental disorders involving prenatal (drug-abusing mothers) or postnatal (pediatric anesthesia) exposure to drugs that block NMDA receptors.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.283.5398.70

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Exposure to NMDA antagonist, ethanol, or general anesthetics causes a significant increase in neuronal degeneration at P6-P7.

    “For instance, exposure to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, ethanol, or general anesthetics, causes a significant increase in neuronal degeneration at P6–P7456.”
  • Early postnatal, but not adolescent, deletion of Grin1 in mouse forebrain interneurons reduced parvalbumin and GAD1 expression and caused cortical disinhibition and asynchrony.

    “Early post-natal, but not adolescent, deletion of Grin1 in mouse forebrain interneurons reduced their expression of parvalbumin and glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD1, also known as GAD67), and caused cortical disinhibition and asynchrony 30,31 .”
  • Behavioural deficits induced by interneuronal Grin1 deletion are exacerbated by social isolation stress.

    “The behavioural deficits induced by interneuronal Grin1 deletion are exacerbated by social isolation stress 30 , which models aspects of known environmental risks for schizophrenia, including childhood maltreatment and psychosocial adverse events 1 .”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Ikonomidou, C., Bosch, F., Miksa, M., Bittigau, P., Vöckler, J., Dikranian, K., Tenkova, T. I., Stefovska, V., Turski, L., & Olney, J. W.
Affiliations
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • C. Ikonomidou, F. Bosch, M. Miksa, P. Bittigau, J. Vöckler, V. Stefovska, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Virchow Clinics, Humboldt University, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. K. Dikranian, T. I. Tenkova, J. W. Olney, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 4940 Children's Place, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. L. Turski, Eisai London Research Laboratories, Bernard Katz Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Corresponding author
Ikonomidou, Chrysanthy
Venue
Science
Published
1999-01
Volume
283
Issue
5398
Pages
70-74
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2036650593
Cited by
2,055
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 148 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 112 · 2015: 98 · 2014: 94 · 2013: 92 · 2012: 92
FWCI
13.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5k05mh038894-20)
  • National Institute on Aging (AG11355, P01AG011355)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH-38894)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA005072, DA05072)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Keywords
NMDA receptor blockade, apoptosis, neuronal survival, glutamate excitotoxicity, brain development, fetal brain development, neonatal brain development, neurodevelopmental disorders, prenatal drug exposure, pediatric anesthesia, excitatory neurotransmitter
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Calcium Channel Blockers, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Fetus, Haloperidol, Immunohistochemistry, Microscopy, Electron, Nerve Degeneration, Neurons, Quinoxalines, Scopolamine, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Dizocilpine Maleate, Apoptosis, Dopamine Antagonists, Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists, Muscarinic Antagonists, In Situ Nick-End Labeling, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review