The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Trends in Acute Otitis Media-Related Health Care Utilization by Privately Insured Young Children in the United States, 1997–2004
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The goal was to estimate the population effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on rates of acute otitis media-related ambulatory visits and antibiotic prescriptions for <2-year-old children enrolled in private insurance plans. METHODS. We performed a retrospective analysis of a defined population by using the 1997–2004 MarketScan databases, which included an average of >500000 person-years of observations for children <2 years of age. Trends in rates of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision-coded ambulatory visits and antibiotic prescriptions attributable to acute otitis media were evaluated, and the national direct medical expenditures for these outcomes were estimated. RESULTS. In a comparison of 2004 with 1997–1999 (baseline period), rates of ambulatory visits and antibiotic prescriptions attributable to acute otitis media decreased from 2173 to 1244 visits per 1000 person-years (42.7% reduction) and from 1244 to 722 prescriptions per 1000 person-years (41.9% reduction), respectively. Total, estimated, national direct medical expenditures for acute otitis media-related ambulatory visits and antibiotic prescriptions for children <2 years of age decreased from an average of $1.41 billion during 1997 to 1999 to $0.95 billion in 2004 (32.3% reduction). CONCLUSIONS. Acute otitis media-related health care utilization and associated antibiotic prescriptions for privately insured young children decreased more than expected (on the basis of efficacy estimates in prelicensure clinical trials) after the introduction of routine 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine immunization. Although other factors, such as clinical practice guidelines to reduce antibiotic use, might have contributed to the observed trend, 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine may play an important role in reducing the burden of acute otitis media, resulting in substantial savings in medical care costs.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Casella, G., & Berger, R. (2024) · Chapman & Hall/CRC eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781003456285 · Cited by 5,711
Efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children
BLACK, S., SHINEFIELD, H., FIREMAN, B., LEWIS, E., RAY, P., HANSEN, J. R., ELVIN, L., ENSOR, K. M., HACKELL, J., SIBER, G., et al. (2000) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-200003000-00003 · Cited by 2,293
Whitney, C. G., Farley, M. M., Hadler, J., Harrison, L. H., Bennett, N. M., Lynfield, R., Reingold, A., Cieslak, P. R., Pilishvili, T., Jackson, D., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa022823 · Cited by 2,228
Efficacy of a Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine against Acute Otitis Media
Eskola, J., Kilpi, T., Palmu, A., Jokinen, J., Eerola, M., Haapakoski, J., Herva, E., Takala, A., Käyhty, H., Karma, P., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200102083440602 · Cited by 1,455
ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES
Abramson, J. S., Pickering, L., Gilsdorf, J. R., Dunne, E. M., Lawson, H. W., Dubin, G. O., Barr, E., Chesson, H. W., Garnett, G. P., & Markowitz, L. E. (2006) · Cited by 932
Diagnosis and Management of Acute Otitis Media
Media, S. O. M. O. A. O. (2004) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.113.5.1451 · Cited by 902
Kyaw, M. H., Lynfield, R., Schaffner, W., Craig, A. S., Hadler, J., Reingold, A., Thomas, A. R., Harrison, L. H., Bennett, N. M., Farley, M. M., et al. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa051642 · Cited by 881
The Diagnosis and Management of Acute Otitis Media
(2021) · Pediatric Clinical Practice Guidelines & Policies, 21st Ed · doi:10.1542/9781610025034-part01-the_diagnosis · Cited by 692
Grijalva, C. G., Nuorti, J. P., Arbogast, P. G., Martin, S. W., Edwards, K. M., & Griffin, M. R. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60564-9 · Cited by 667
Self-citationImpact of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on otitis media
FIREMAN, B., BLACK, S. B., SHINEFIELD, H. R., LEE, J., LEWIS, E., & RAY, P. (2003) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/00006454-200301000-00006 · Cited by 477
Cited by
Clinical Practice Guideline: Otitis Media with Effusion (Update)
Rosenfeld, R. M., Shin, J. J., Schwartz, S. R., Coggins, R., Gagnon, L., Hackell, J. M., Hoelting, D., Hunter, L. L., Kummer, A. W., Payne, S. C., et al. (2016) · Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1177/0194599815623467 · Cited by 2,006
The Diagnosis and Management of Acute Otitis Media
Lieberthal, A. S., Carroll, A. E., Chonmaitree, T., Ganiats, T. G., Hoberman, A., Jackson, M. A., Joffe, M. D., Miller, D. T., Rosenfeld, R. M., Sevilla, X. D., et al. (2013) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2012-3488 · Cited by 1,442
Pettigrew, M. M., Laufer, A. S., Gent, J. F., Kong, Y., Fennie, K. P., & Metlay, J. P. (2012) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01051-12 · Cited by 183
National Trends in Visit Rates and Antibiotic Prescribing for Children With Acute Sinusitis
Shapiro, D. J., Gonzales, R., Cabana, M. D., & Hersh, A. L. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1340 · Cited by 66
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhou, F., Shefer, A., Kong, Y., & Nuorti, J. P.
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2008-02-01
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 253-260
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W1975514483
- Cited by
- 273
- References
- 28
- FWCI
- 30.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Trends in Acute Otitis Media-Related Health Care Utilization by Privately Insured Young Children in the United States, 1997–2004. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1542/peds.2007-0619
- The paper
- Zhou, F., Shefer, A., Kong, Y., & Nuorti, J. P. (2008). Trends in Acute Otitis Media-Related Health Care Utilization by Privately Insured Young Children in the United States, 1997–2004. Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2007-0619
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
