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Cited by 162Global Health Workforce IssuesMental Health Treatment and AccessDiversity and Career in Medicine

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Growth and Distribution of Child Psychiatrists in the United States: 2007–2016

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McBain, Ryan K., Kofner, Aaron, Stein, Bradley D., Cantor, Jonathan H., Vogt, William B., Yu, Hao·2019·Pediatrics
DOI 10.1542/peds.2019-1576PMC PMC6889947
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Historically, there has been a shortage of child psychiatrists in the United States, undermining access to care. This study updated trends in the growth and distribution of child psychiatrists over the past decade. METHODS: Data from the Area Health Resource Files were used to compare the number of child psychiatrists per 100 000 children ages 0 to 19 between 2007 and 2016 by state and county. We also examined sociodemographic characteristics associated with the density of child psychiatrists at the county level over this period using negative binomial multivariable models. RESULTS: From 2007 to 2016, the number of child psychiatrists in the United States increased from 6590 to 7991, a 21.3% gain. The number of child psychiatrists per 100 000 children also grew from 8.01 to 9.75, connoting a 21.7% increase. County- and state-level growth varied widely, with 6 states observing a decline in the ratio of child psychiatrists (ID, IN, KS, ND, SC, and SD) and 6 states increasing by >50% (AK, AR, NH, NV, OK, and RI). Seventy percent of counties had no child psychiatrists in both 2007 and 2016. Child psychiatrists were significantly more likely to practice in high-income counties (P < .001), counties with higher levels of postsecondary education (P < .001), and metropolitan counties compared with those adjacent to metropolitan regions (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Despite the increased ratio of child psychiatrists per 100 000 children in the United States over the past decade, there remains a dearth of child psychiatrists, particularly in parts of the United States with lower levels of income and education.

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  1. American Medical Association. AMA Physician Masterfile. 2019. Available at: https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-management/masterfile/ama-physician-masterfile. Accessed February 21, 2019

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Metadata

Authors
McBain, R. K., Kofner, A., Stein, B. D., Cantor, J. H., Vogt, W. B., & Yu, H.
Affiliations
  • RAND Corporation (US)
  • University of Georgia (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
McBain, Ryan K.
ORCID
Venue
Pediatrics
Publisher
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Published
2019-12-01
Volume
144
Issue
6
ISSN
  • 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-4275
DOI
10.1542/peds.2019-1576
PMC
PMC6889947
OpenAlex
W2986510570
Cited by
162
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 1
FWCI
27.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • PEDIATRICS (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH112760)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Global Health Workforce Issues
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Diversity and Career in Medicine
Keywords
child psychiatrists, workforce shortage, access to mental health care, physician density, county-level distribution, sociodemographic factors, income inequality, educational attainment, metropolitan areas
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Career Choice, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatry, Retrospective Studies, United States, Neurodevelopmental Disorders

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