The DOI matches its Crossref record; 29 of the 29 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Anatomy of an Endogenous Antagonist: Relationship between Agouti-Related Protein and Proopiomelanocortin in Brain
Open accessAbstract
Agouti-related protein (AGRP) is a recently discovered orexigenic neuropeptide that inhibits the binding and action of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) at the melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R) and melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) and has been proposed to function primarily as an endogenous melanocortin antagonist. To better understand the interplay between the AGRP and melanocortin signaling systems, we compared their nerve fiber distributions with each other by immunohistochemistry and their perikarya distribution with MC3R and MC4R by double in situ hybridization. Although deriving from distinct cell groups, AGRP and melanocortin terminals project to identical brain areas. Both AGRP and melanocortin neurons selectively express the MC3R, which provides a neuroanatomical basis for a dual-input circuit with biological amplification and feedback inhibition. These studies highlight a broader complexity in POMC-mediated behavior in the brain.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Neurons expressing agouti-related protein (AgRP) are found exclusively in the ARC [20]”
From Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression-related behaviors by suppressing AgRP neuron activity (2021) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“However, available anatomical evidence suggests that AgRP neurons may functionally interact with the mesolimbic pathway [20, 62, 86], which has been implicated in depression [56].”
From Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression-related behaviors by suppressing AgRP neuron activity (2021) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“As AgRP neurons project to multiple brain regions involved in stress reactivity and reward processing [20, 62, 86], it is not clear which downstream targets may be contributing to the effects of AgRP neurons on depression-related behaviors.”
From Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression-related behaviors by suppressing AgRP neuron activity (2021) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“Another candidate downstream target of AgRP neurons is the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) [20, 62], which has emerged as a key player in stress-related disorders [90, 91].”
From Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression-related behaviors by suppressing AgRP neuron activity (2021) · cites this paper as [20]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates
Palkovits, M. (1983) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/0143-4179(83)90049-5 · Cited by 28,959
The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G., & Watson, C. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-63235-9 · Cited by 28,585
Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein
Ollmann, M. M., Wilson, B. D., Yang, Y.-K., Kerns, J. A., Chen, Y., Gantz, I., & Barsh, G. S. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5335.135 · Cited by 1,881
Self-citationCoexpression of Agrp and NPY in fasting-activated hypothalamic neurons
Hahn, T. M., Breininger, J. F., Baskin, D. G., & Schwartz, M. W. (1998) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/1082 · Cited by 1,164
Mountjoy, K. G., Mortrud, M. T., Low, M. J., Simerly, R. B., & Cone, R. D. (1994) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend.8.10.7854347 · Cited by 1,157
Leptin Activates Hypothalamic CART Neurons Projecting to the Spinal Cord
Elias, C. F., Lee, C., Kelly, J., Aschkenasi, C. J., Ahima, R. S., Couceyro, P. R., Kuhar, M. J., Saper, C. B., & Elmquist, J. K. (1998) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80656-x · Cited by 809
Broberger, C., Johansen, J., Johansson, C., Schalling, M., & Hökfelt, T. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.15043 · Cited by 798
Roselli-Rehfuss, L., Mountjoy, K. G., Robbins, L. S., Mortrud, M. T., Low, M. J., Tatro, J. B., Entwistle, M. L., Simerly, R. B., & Cone, R. D. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.19.8856 · Cited by 722
Shutter, J. R., Graham, M., Kinsey, A. C., Scully, S. A., Lüthy, R., & Stark, K. L. (1997) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.11.5.593 · Cited by 672
Rossi, M., Kim, M. S., Morgan, D. G. A., Small, C. J., Edwards, C. M. B., Sunter, D., Abusnana, S., Goldstone, A. P., Russell, S. H., Stanley, S. A., et al. (1998) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.139.10.6332 · Cited by 576 · cited 3×
“Artificial increases in AGRP achieved pharmacologically or in transgenic animals cause elevated food intake and obesity (Graham et al., 1997; Ollmann et al., 1997; Grill et al., 1998; Rossi et al., 1998).”
Background
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–400 of 425
Ye, Z., MacNeil, T., Weinberg, D. H., Kalyani, R. N., Tang, R., Strack, A. M., Murphy, B. A., Mosley, R. T., MacIntyre, D. E., der Ploeg, L. H. T. V., et al. (2005) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.12.035 · Cited by 13
Electrophysiological Analysis of Circuits Controlling Energy Homeostasis
Ghamari‐Langroudi, M. (2012) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8241-5 · Cited by 13
Han, Y., Xia, G., & Wu, Q. (2018) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1286-1_1 · Cited by 13
A cellular basis for the munchies
Patel, S. H., & Cone, R. D. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14206 · Cited by 11
Neuroendocrine control of metabolism
Kuliczkowska-Płaksej, J., Milewicz, A., & Jakubowska, J. (2012) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.3109/09513590.2012.651930 · Cited by 11
“The majority of NPY neurons coexpress AgRP, an orexigenic peptide [10].”
BackgroundThe Role of AGRP in Regulating Dopaminergic Neurons in the Brain
Михрина, А. Л., & Romanova, I. V. (2015) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-015-0107-7 · Cited by 10
Tsh Induces Agrp1 Neuron Proliferation in Oatp1c1-Deficient Zebrafish
Wasserman-Bartov, T., Admati, I., Lebenthal-Loinger, I., Sharabany, J., Lerer‐Goldshtein, T., & Appelbaum, L. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0002-22.2022 · Cited by 10
Melanocortins: Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Peptides
Caruso, C. M., Carniglia, L., Durand, D., Teresa, N., & Lasag, M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/32672 · Cited by 10
“Melanocortin fibers project from these sites to the paraventricular nucleus, the lateral hypothalamus, and throughout the brain, e.g., amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus accumbes, and spinal cord (Bagnol et al., 1999).”
Yesmin, R., Watanabe, M., Sinha, A. S., Ishibashi, M., Wang, T., & Fukuda, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2022.990803 · Cited by 9
“Our findings that AgRP neuron terminals project to both the internal and external layers of the ME (Figures 1B,C) are corroborated by the previous report (Bagnol et al., 1999).”
ResultEnergy Partitioning, Ingestive Behavior, and Reproductive Success
Schneider, J. E., & Watts, A. G. (2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-008088783-8.00006-1 · Cited by 9
Immunohistochemical localization of the ACTH (MC-2) receptor in the rat placenta and adrenal gland
Izumi, S., Abe, K., Hayashi, T., Nakane, P. K., & Koji, T. (2004) · Archivum histologicum japonicum · doi:10.1679/aohc.67.443 · Cited by 8
“Excluding this study, there are no immunohistochemical demonstrations of MCRs in the adrenal glands (Xia et al., 1996a; Bagnol et al., 1999; Colombo et al., 2002), except for the presence of MC1R in the nuclei—but not in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm, of human placental trophoblastic cells…”
BackgroundG protein-coupled receptors in hypothalamic circuits involved in metabolic diseases.
Bagnol, D. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 8
Self-citationFunctional Interaction between the Dopamine and Melanocortin Systems of the Brain
Derkach, K. V., Romanova, I. V., & Shpakov, A. O. (2018) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-018-0554-z · Cited by 8
Melanocortin Receptor Expression and Function in the Nervous System
Tatro, J. B. (2000) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-031-5_6 · Cited by 8
Kim, E.-M., Quinn, J. G., Reid, R. E., & O‘Hare, E. (2023) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2023.106618 · Cited by 7
“dorsomedial nucleus of the hypothalamus, and to other brain regions to control food intake (Bagnol et al., 1999; Broberger et al., 1998; Haskell-Luevano et al., 1999; Legradi & Lechan, 1999; Singru et al., 2007).”
BackgroundEffects of Active Fragments AgRP 83-132 and 25-51 on Dopamine Biosynthesis in the Brain
Михрина, А. Л., Saveleva, L., Alekseeva, O. S., & Romanova, I. V. (2020) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-020-00908-z · Cited by 7
Eliason, N. L., Martin, L., Low, M. J., & Sharpe, A. L. (2022) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/j.npep.2022.102289 · Cited by 7
Targeting melanocortin receptors for the treatment of obesity
Markison, S., & Foster, A. C. (2006) · Drug Discovery Today Therapeutic Strategies · doi:10.1016/j.ddstr.2006.10.011 · Cited by 7
Spanswick, D. C., & Lee, K. (2003) · Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs · doi:10.1517/14728214.8.1.217 · Cited by 7
“Other key centres involved in energy homeostasis that receive inputs from NPY/Agrp neurons are the PVN [94,95], DMN [96], perifornical hypothalamus [96] and locally within the ARC itself [84,97].”
BackgroundGözen, O., Aypar, B., Bintepe, M. O., Gürkan, F. T., Balkan, B., Koylu, E. O., Kanıt, L., & Keser, A. (2024) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci14010063 · Cited by 7
“Future studies including a higher number of animals can be conducted to further elucidate the significant changes observed.”
BackgroundNatterson-Horowitz, B., & Cho, J. H. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.727554 · Cited by 5
Hypothalamic Sirt1 and regulation of food intake
Kitamura, T., & Sasaki, T. (2012) · Diabetology International · doi:10.1007/s13340-012-0088-5 · Cited by 6
“These neurons project axons to the ‘‘second-order centers,’’ which are located in PVN and LH, and competitively regulate the activity of these nuclei [7, 8].”
BackgroundClemence, G., Marks, D. L., & Butler, A. A. (2018) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22306 · Cited by 6
“Subpopulations of ARC melanocortin neurons exhibit Mc3r mRNA expression as assessed by ISH (26) and single-cell RNA-seq (35).”
MethodInfluentialRattus norvegicus melanocortin 3 receptor: A corrected sequence
Daniels, D., Suzuki, A., Shapiro, E., Luo, L.-Y., Yee, D. K., & Fluharty, S. J. (2005) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.11.032 · Cited by 6
Agouti-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior Is Mediated by Central Serotonergic Pathways in Zebrafish
Godino‐Gimeno, A., Rocha, A., Chivite, M., Saera-Vila, A., Rotllant, J., Míguez, J. M., & Cerdá‐Reverter, J. M. (2024) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1970-23.2024 · Cited by 5
Grebenstein, P. E., Erickson, P., Grace, M. K., & Kotz, C. M. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11030481 · Cited by 5
“The nAChRs are also located within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus; an area responsible for regulating energy homeostasis through two sets of neurons: proopiomelanocortin (POMC)/cocaine and amphetamine regulated transport (CART) and neuropeptide-Y (NPY)/Agouti gene-related protein (AgRP) neurons, which interac…”
BackgroundHypothalamic γ-melanocyte stimulating hormone gene delivery reduces fat mass in male mice
Eerola, K., Virtanen, S., Vähätalo, L. H., Ailanen, L., Cai, M., Hruby, V. J., Savontaus, M., & Savontaus, E. (2018) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-18-0009 · Cited by 5
Sensory neurobiological analysis of neuropeptide modulation of meal size
Schwartz, G. J., & Azzara, A. V. (2004) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2004.04.042 · Cited by 5
Peripheral influences on central melanocortin neurons
Murphy, K. G., & Bloom, S. R. (2005) · Peptides · doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2004.12.027 · Cited by 5
Pratt, W. E., Do, C., Groome, A. M., Smith, A. J., Siegfried, A. C., & Calafiore, C. J. (2025) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2025.1614819 · Cited by 4
The Art of Chilling Out: How Neurons Regulate Torpor
Ohba, A., & Yamaguchi, H. (2024) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.202400190 · Cited by 4
Singh, U., Saito, K., Khan, M. Z., Jiang, J., Toth, B. A., Rodeghiero, S. R., Dickey, J. E., Deng, Y., Deng, G., Kim, Y.-C., et al. (2023) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114105 · Cited by 7
“MC4Rs do not localize to hypothalamic axon terminals of NAcSh-projecting vSUBMC4R+ neurons Diffuse collateral projections of NAcSh-projecting vSUBMC4R+ neurons to different hypothalamic nuclei resemble the patterns of AgRP and α-MSH immunoreactivity [39,40], two unique neuropeptides function as endogenous ligands for…”
Brain Regulation of Feeding and Energy Homeostasis
Myers, M. G., Olson, D. P., Low, M. J., & Elias, C. F. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11251-0_22 · Cited by 5
Müller, A., Möller, M., Adams, L. A., Warren, R. M., Hoal, E. G., & van Helden, P. D. (2012) · Cytogenetic and Genome Research · doi:10.1159/000335464 · Cited by 4
“…of MC3R in metabolism, stress response and immune function is the discovery that both POMC and NPY/AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus express MC3R [Bagnol et al., 1999; Jégou et al., 2000], and therefore, altered activity in the receptor could have direct influence on hypothalamic POMC expression.”
BackgroundFassini, A., Scopinho, A. A., Fortaleza, E. A. T., Resstel, L. B. M., & Corrêa, F. M. D. A. (2021) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.11.020 · Cited by 3
Dalvi, P. S., Loganathan, N., McIlwraith, E. K., Tran, A., & Belsham, D. D. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819801-8.00002-8 · Cited by 3
Михрина, А. Л., Saveleva, L., Morina, I. Y., & Romanova, I. V. (2021) · Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology · doi:10.1134/s0022093021060259 · Cited by 3
Mikhailova, E. V., Sviridova, D. L., Romanova, I. V., Derkach, K. V., & Shpakov, A. O. (2021) · Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology · doi:10.1007/s11055-021-01119-w · Cited by 3
Le peptide YY3-36, une nouvelle arme thérapeutique contre l’obésité?
Jégou, S., Mounien, L., Boutelet, I., & Vaudry, H. (2003) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.1051/medsci/2003195537 · Cited by 3
“Par ailleurs, les neurones à POMC et NPY/AgRP expriment le récepteur MC3-R des mélanocortines [11, 12]; l’α-MSH libérée peut donc à la fois contrôler la libération de NPY et d’AgRP et en même temps exercer un rétro-contrôle sur sa propre production.”
Molecular mechanisms of cachexia in chronic disease
Kyrana, E., Briggs, S., & Dhawan, A. K. (2011) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1586/eem.11.87 · Cited by 3
Participation of agouti-related peptide in the regulation of the wakefulness-sleep cycle
Romanova, I. V., & Михрина, А. Л. (2013) · Human Physiology · doi:10.1134/s0362119713060108 · Cited by 3
Wang, X., Cui, X., Li, Y., Li, F. R., Li, Y., Dai, J., Hu, H., Wang, X., Sun, J., Yang, Y., et al. (2022) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db22-0162 · Cited by 3
Hypoxia inducible factor-dependent upregulation of Agrp in glomus type I cells of the carotid body
Mercado, L. L., Menendez-Montes, I., Tao, J., Chen, B., Olson, D. P., Mackaaij, C., Cleypool, C. G. J., & Gautron, L. (2025) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2025.102095 · Cited by 2
“Within the central nervous system (CNS), AgRP is exclusively concentrated in a speci fi c subset of neurons situated in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) [3 e 5].”
Witek, K., Wydra, K., Suder, A., & Filip, M. (2025) · Pharmacological Reports · doi:10.1007/s43440-025-00785-8 · Cited by 3
“Although Agrp and Pomc are predominantly expressed in hypothalamic nuclei, emerging evidence suggests that these neuropeptides or their mRNA may also be detected in meso-corticolimbic regions, either due to local expression or via projections from hypothalamic neurons [ 87–91].”
Significance of neuroendocrine systems and the gut-brain axis (GBA) in the regulation of obesity
Zhao, H., Li, Y., Cheng, R., Wang, Y., Ma, L., & Chen, W. (2026) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.20400 · Cited by 3
Gorvin, C. M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820472-6.00020-7 · Cited by 2
Brain Regulation of Feeding and Energy Homeostasis
Myers, M. G., Olson, D. P., Low, M. J., & Elias, C. F. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12125-3_22-1 · Cited by 2
Behavioural and neurogenetic study of mechanisms related to cat odour induced anxiety in rodents
Areda, T. (2006) · DSpace repository (University of Tartu) · Cited by 2
Wang, O. (2012) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) · Cited by 2
Neuropeptide Regulation of Appetite and Reproduction
Small, C., & Sa, S. (2004) · Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH) · Cited by 2
Shen, L. (2008) · doi:10.31390/gradschool_theses.2067 · Cited by 2
“MC3R mRNA was found coexpressed in both AGRP and POMC neurons in the ARC; however, neither AGRP nor POMC cells displayed MC4R mRNA (Bagnol et al.,1999).”
BackgroundMotivational dysregulation with melanocortin 4 receptor haploinsufficiency
Steiner, A. M., Roscoe, R. F., Booze, R. M., & Mactutus, C. F. (2024) · NeuroImmune Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1515/nipt-2024-0011 · Cited by 1
Evolution of the Melanocortin System
Leal, E., Muriach, B., & Cerdá‐Reverter, J. M. (2025) · Masterclass in neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80209-6_9 · Cited by 1
Recent developments in GPCR signalling in appetite regulation
Brittain, H. R., & Gorvin, C. M. (2026) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20250120 · Cited by 1
Brain Regulation of Feeding and Energy Homeostasis
Affinati, A. H., Elias, C. F., Olson, D. P., & Myers, M. G. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12125-3_22-2 · Cited by 1
Defining Predictors of Weight Loss Response to Lorcaserin
Sideri, A., Dimino, C., Panigrahi, S. K., Mayer, L. S., Smiley, R. M., Körner, J., & Wardlaw, S. L. (2023) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgad139 · Cited by 2
Lei, L., Gu, Y., Murphy, J. G., Yu, P., Smart, J. L., Low, M. J., & Fan, W. (2008) · Digital Commons - George Fox University (George Fox University) · Cited by 1
Appetite Regulatory Peptides and Insulin Resistance
Orbetzova, M. M. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/50977 · Cited by 1
“The majority of neurons expressing NPY in the hypothalamus are found within the ARC and most co-express AgRP [14].”
BackgroundInfluentialRomanova, I. V., Михрина, А. Л., & Chernysheva, M. P. (2014) · Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology · doi:10.1134/s0022093014050093 · Cited by 1
Obesity and Stress: The Melanocortin Connection
Singhal, S., & Hill, J. W. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-89506-2_11 · Cited by 1
The arcuate nucleus: its special place in the brain networks that control feeding behavior.
Beck, B., Zempleni, J., & Dakshinamurti, K. (2005) · Cited by 1
Putative Targets of CNS Melanocortin Receptor Activity
LAMAR, C. R., GARDNER, W., BRAZDA, A., & Kesterson, R. A. (2003) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03182.x · Cited by 1
Wittmann, G. (2008) · Hungarian Medical Journal · doi:10.1556/hmj.2.2008.28343 · Cited by 1
Candidate genes for obesity and related phenotypes
Swarbrick, M. M. (2002) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) · Cited by 1
Neuroanatomical dissection of the MC3R circuitry regulating energy rheostasisPreprint
Possa‐Paranhos, I. C., Butts, J., Pyszka, E., Nelson, C., Cho, D., & Sweeney, P. R. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.04.22.590573 · Cited by 1
The role of hypothalamic neuropeptides and BDNF in obesity and the effects of dietary intervention
Yu, Y. (2009) · Research Online (University of Wollongong)
Neurochemical mechanisms mediating LPS-induced anorexia
Kopf, B. S. (2009) · Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) · doi:10.3929/ethz-a-005901956
On the Molecular Pharmacology of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor
Nijenhuis, W. A. J. (2003) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Central Nervous System and Innate Immune Mechanisms for Inflammation- and Cancer-induced Anorexia
Ruud, J. (2012) · DiVA (Linkoping University)
Eating Disorders: Could They be Autoimmune Diseases?
Stevenson, M. (2006) · Eukaryon
The neural basis of estradiol conditioned taste aversion learning and estradiol anorexia
Hintiryan, H. (2012) · ProQuest Demo Repository · doi:10.25549/usctheses-m2130
Brain Stem Involvement in Immune and Aversive Challenge
Paues, J. (2006) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
MELANOCORTIN-4 RECEPTOR (MC4R) VARIANTS AND MEASURES OF ADIPOSITY IN THE GENERAL POPULATION
Lee, M. R. (2006) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
Lebrun, B., Bariohay, B., & Jean, A. (2006)
Jégou, S., Mounien, L., & Vaudry, H. (2015)
Molekulare Charakterisierung an der hypothalamischen Appetitregulation beteiligter Rezeptoren
Fakultät, D. D. M.-N., & Schön, L.-H. (2008)
Poritsanos, N. J. (2010) · Mspace (University of Manitoba)
DIFFERENTIAL SKELETAL MUSCLE ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN LEAN VS. OBESITY-PRONE RATS
Gavini, C. K. (2015) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network)
The preproglucagon derived peptides and energy homeostasis
Parker, J. (2013) · doi:10.25560/10956
The Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Human Obesity
Clark, S. J. (2012) · doi:10.25560/11607
Central Nervous System Nutrient-sensing and the Regulation of Energy and Glucose Homeostasis
Lam, K. L. C. (2010) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Peripheral and central pathways linking metabolic status and reproduction in male sheep
Zhang, S. (2005) · UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA)
Central Integration of Dietary Protein Signalling
Schwarz, J. (2010) · HAL
The Role of the Melanocortin System in Binge-Like Ethanol Consumption
Sprow, G. M. (2019) · Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) · doi:10.17615/bjny-bv21
ROL' D1-RETsEPTOROV DOFAMINA V REGULYaTsII EKSPRESSII POMK V ARKUTNOM YaDRE GIPOTALAMUSA
Михрина, А. Л., & Mikhaylova, E. V. (2016) · Medical academic journal · doi:10.17816/maj164223-224
The role of the melanocortin system in the regulation of the stress response
Romanova, I. V., Михрина, А. Л., & Mikhailova, E. V. (2020) · Integrative Physiology · doi:10.33910/2687-1270-2020-1-2-140-143
Hypothalamic cell types and circuits that drive behaviors essential for survival
Slocomb, J. E. (2018)
Senior Author Correspondence Information
(2004) · Recent Progress in Hormone Research · doi:10.1210/rp.59.1.1-v
Beck, B. (2005) · Oxidative stress and disease · doi:10.1201/9781420028362.ch23
Stranger Danger! The Role of Ghrelin in Modulation of Social Behavior
Park, S. (2017) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2017-12211
Metadata
- Authors
- Bagnol, D., Lu, X.-Y., Kaelin, C. B., Day, H. E. W., Ollmann, M., Gantz, I., Akil, H., Barsh, G. S., & Watson, S. J.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Mental Health Research Institute (AU)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1999-09-15
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- RC26-RC26
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6782481
- OpenAlex
- W1572502886
- Cited by
- 425
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (P01 MH 42251, P01MH042251)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK-54032-01, R01DK054032, DK 28506)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- agouti-related protein, proopiomelanocortin, melanocortin 3 receptor, melanocortin-4 receptor, melanocortin signaling, orexigenic peptides, product inhibition, neuroanatomy, feeding behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoradiography, Brain, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Nerve Fibers, Pro-Opiomelanocortin, Proteins, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, In Situ Hybridization, Receptors, Corticotropin, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 3, Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4, Rats, Agouti-Related Protein
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
