Multiple Views of Participatory Design
Open accessAbstract
Professor Henry Sanoff is an internationally respected scholar who has been studying, publishing, and working with participatory design for more than forty years.His books and articles appear in several languages, and he has taught and served as a consultant all over the world.This article discusses the historical background of participatory design, its role in a democracy and in building community, and the different types of participation.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Supporting mutual understanding between different stakeholders has traditionally been one of the key missions of participatory processes.
“Traditionally, supporting mutual understanding between different stakeholders has been one of the key missions of participatory processes (Sanoff, 2011).”
From Designing learning technology collaboratively: analysis of a chatbot co-design (2023) · cites this paper as Sanoff, 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
de Tocqueville, A., Mansfield, H. C., & Winthrop, D. (2000) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118011690.ch12 · Cited by 6,287 · see citing works
(2008) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412953948.n339 · Cited by 3,237 · see citing works
Terms of empowerment/exemplars of prevention: Toward a theory for community psychology
Rappaport, J. (1987) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf00919275 · Cited by 2,450 · see citing works
Building Communities from the Inside Out: A Path Toward Finding and Mobilizing a Community's Assets
Kretzman, J. P., & McKnight, J. (1993) · Cited by 2,146 · see citing works
Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge
Chung, K. H., & Ouchi, W. G. (1982) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/257316 · Cited by 1,696 · see citing works
Public deliberation: pluralism, complexity, and democracy
(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-5341 · Cited by 1,543 · see citing works
ADVOCACY AND PLURALISM IN PLANNING
Davidoff, P. (1965) · Journal of the American Institute of Planners · doi:10.1080/01944366508978187 · Cited by 1,471 · see citing works
Finding Common Ground: The Importance of Place Attachment to Community Participation and Planning
Manzo, L. C., & Perkins, D. D. (2006) · Journal of Planning Literature · doi:10.1177/0885412205286160 · Cited by 1,354 · see citing works
Theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge
Ouchi, W. G. (1981) · Business Horizons · doi:10.1016/0007-6813(81)90031-8 · Cited by 1,216 · see citing works
(2005) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library) · Cited by 1,064 · see citing works
DELIBERATION AND DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY
Cohen, J. (2005) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203986820-28 · Cited by 1,033 · see citing works
Deliberation and Democratic Legitimacy
Cohen, J. (1997) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/2324.003.0006 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
Strategic Planning for Public and Nonprofit Organizations
Bryson, J. M. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.74043-8 · Cited by 774 · see citing works
(1996) · ACM eBooks · doi:10.1145/229868 · Cited by 629 · see citing works
Community Participation Methods in Design and Planning
Sanoff, H. (1999) · Cited by 569 · see citing works
Self-citationCommunity Participation Methods in Design and Planning
Yabes, R. A. (2000) · Landscape and Urban Planning · doi:10.1016/s0169-2046(00)00063-3 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Scandinavian Design: On Participation and Skill
Ehn, P. (2017) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780203744338-4 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Community organizing: An ecological route to empowerment and power
Speer, P. W., & Hughey, J. B. (1995) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf02506989 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Beyond binary choices: Integrating individual and social creativity
Fischer, G., Giaccardi, E., Eden, H., Sugimoto, M., & Ye, Y. (2005) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2005.04.014 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Participatory IT Design: Designing for Business and Workplace Realities
Bødker, K., Kensing, F., & Simonsen, J. (2004) · Cited by 346 · see citing works
The Ecology of Empowerment: Predicting Participation in Community Organizations
Perkins, D. D., Brown, B. B., & Taylor, R. B. (1996) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1996.tb01363.x · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Strategic planning for public and non-profit organizations
Coates, J. F. (1989) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/0040-1625(89)90060-7 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Participatory communication : working for change and development
White, S. A., Nair, K., & Ascroft, J. (1994) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 252 · see citing works
The Deliberative Practitioner: Encouraging Participatory Planning Processes
Forester, J. (1999) · MIT Press Books · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Speaking truth to power: Empowerment ideology as social intervention and policy
Perkins, D. D. (1995) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf02506991 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
By Popular Demand: Revitalizing Representative Democracy through Deliberative Elections
Beckfield, J., & Gastil, J. (2002) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3089523 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Scandinavian Design: On Participation and Skill
Ehn, P. (1993) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195075106.003.0008 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Webster's New International Dictionary
Pound, L., Neilson, W. A., Knott, T. A., & Carhart, P. W. (1935) · American Literature · doi:10.2307/2920346 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Whyte, W. F. (1992) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/00006199-199207000-00009 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Management Tools in Municipal Government: Trends over the Past Decade
Poister, T. H., & Streib, G. D. (1989) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.2307/977006 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Wulz, F. (1986) · Design Studies · doi:10.1016/0142-694x(86)90052-9 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Co-Design: A Process of Design Participation
King, S. H., Conley, M., Latimer, B., & Ferrari, D. (1989) · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Group Membership and Place Meanings in an Urban Neighborhood
Rivlin, L. G. (1982) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1982.tb01771.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
“Advocacy and Pluralism in Planning”
Davidoff, P. (2020) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429261732-57 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
By popular demand: Software estimating rules of thumb
Jones, C. (1996) · Computer · doi:10.1109/mc.1996.485905 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Connolly, W. E. (1969) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Citizen Participation: Effecting Community Change.
Cahn, E. S., & Passett, B. A. (1971) · Cited by 67 · see citing works
By popular demand: revitalizing representative democracy through deliberative elections
(2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-4723 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Hester, R. T. (1990) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 47 · see citing works
ISI's impact factor as misnomer: A proposed new measure to assess journal impact
Harter, S. P., & Nisonger, T. E. (1997) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4571(199712)48:12 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Noble, C. (1983) · Political Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2150537 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Building United Judgment: A Handbook for Consensus Decision Making
Avery, M. (1999) · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Community in Theory and Practice: A Framework for Intellectual Renewal
Morris, E. W. (1996) · Journal of Planning Literature · doi:10.1177/088541229601100107 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Participatory Pluralism: Political Participation and Influence in the United States and Sweden.
Bealmear, D. A., & Olsen, M. E. (1983) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2578332 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
(2004) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203492819-14 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Effective citizen involvement: How to make it happen
Bens, C. K. (1994) · National Civic Review · doi:10.1002/ncr.4100830107 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
By popular demand revitalizing representative democracy through deliberative elections
Gastil, J. (2000) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Building Citizen Support for Planning at the Community Level
Checkoway, B. N. (2017) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203788370-11 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Building Citizen Support for Planning at the Community Level
Checkoway, B. N. (1986) · The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare · doi:10.15453/0191-5096.1768 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 51 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Casrson, L. 2003. Building Sustainable Democracies. Paper presented at "Now We Are People Conference", University of Technology, Sydney, Australia.
- Rosener, J. 1978. Matching Method to Purpose: The Challenges of Planning Citizen Participation Activities. In S. Langton (ed.) Citizen Participation in America. New York: Lexington Books, New York.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Impact of Green Space on Violent Crime in Urban Environments: An Evidence Synthesis
Shepley, M. M., Sachs, N. A., Sadatsafavi, H., Fournier, C., & Peditto, K. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16245119 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Stakeholders’ Expectations in Urban Renewal Projects in China: A Key Step towards Sustainability
Zhuang, T., Qian, Q. K., Visscher, H. J., & Elsinga, M. G. (2017) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su9091640 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
An introduction to radical participatory design: decolonising participatory design processes
Udoewa, V. (2022) · Design Science · doi:10.1017/dsj.2022.24 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“Specifically, in western design practices of design, technology, and innovation companies, PD processes have increasingly become popular in the late twentieth century to today (Sanoff 2011; Hartson & Pyla 2012; Hess & Pipek 2012).”
BackgroundHow Do I matter? A Review of the Participatory Design Practice with Less Privileged Participants
Galleguillos, M. L. R., & Coşkun, A. (2020) · Participatory Design Conference · doi:10.1145/3385010.3385018 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Designing learning technology collaboratively: analysis of a chatbot co-design
Durall Gazulla, E., Martins, L., & Fernández-Ferrer, M. (2023) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-022-11162-w · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Social Innovation in the Built Environment: The Challenges Presented by the Politics of Space
Horgan, D., & Dimitrijević, B. (2020) · Urban Science · doi:10.3390/urbansci5010001 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Haraldseid-Driftland, C., Friberg, F., & Aase, K. (2016) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-016-0125-y · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Unearthing the political: differences, conflicts and power in participatory urban design
Calderón, C. (2019) · Journal of Urban Design · doi:10.1080/13574809.2019.1677146 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Construção de capital social através do placemaking
Kelkar, N. P., & Spinelli, G. (2016) · Strategic Design Research Journal · doi:10.4013/sdrj.2016.92.01 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Design multiple: How different configurations of participation matter in design practice
Fischer, B., Östlund, B., & Peine, A. (2021) · Design Studies · doi:10.1016/j.destud.2021.101016 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Circular and Flexible Infill Concepts: Integration of the Residential User Perspective
Geldermans, B., Tenpierik, M., & Luscuere, P. G. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11010261 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Developmental needs of workplace design practices
Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V., Haapakangas, A., & Reijula, K. E. (2015) · Intelligent Buildings International · doi:10.1080/17508975.2014.1001315 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Processes for Just Products: The Capability Space of Participatory Design
Frediani, A. A., & Boano, C. (2012) · Philosophy of engineering and technology · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-3879-9_12 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Towards a Revised Framework for Participatory Planning in the Context of Risk
Rizzi, P., & Porębska, A. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12145539 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Lean design improves both health-care facilities and processes: a literature review
Reijula, J., Nevala, N., Lahtinen, M., Ruohomäki, V., & Reijula, K. E. (2014) · Intelligent Buildings International · doi:10.1080/17508975.2014.901904 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Ryu, H., Lee, J. S., & Lee, S.-Y. (2017) · Journal of Urban Planning and Development · doi:10.1061/(asce)up.1943-5444.0000416 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Kantsperger, M., Thees, H., & Eckert, C. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11246947 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
MacKrill, J. B., Marshall, P., Payne, S. R., Dimitrokali, E., & Cain, R. L. (2016) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2016.08.005 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Le design au service de l’expérience patient
Côté, V., Bélanger, L., & Gagnon, C. (2017) · Sciences du Design · doi:10.3917/sdd.006.0054 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Designing Media Provenance Indicators to Combat Fake Media
Sherman, I. N., Stokes, J., & Redmiles, E. M. (2021) · International Symposium on Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection · doi:10.1145/3471621.3471860 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Laugaland, K. A., Gonzalez, M. T., McCormack, B. G., Skovdahl, K., Slettebø, Å., Billett, S. R., & Akerjordet, K. (2020) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040491 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Changing the Focus: Viewing Design-Led Events within Collaborative Planning
AlWaer, H., & Cooper, I. (2020) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su12083365 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Participatory Stakeholder Engagement in Design Studio Education
Dhadphale, T., & Wicks, B. (2022) · International Journal of Art & Design Education · doi:10.1111/jade.12427 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Participatory Design revisited: framings, key features, and its boundary with co-design
Yu, J. (2025) · CoDesign · doi:10.1080/15710882.2025.2573020 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hadlos, A. (2021) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102490 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Community Engagement in Crime Reduction Strategies: A Tale of Three Cities
Nubani, L., Fierke-Gmazel, H., Madill, H., & Biasi, A. D. (2023) · Journal of Participatory Research Methods · doi:10.35844/001c.57526 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Current management of odontoid fractures
Jaiswal, A. K., Sharma, M. S., Behari, S., Lyngdoh, B. T., Jain, S., & Jain, V. K. (2005) · Indian Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1016/s0973-0508(05)80003-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Knowledge spaces in architecture and urbanism – a preliminary five-year chronicle
Salama, A. M. (2022) · International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR · doi:10.1108/arch-12-2021-0360 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Young carers as co-designers of a web-based support system – the views of two publics
Elf, M., Rystedt, H., Lundin, J., & Krevers, B. (2012) · Informatics for Health and Social Care · doi:10.3109/17538157.2012.678450 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Coding Engines in Participatory Social Housing Design—A Case to Revisit Pattern Languages
Bukovszki, V., Dóci, G., & Reith, A. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13063367 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Design-led events in collaborative planning: improving post-event planning and delivery
AlWaer, H., Rintoul, S., & Cooper, I. (2021) · International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR · doi:10.1108/arch-03-2021-0057 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
AlWaer, H., Rintoul, S., & Cooper, I. (2021) · International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR · doi:10.1108/arch-10-2020-0246 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Cohousing design guidelines for better social integration in the United Arab Emirates
Yahia, M. W., Mushtaha, E. S. N., Yassin, S. A., AlFoudari, K. A., Atoum, Y. A., Opoku, A., Dirar, S., & Maksoud, A. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Built Environment · doi:10.3389/fbuil.2023.1155179 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Salvem el Cabanyal: Urban movements and their claim for the “Right to the City”
Eslava, L. N. (2014) · VLC arquitectura Research Journal · doi:10.4995/vlc.2014.2813 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Materials sovereignty: Pathways for shaping nanotechnology design
Kokai, A., & Iles, A. (2020) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.410 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Grosjean, S. (2022) · Approches Théoriques en Information-Communication (ATIC) · doi:10.3917/atic.004.0103 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Tavy, Z. K. C. T., van Bochove, M. E., Dikken, J., von Faber, M., Rusinovic, K. M., van der Pas, S., & van Hoof, J. (2022) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings12030367 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Future newspapers as a participatory design tool for Chinese rural service innovation
Lin, Z., & Wu, Y. (2024) · The Design Journal · doi:10.1080/14606925.2023.2292903 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Citizen science projects in the context of participatory approaches: The case of Izmir
Özden, P., & Velibeyoğlu, K. (2023) · Journal of Design for Resilience in Architecture and Planning · doi:10.47818/drarch.2023.v4i1081 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Costanza‐Chock, S. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192889898.003.0021 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Collaboration in architectural design studio pedagogy: a literature review
Joseph, A. E., Kroll, D., Srivastava, A., Sharifi, E., & Datey, A. (2025) · CoDesign · doi:10.1080/15710882.2025.2546426 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Connecting citizens through participatory design activities: Lessons from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Mariotti, J., McGrath, T., Kwasny, J., Cox, S. F., Alengaram, U. J., Darvish, P. H., & Soutsos, M. N. (2023) · The Design Journal · doi:10.1080/14606925.2023.2201490 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Facetas de la co-creación urbana
Sève, B., Domínguez, E. R., & Sega, R. (2023) · ACE Arquitectura Ciudad y Entorno · doi:10.5821/ace.17.51.11694 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Land, Letṧema and Leola: Digital Transformation on a Rural Community’s Own Terms
Magoro, K. D., & Bidwell, N. J. (2022) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-12825-7_4 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Designing Multigenerational Dwelling: A Workshop with Four Flemish Architecture Firms
Gerards, S., Ridder, R. D., & BLEECKERE, S. D. (2015) · International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR · doi:10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i2.658 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Al-Harithy, H., & Yassine, B. (2023) · Land · doi:10.3390/land12071400 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Raposo, I., Crespo, J. L., & Lages, J. P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53477-0_11 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
GENDER MAINSTREAMING AS A KNOWLEDGE COMPONENT OF URBAN PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Fesenko, T. (2017) · Bulletin of NTU KhPI Series Strategic Management Portfolio Program and Project Management · doi:10.20998/2413-3000.2017.1225.4 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Design for Resilience: Mapping the needs of Brazilian communities to tackle COVID-19 challenges
Braga, M. F., Filho, E. R., Mendonça, R. M. L. O., de Oliveira, L. G. R., & Pereira, H. G. G. (2020) · Strategic Design Research Journal · doi:10.4013/sdrj.2020.133.07 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Aspects of Designing Inclusively from Practitioner Perspectives
Lamirande, M. (2022) · Architecture · doi:10.3390/architecture2030028 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Toward an Architecture of Dissensus: Participatory Urbanism in South-East Asia
Boano, C., & Kelling, E. (2013) · FOOTPRINT · doi:10.59490/footprint.7.2.769 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
New Zealand learning environments: The role of design and the design process
Alsaif, F. (2014) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17009513.v1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Candeloro, G., Mastrolonardo, L., Angrilli, M., Crociata, A., & Sacco, P. L. (2024) · Frontiers in Built Environment · doi:10.3389/fbuil.2024.1446919 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Co-design for staff professional learning within universities: a case study
Kelly, N., Brophy, C., Scharoun, L., Finger, M., & Meth, D. (2023) · Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1108/jarhe-12-2022-0381 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Co-Learning Scenarios with the Community: Democratic Practices In and Out of the Design Studio
Merter, S. (2024) · Temes de disseny · doi:10.46467/tdd40.2024.74-91 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Jhun, N. K., Shari, Z., & Hassan, M. M. (2025) · International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development · doi:10.1080/19463138.2025.2455618 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Design Probes in a Pandemic: Two Tales of Hybrid Radical Placemaking from Ireland and Australia
Slingerland, G., Gonsalves, K., & Murray, M. (2022) · Australian Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (OzCHI) · doi:10.1145/3572921.3572931 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Housing customization: envisioning an interface to support co-design processes
Raposo, M., Eloy, S., & Dias, M. S. (2024) · International Journal of Architectural Research Archnet-IJAR · doi:10.1108/arch-04-2024-0144 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Melichová, K., & Hrivnák, M. (2025) · Urban Planning · doi:10.17645/up.9133 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Planning Connected: Using Online Social Networks to Improve Knowledge about Places and Communities
Ray, A. P. (2011) · doi:10.15368/theses.2011.136 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Knecht, K., Stefanescu, D. A., & Koenig, R. (2019) · eCAADe proceedings · doi:10.52842/conf.ecaade.2019.1.785 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Unlocking design potential: Design with people diagnosed with schizophrenia
Lindberg, S., Jormfeldt, H., & Bergquist, M. (2017) · Informatics for Health and Social Care · doi:10.1080/17538157.2017.1363762 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Eloy, S., Raposo, M., Costa, F., & Vermaas, P. E. (2021) · Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation/Advances in science, technology & innovation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-57509-0_9 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
(Re)viver as roças: reabilitação participada das roças de São Tomé e Príncipe
Vicente, M. A. G. (2016) · Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo (SIIU) · doi:10.5821/siiu.6290 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
TERLEMEZ, A. K. (2017) · The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication · doi:10.7456/10801100/014 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ruiqi, D. (2019) · Athens Journal of Architecture · doi:10.30958/aja.6-1-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Evaluation of Variables Constituting Urban Consciousness in Ankara by Factor Analysis
Alkan, L. (2020) · Journal of Planning · doi:10.14744/planlama.2020.88942 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Securing Healthy Circular Material Flows In The Built Environment
Geldermans, B. (2020) · Architecture and the Built Environment · doi:10.59490/abe.2020.06.5038 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Rethinking Design Through (Re)Investigating Participatory Design
Alkhalaf, M. N. A. (2022) · Advances in media, entertainment and the arts (AMEA) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6376-5.ch010 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Challenges And Opportunities In Participatory Urban Design: Highlights From The Turkish Cases
ARSLAN, Ö., & Erol, N. K. (2023) · METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture · doi:10.4305/metu.jfa.2023.2.8 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Enhancing Participatory Design Through Blockchain
Whelan, B. (2024) · Preservation Digital Technology & Culture · doi:10.1515/pdtc-2024-0005 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Cui, Y., Gjerde, M., & Marques, B. (2024) · Land · doi:10.3390/land13091412 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
An investigation of user participation in the architectural design process in Palestine
Saleh, A., Rafi, A., Woods, P., Senan, Z. B., & Marei, K. (2011) · IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD) · doi:10.1109/scored.2011.6148787 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Social Climate and Classroom Adaptations for Blended Learning Practices
Sarmento, T. S., Gomes, A. S., & Moreira, F. (2020) · Journal of Information Technology Research · doi:10.4018/jitr.2020070101 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ang, S., Ramadevi, N., & Nawawi, N. M. (2021) · Environmental science and engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61891-9_2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Vermaas, P. E., & Eloy, S. (2021) · Philosophy of engineering and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-52313-8_12 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Towards a More Inclusive and Engaging Virtual Reality Framework for Social Learning Spaces
Scavarelli, A. (2023) · doi:10.22215/etd/2023-15708 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Thinking tools for moving across boundaries
Perrault, S. T., Verba, S., Ahmed, S., Dudani, P., & Kato, Y. (2015) · ACM International Conference on Design of Communication (SIGDOC) · doi:10.1145/2775441.2775485 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Karimi, H., Adibhesami, M. A., Ghasemi, M., Doost, P. B., Pajani, F., & Riahi, M. (2024) · Urban sustainability · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-1116-4_8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Designing to elicit future affective potential: Café 2057
Makinde, O., Spackman, C., Rodriguez, A. R., Kuznetsov, S., & Wharton, C. M. (2025) · Futures · doi:10.1016/j.futures.2025.103684 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Co-designing wearables: The importance of enabling a lack of consensus within the design process
Ankeny, U. (2026) · The Design Journal · doi:10.1080/14606925.2026.2684710 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Watchorn, V., Frawley, P., Tucker, R., & Hitch, D. (2026) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2026.2723366 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
ANALYSIS BASED EVOLUTIONARY DESIGN: SURFACE CLEANING DEVICE EXAMPLE
Keçel, S., & Toğay, A. (2017) · The Turkish Online Journal of Design Art and Communication · doi:10.7456/10702100/002 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Teach Design to Surgical Trainees: One Small Step for Surgeons, One Giant Leap for Surgery
Sathe, T. S., Relles, D. M., Ho, D., & Lee, H. (2023) · Journal of surgical education · doi:10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.09.012 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Integrating Service-Learning Earlier in Architectural Curriculums through Engaged Design
Newton, D. (2022) · Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture Annual Meeting (ACSA) · doi:10.35483/acsa.am.110.64 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Reflection and Practice of Design in Sustainable Community Building
Meng, Y., & Huang, L. (2024) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-76803-3_8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Scott, J., Magan, I. M., & Benson, O. G. (2025) · Journal of Community Practice · doi:10.1080/10705422.2025.2606179 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Empowering design practices: exploring relations between architecture, faith, society and community
Alexiou, K., Zamenopoulos, T., Hale, V., West, S., & de Sousa, S. (2020) · Open Arts Journal · doi:10.5456/issn.2050-3679/2020w05 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Design Thinking for Computer-Aided Co-Design in Architecture and Urban Design
Chowdhury, S. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.98938 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Algoritimos participativos: uma ferramenta computacional de produtividade
Backheuser, L. A. F. (2020) · doi:10.11606/t.16.2020.tde-29032021-011814 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Development of the User Interface
(2019) · Advances in civil and industrial engineering book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-8958-7.ch006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
O usuário e o processo de projeto: co-design em edifícios de saúde
Caixeta, M. C. B. F. (2016) · doi:10.11606/t.102.2016.tde-23032016-121907
Karslı, U. T. (2020) · Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-4159-3.ch007
Community Participation in Self-Developed Areas and Development ProjectsPreprint
Amer, N. (2017) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3163303
Karslı, U. T. (2022) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-4503-7.ch007
- Authors
- Sanoff, H.
- Affiliations
- North Carolina State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sanoff, Henry
- ORCID
- Sanoff, Henry
- Venue
- Focus
- Publisher
- Robert E. Kennedy Library, Cal Poly
- Published
- 2011-04-01
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 1549-3776 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2096124464
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 9.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Focus The Journal of Planning Practice and Education (publishedVersion)
- DigitalCommons - CalPoly (California State Polytechnic University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development
- Social Sciences › Geography, Planning and Development › Local Governance and Planning
- Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Collaborative and Sustainable Housing Initiatives
- Keywords
- participatory design, democracy, community building, types of participation, community planning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review