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Different Species of α-Synuclein Oligomers Induce Calcium Influx and Seeding

Danzer, Karin M., Haasen, Dorothea, Karow, Anne R., Moussaud, Simon, Habeck, Matthias, Giese, Armin, Kretzschmar, Hans, Hengerer, Bastian, Kostka, Marcus·2007·The Journal of Neuroscience

Abstract

Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) has been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that prefibrillar oligomers and protofibrils, rather than mature fibrils of α-syn, are the pathogenic species in PD. Despite extensive effort on studying oligomerization of α-syn, no studies have compared different oligomer species directly on a single-particle level and investigated their biological effects on cells. In this study, we applied a novel highly sensitive single molecule detection system that allowed a direct comparison of different oligomer types. Furthermore, we studied biological effects of different oligomer types on cells. For this purpose, we developed new oligomerization protocols, that enabled the use of these different oligomers in cell culture. We found that all of our three aggregation protocols resulted in heterogeneous populations of oligomers. Some types of oligomers induced cell death via disruption of cellular ion homeostasis by a presumably pore-forming mechanism. Other oligomer types could directly enter the cell resulting in increased α-syn aggregation. Based on our results, we propose that under various physiological conditions, heterogeneous populations of oligomeric forms will coexist in an equilibrium. These different oligomer types lead directly or indirectly to cell damage. Our data indicate that inhibition of early α-syn aggregation events would consequently prevent all α-syn oligomer related toxicities. This has important implications for the development of disease-modifying drugs for the treatment of PD and other synucleinopathies.

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Crossref · 10.1523/jneurosci.2617-07.2007

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  • Oligomeric α-Syn species appear prone to uptake and spread from cell-to-cell in a prion-like manner, leading to templated misfolding of native α-Syn and formation of aggregates throughout the brain.

    “Particularly, the oligomeric α-Syn species appear to be prone to uptake and spread from cell-to-cell in a prion-like manner, leading to the templated misfolding of the native forms of α-Syn and formation of α-Syn aggregates throughout the brain, which are the defining pathological features of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy body (DLB) [12–19].”

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Metadata

Authors
Danzer, K. M., Haasen, D., Karow, A. R., Moussaud, S., Habeck, M., Giese, A., Kretzschmar, H., Hengerer, B., & Kostka, M.
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Published
2007-08-22
Volume
27
Issue
34
Pages
9220-9232
ISSN
  • 0270-6474
  • 1529-2401
Cited by
765
References
4
Language
en

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