The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Functional Dissociation of the Frontoinsular and Anterior Cingulate Cortices in Empathy for Pain
Open accessAbstract
The frontoinsular cortex (FI) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are thought to be involved in empathy for others' pain. However, the functional roles of FI and ACC in empathetic responses have not yet been clearly dissociated in previous studies. In this study, participants viewed color photographs depicting human body parts in painful or nonpainful situations and performed either pain judgment (painful/nonpainful) or laterality judgment (left/right) of the body parts. We found that activation of FI, rather than ACC, showed significant increase for painful compared with nonpainful images, regardless of the task requirement. Our data suggest a clear functional dissociation between FI and ACC in which FI is more domain-specific than ACC when processing empathy for pain.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Despite significant coactivation, these regions may have distinguishable functions (22, 23)”
From Hyperactive error responses and altered connectivity in ventromedial and frontoinsular cortices in obsessive-compulsive disorder (2011) · cites this paper as [22]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions
Stroop, J. R. (1935) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0054651 · Cited by 18,622
Dissociable intrinsic connectivity networks for salience processing and executive control
Seeley, W. W., Menon, V., Schatzberg, A. F., Keller, J., Glover, G. H., Kenna, H., Reiss, A. L., & Greicius, M. D. (2007) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5587-06.2007 · Cited by 7,426
How do you feel — now? The anterior insula and human awareness
(Bud) Craig, A. D. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2555 · Cited by 6,657 · cited 4×
“Considering the interoceptive function of the insula (Critchley et al., 2004; Craig, 2009), this process can be achieved through a direct mapping of another person’s physiological state to one’s own internal state in FI and its interconnected sensory regions (Carr et al., 2003; Singer et al., 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialThresholding of statistical maps in functional neuroimaging using the false discovery rate
Genovese, C. R., Lazar, N. A., & Nichols, T. (2002) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1006/nimg.2001.1037 · Cited by 4,923
Empathy: its ultimate and proximate bases
Preston, S. D., & de Waal, F. B. M. (2002) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x02000018 · Cited by 4,126
Empathy for Pain Involves the Affective but not Sensory Components of Pain
Singer, T., Seymour, B., O'Doherty, J., Kaube, H., Dolan, R. J., & Frith, C. D. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093535 · Cited by 3,929
Frith, C., & Frith, U. (2005) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.08.041 · Cited by 3,561
Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness
Critchley, H. D., Wiens, S., Rotshtein, P., Öhman, A., & Dolan, R. J. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1176 · Cited by 3,406 · cited 5×
“Considering the interoceptive function of the insula (Critchley et al., 2004; Craig, 2009), this process can be achieved through a direct mapping of another person’s physiological state to one’s own internal state in FI and its interconnected sensory regions (Carr et al.”
BackgroundInfluentialSridharan, D., Levitin, D. J., & Menon, V. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0800005105 · Cited by 2,892
Pain Affect Encoded in Human Anterior Cingulate But Not Somatosensory Cortex
Rainville, P., Duncan, G. H., Price, D. D., Carrier, B., & Bushnell, M. C. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5328.968 · Cited by 2,629
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–150 of 150
Jacot-Descombes, S., Keshav, N. U., Brosch, C. M. S., Wicinski, B. A., Warda, T., Norcliffe‐Kaufmann, L., Kaufmann, H., Varghese, M., & Hof, P. R. (2020) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/nlaa095 · Cited by 12
Self-citationValentini, E., & Koch, K. (2012) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00181.2012 · Cited by 10
Vachon‐Presseau, É., Roy, M., Martel, M. O., Albouy, G., Sullivan, M. J. L., Jackson, P. L., & Rainville, P. (2013) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2013.07.015 · Cited by 10
Suleiman, R., Yahya, R., Decety, J., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2018) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-018-9677-3 · Cited by 10
Wu, X., Jia, H., Zhao, K., Wang, E., & Li, Y. (2024) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsae020 · Cited by 9
Electroencephalography (EEG) Reveals Increased Frontal Activity in Social Presence
Soiné, A., Flöck, A. N., & Walla, P. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11060731 · Cited by 10
Brains in Jars: The Problem of Language in Neuroscientific Research
Scott, J. A., & Curran, C. M. (2010) · Mind Brain and Education · doi:10.1111/j.1751-228x.2010.01093.x · Cited by 9
The Brain That Understands Diversity: A Pilot Study Focusing on the Triple Network
Otsuka, T., Kokubun, K., Okamoto, M., & Yamakawa, Y. (2025) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci15030233 · Cited by 10
Regulating mirroring of emotions: A social-specific mechanism?
Sowden, S., Khemka, D., & Catmur, C. (2021) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218211049780 · Cited by 10
Influence of empathetic pain processing on cognition in schizophrenia
Hu, K., Lijffijt, M., Beauchaine, T. P., Fan, Z., Shi, H., & He, S. (2014) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-014-0565-x · Cited by 8
Group membership modulates empathic neural responses to pain in deaf individuals
Wu, X., Jia, H., Zhao, K., Guo, M., Lv, X., Ma, Y., & Wang, E. (2024) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhae113 · Cited by 8
Dubey, S., Dubey, M. J., Ghosh, R., Mitchell, A. J., Chatterjee, S., Das, S., Pandit, A., Ray, B. K., Das, G. C., & León, J. (2022) · Medical Research Archives · doi:10.18103/mra.v10i3.2707 · Cited by 8
Researches on empathy: Methodologies and characteristics from a psychophysiological perspective
Sun, Y., Ren, Q., Hu, L., Lü, X., & Huang, C. (2019) · Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version) · doi:10.1360/n972019-00276 · Cited by 7
The Neuroscience of Empathy: Research-Overview and Implications for Human-Centred Design
Plank, I. S., von Thienen, J. P. A., & Meinel, C. (2021) · Understanding innovation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-76324-4_6 · Cited by 10
He, Y., Ge, L., Yuan, J., Wang, Y., Zheng, D., Rui, A., Song, J., Hu, L., & Wei, G. (2024) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.14573 · Cited by 7
Empathy: A Social Neuroscience Perspective
Jean Decety, A., & Norman, G. J. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.56024-3 · Cited by 6
Brain games: Toward a neuroecology of social behavior
Gariépy, J., Chang, S. W. C., & Platt, M. L. (2013) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x12001938 · Cited by 5
Impaired empathy in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsy: An event-related potentials study
Jiang, Y., Mingyu, Z., Yu, F., & Wang, K. (2020) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107274 · Cited by 5
Role of the Insular Cortex in Emotional Awareness
Jumah, F. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-75468-0_18 · Cited by 5
Empathy gap – what do we know about empathizing with others′ pain?
Dopierała, A., Jankowiak-Siuda, K., & Boski, P. (2017) · Polish Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1515/ppb-2017-0014 · Cited by 4
Jean Decety, A., & Knafo, A. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397025-1.00177-9 · Cited by 5
Mencius’s Moral Psychology and Contemporary Cognitive Science
Seok, B. (2023) · Dao companions to Chinese philosophy · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-27620-0_29 · Cited by 3
The impact of shift work on pain recognition, a robust ability among intensive care nurses
Schmidt, L., Zabelberg, S., Schlatter, S., Adams, I., Douplat, M., Perchet, C., Lilot, M., Rey, A. E., & Mazza, S. (2023) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2150 · Cited by 3
Acute exercise suppresses judgments of facial emotion intensity
Brunyé, T. T., Howe, J. L., & Mahoney, C. R. (2013) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-013-9341-x · Cited by 3
Impaired pain empathic abilities among patients with functional dyspepsia
Hu, X., Zhang, S., Wu, L., Fan, Y., Wang, Q., Chen, X., Zhang, L., & Tian, Y. (2021) · Cognitive Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1080/13546805.2021.1897558 · Cited by 3
Li, W., Lv, Y., Duan, X., Guo, C., Yao, S., Yu, S., Tang, L., & Cheng, H. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.942036 · Cited by 3
Empathie: neurowissenschaftliche Grundlagen, klinische Implikationen und offene Fragestellungen
Ruckmann, J., & Rief, W. (2013) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000346611 · Cited by 3
Developmental Social Neuroscience
Decety, J., & Cowell, J. M. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119125556.devpsy220 · Cited by 3
Effects of vicarious pain on self-pain perception: investigating the role of awareness
Terrighena, E. L., Lu, G., Yuen, W.-P., Lee, T., & Roesmann, K. (2017) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s132744 · Cited by 2
Farb, N. A. S. (2012) · TSpace (University of Toronto) · Cited by 2
Hai, X., Wu, Q., Yang, Z., Wang, B., Wang, X., & Liu, P. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11121591 · Cited by 1
Decreased Empathy Response to Other’s Pain in Parents of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Qiu, X., Li, X., & Zhang, S. (2022) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000001525 · Cited by 1
Empathy, culture and brain - proposal for a large-scaled cross-cultural study
Stompe, T., Ritter, K. M., & Northoff, G. (2010) · Cited by 1
Hypnosis Without Empathy? Perspectives From Autistic Spectrum Disorder and Stage Hypnosis
Reid, D. B. (2015) · American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis · doi:10.1080/00029157.2015.1103204 · Cited by 2
Millecamps, M., Seminowicz, D. A., Bushnell, M. C., & Coderre, T. J. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop203009 · Cited by 1
Wang, Z., Goerlich, K. S., Chen, M., Xu, P., Luo, Y., & Aleman, A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.03.21.485174 · Cited by 1
Personality and Personality Disorder
van Elst, L. T., & van der Elst (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199796793.003.0025
The Neuroimaging of Vicarious Pain
Terrighena, E. L., & Lee, T. M. C. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48046-6_16 · Cited by 1
Philosophy and Psychology of Pain
Seok, B. (2015) · Human Beings Environment and Their Future · doi:10.34162/hefins.2015..15.001
Suleiman, R., Yahya, R., Decety, J., & Shamay‐Tsoory, S. (2014) · viXra
Art, Narrative, and Commitment: Creating Belief through Story
Simpson, Z. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99056-5_7
Otsuka, T., Kokubun, K., Okamoto, M., & Yamakawa, Y. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.06.05.23290953
The Neural Architecture of Violence-Related Socialization – Evidence from Functional Neuroimaging
Fehr, T. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98711-4_92-1 · Cited by 1
The Neural Architecture of Violence-Related Socialization: Evidence from Functional Neuroimaging
Fehr, T. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-31547-3_92
Gerrans, P. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191994395.003.0004
Yates, J. R. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-15602-0_15
Effects of acute alcohol on pain-related activity of the anterior and posterior insular cortices
Cushnie, A. K., Sevel, L. S., Bush, N. J., Nixon, S. J., Robinson, M. E., & Boissoneault, J. (2026) · Alcohol · doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2026.05.003
Wang, Y., Zx, M., Wang, Z., Xu, X., Xia, Z., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zong, Y., Ke, X., & Li, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1743755
Arafat, D., Jamal, J., Schauten, D., Boris Suchan, A., Juckel, G., & Thoma, P. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-70658-4
Metadata
- Authors
- Gu, X., Liu, X., Guise, K. G., Naidich, T. P., Hof, P. R., & Fan, J.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fan, Jin
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2010-03-10
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3739-3744
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC2845539
- OpenAlex
- W2109880731
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 23.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- James S. McDonnell Foundation (22002078)
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH083164, R21MH083164)
- National Center for Research Resources (MO1RR00071, M01RR000071)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- empathy for pain, frontoinsular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, functional dissociation, pain perception, domain specificity, mirror neuron system
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Empathy, Female, Frontal Lobe, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Male, Pain, Pain Measurement, Photic Stimulation, Pilot Projects, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review