The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 30 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Children
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Describe population-based rates and risk factors for pediatric severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (ie, ICU admission, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death). METHODS: During March 2020 to May 2021, the COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network identified 3106 children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in 14 states. Among 2293 children primarily admitted for COVID-19, multivariable generalized estimating equations generated adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the associations between demographic and medical characteristics abstracted from patient electronic medical records and severe COVID-19. We calculated age-adjusted cumulative population-based rates of severe COVID-19 among all children. RESULTS: Approximately 30% of hospitalized children had severe COVID-19; 0.5% died during hospitalization. Among hospitalized children aged <2 years, chronic lung disease (aRR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.3), neurologic disorders (aRR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5‒2.6), cardiovascular disease (aRR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2‒2.3), prematurity (aRR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1‒2.2), and airway abnormality (aRR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1‒2.2) were associated with severe COVID-19. Among hospitalized children aged 2 to 17 years, feeding tube dependence (aRR: 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5‒2.5), diabetes mellitus (aRR: 1.9; 95% CI: 1.6‒2.3) and obesity (aRR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0‒1.4) were associated with severe COVID-19. Severe COVID-19 occurred among 12.0 per 100 000 children overall and was highest among infants, Hispanic children, and non-Hispanic Black children. CONCLUSIONS: Results identify children at potentially higher risk of severe COVID-19 who may benefit from prevention efforts, including vaccination. Rates establish a baseline for monitoring changes in pediatric illness severity after increased availability of COVID-19 vaccines and the emergence of new variants.
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Cites
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in U.S. Children and Adolescents
Feldstein, L. R., Rose, E. B., Horwitz, S. M., Collins, J. P., Newhams, M. M., Son, M. B. F., Newburger, J. W., Kleinman, L. C., Heidemann, S. M., Martin, A. A., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2021680 · Cited by 2,643
Garg, S., Kim, L., Whitaker, M., O’Halloran, A., Cummings, C., Holstein, R., Prill, M., Chai, S. J., Kirley, P. D., Alden, N. B., et al. (2020) · MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e3 · Cited by 2,335
Self-citationMackey, K., Ayers, C. K., Kondo, K. K., Saha, S., Advani, S. M., Young, S., Spencer, H., Rusek, M., Anderson, J., Veazie, S., et al. (2021) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m20-6306 · Cited by 1,076
Shekerdemian, L. S., Mahmood, N. R., Wolfe, K. K., Riggs, B. J., Ross, C. E., McKiernan, C. A., Heidemann, S. M., Kleinman, L. C., Sen, A. I., Hall, M. W., et al. (2020) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1948 · Cited by 985
Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the BNT162b2 covid-19 vaccine in adolescents
Frenck, R. W., Klein, N. P., Kitchin, N., Gurtman, A., Absalon, J., Lockhart, S., Perez, J. L., Walter, E. B., Senders, S., Bailey, R., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2107456 · Cited by 889
Feldstein, L. R., Tenforde, M. W., Friedman, K. G., Newhams, M., Rose, E. B., Dapul, H., Soma, V. L., Maddux, A. B., Mourani, P. M., Bowens, C., et al. (2021) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2091 · Cited by 817
Kim, L., Garg, S., O’Halloran, A., Whitaker, M., Pham, H., Anderson, E. J., Armistead, I., Bennett, N. M., Billing, L., Como-Sabetti, K., et al. (2021) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1012 · Cited by 649
Self-citationOliver, S. E., Gargano, J. W., Marin, M., Wallace, M., Curran, K. G., Chamberland, M., McClung, N., Campos-Outcalt, D., Morgan, R. L., Mbaeyi, S., et al. (2020) · MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6950e2 · Cited by 536
Self-citationKim, L., Whitaker, M., O’Halloran, A., Kambhampati, A., Chai, S. J., Reingold, A., Armistead, I., Kawasaki, B., Meek, J., Yousey-Hindes, K., et al. (2020) · MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6932e3 · Cited by 513
Self-citationZachariah, P., Johnson, C. L., Halabi, K. C., Ahn, D., Sen, A. I., Fischer, A., Banker, S. L., Giordano, M., Manice, C. S., Diamond, R., et al. (2020) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.2430 · Cited by 511
Metadata
- Authors
- Woodruff, R. C., Campbell, A. P., Taylor, C. A., Chai, S. J., Kawasaki, B., Meek, J., Anderson, E. J., Weigel, A., Monroe, M. L., Reeg, L., Bye, E., Sosin, D. M., Muse, A., Bennett, N. M., Billing, L. M., Sutton, M., Talbot, H. K., McCaffrey, K., Pham, H., Patel, K., Whitaker, M., McMorrow, M., & Havers, F.
- Venue
- Pediatrics
- Publisher
- American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
- Published
- 2021-12-22
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 1
- ISSN
- 0031-4005 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-4275
- OpenAlex
- W3206454332
- Cited by
- 268
- References
- 30
- FWCI
- 16.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Woodruff, R. C., Campbell, A. P., Taylor, C. A., Chai, S. J., Kawasaki, B., Meek, J., Anderson, E. J., Weigel, A., Monroe, M. L., Reeg, L., Bye, E., Sosin, D. M., Muse, A., Bennett, N. M., Billing, L. M., Sutton, M., Talbot, H. K., McCaffrey, K., Pham, H., . . . Havers, F. (2022). Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19 in Children. Pediatrics. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-053418
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