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Control of Amygdala Circuits by 5-HT Neurons via 5-HT and Glutamate Cotransmission
Open accessAbstract
The serotonin (5-HT) system and the amygdala are key regulators of emotional behavior. Several lines of evidence suggest that 5-HT transmission in the amygdala is implicated in the susceptibility and drug treatment of mood disorders. Therefore, elucidating the physiological mechanisms through which midbrain 5-HT neurons modulate amygdala circuits could be pivotal in understanding emotional regulation in health and disease. To shed light on these mechanisms, we performed patch-clamp recordings from basal amygdala (BA) neurons in brain slices from mice with channelrhodopsin genetically targeted to 5-HT neurons. Optical stimulation of 5-HT terminals at low frequencies (≤1 Hz) evoked a short-latency excitation of BA interneurons (INs) that was depressed at higher frequencies. Pharmacological analysis revealed that this effect was mediated by glutamate and not 5-HT because it was abolished by ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. Optical stimulation of 5-HT terminals at higher frequencies (10–20 Hz) evoked both slow excitation and slow inhibition of INs. These effects were mediated by 5-HT because they were blocked by antagonists of 5-HT2Aand 5-HT1Areceptors, respectively. These fast glutamate- and slow 5-HT-mediated responses often coexisted in the same neuron. Interestingly, fast-spiking and non-fast-spiking INs displayed differential modulation by glutamate and 5-HT. Furthermore, optical stimulation of 5-HT terminals did not evoke glutamate release onto BA principal neurons, but inhibited these cells directly via activation of 5-HT1Areceptors and indirectly via enhanced GABA release. Collectively, these findings suggest that 5-HT neurons exert a frequency-dependent, cell-type-specific control over BA circuitry via 5-HT and glutamate co-release to inhibit the BA output. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe modulation of the amygdala by serotonin (5-HT) is important for emotional regulation and is implicated in the pathogenesis and treatment of affective disorders. Therefore, it is essential to determine the physiological mechanisms through which 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nuclei modulate amygdala circuits. Here, we combined optogenetic, electrophysiological, and pharmacological approaches to study the effects of activation of 5-HT axons in the basal nucleus of the amygdala (BA). We found that 5-HT neurons co-release 5-HT and glutamate onto BA neurons in a cell-type-specific and frequency-dependent manner. Therefore, we suggest that theories on the contribution of 5-HT neurons to amygdala function should be revised to incorporate the concept of 5-HT/glutamate cotransmission.
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“~60% of DR serotonin neurons co-express the vesicular glutamate transporter Vglut3 in the rat (Gras et al., 2002) and co-release glutamate in the mouse (Liu et al., 2014; Sengupta et al., 2017).”
From Anatomically defined and functionally distinct dorsal raphe serotonin sub-systems (2018) · cites this paper as Sengupta et al., 2017
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sengupta, A., Bocchio, M., Bannerman, D. M., Sharp, T., & Capogna, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Sharp, Trevor
- Capogna, Marco
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2017-01-13
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1785-1796
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC5320609
- OpenAlex
- W2573649328
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 7.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Durham Research Online (Durham University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Scopus (Elsevier) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) (cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- University of Oxford
- National Institutes of Health
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- serotonin, glutamate co-release, amygdala, basal amygdala, dorsal raphe nucleus, 5-HT1A receptor, 5-HT2A receptor, interneurons, principal neurons, emotion regulation, mood disorders, GABA release, optogenetics, channelrhodopsin, ionotropic glutamate receptors, fast-spiking interneurons
- MeSH terms
- Channelrhodopsins, Amygdala, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Female, Luminescent Proteins, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Piperazines, Pyridines, Receptors, Serotonin, Serotonin, Serotonin Antagonists, Excitatory Amino Acid Agents, Glutamic Acid, GABA Antagonists, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Mice
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