The DOI matches its Crossref record; 157 of the 157 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Parkinson’s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology, and Pathogenesis
Open accessAbstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. While a number of nonmotor manifestations arise, the typical clinical features involve a movement disorder consisting of bradykinesia, resting tremor, and rigidity, with postural instability occurring at a later stage. The cause of PD is not known, but a number of genetic risk factors have now been characterized, as well as several genes which cause rare familial forms of PD. Environmental influences such as smoking, caffeine consumption, and pesticide exposure have been postulated to alter the risk of PD development, although the role of these remains unclear. The movement disorder arises due to the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, with the pathological hallmark being intracellular aggregates of α-synuclein, in the form of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. Several processes have been implicated in PD, including mitochondrial dysfunction, defective protein clearance mechanisms, and neuroinflammation, but the way in which these factors interact remains incompletely understood.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease
Braak, H., Tredici, K. D., Rüb, U., de Vos, R. A. I., Jansen Steur, E. N. H., & Braak, E. (2003) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/s0197-4580(02)00065-9 · Cited by 10,777
Spillantini, M. G., Schmidt, M. L., Lee, V. M.-Y., Trojanowski, J. Q., Jakes, R., & Goedert, M. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/42166 · Cited by 8,382
Mutation in the α-Synuclein Gene Identified in Families with Parkinson's Disease
Polymeropoulos, M. H., Lavedan, C., Leroy, E., Ide, S. E., Dehejia, A., Dutra, A., Pike, B., Root, H., Rubenstein, J., Boyer, R., et al. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.276.5321.2045 · Cited by 8,240
Kalia, L. V., & Lang, A. E. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61393-3 · Cited by 6,184
Mutations in the parkin gene cause autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism
Kitada, T., Asakawa, S., Hattori, N., Matsumine, H., Yamamura, Y., Minoshima, S., Yokochi, M., Mizuno, Y., & Shimizu, N. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/33416 · Cited by 5,227
Chronic Parkinsonism in Humans Due to a Product of Meperidine-Analog Synthesis
Langston, J. W., Ballard, P., Tetrud, J. W., & Irwin, I. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6823561 · Cited by 4,914
α-Synuclein Locus Triplication Causes Parkinson's Disease
Singleton, A. B., Farrer, M., Johnson, J., Singleton, A., Hague, S., Kachergus, J., Hulihan, M., Peuralinna, T., Dutra, A., Nussbaum, R., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1090278 · Cited by 4,383
AlaSOPro mutation in the gene encoding α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease
Krüger, R., Kuhn, W., Müller, T., Woitalla, D., Graeber, M., Kösel, S., Przuntek, H., Epplen, J. T., Schols, L., & Riess, O. (1998) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0298-106 · Cited by 3,836
Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson's disease
Betarbet, R., Sherer, T. B., MacKenzie, G., Garcia-Osuna, M., Panov, A. V., & Greenamyre, J. T. (2000) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/81834 · Cited by 3,683
AGEING AND PARKINSON'S DISEASE: SUBSTANTIA NIGRA REGIONAL SELECTIVITY
FEARNLEY, J. M., & LEES, A. J. (1991) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/114.5.2283 · Cited by 3,529
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- 10.1002/1531-8249(199910)46:4<598::AID-ANA7>3.0.CO;2-F · DOI
- 10.1289/ehp.1002839 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Microglia Phenotypes in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Wendimu, M. Y., & Hooks, S. B. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11132091 · Cited by 336
Glucagon-like peptide-1: a multi-faceted anti-inflammatory agent
Mehdi, S. F., Pusapati, S., Anwar, M. S., Lohana, D., Kumar, P., Nandula, S. A., Nawaz, F. K., Tracey, K., Yang, H., LeRoith, D., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148209 · Cited by 317
Dentamaro, V., Impedovo, D., Musti, L., Pirlo, G., & Taurisano, P. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-70165-4 · Cited by 116
Lorente-Picón, M., & Laguna, A. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11030433 · Cited by 69
Imaging the neural underpinnings of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease
Bardakan, M. M., Fink, G. R., Zapparoli, L., Bottini, G., Paulesu, E., & Weiss, P. H. (2022) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103123 · Cited by 51
Metadata
- Authors
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, D. O. C. N., Kouli, A., Torsney, K. M., Department of Medicine for the Elderly, C. U. H. N. F. T., Clinical Gerontology Unit, D. O. P. H. A. P. C., Kuan, W.-L., & John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, D. O. C. N.
- Venue
- Parkinson’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Aspects
- Publisher
- Codon Publications
- Published
- 2018-12-22
- Pages
- 3-26
- OpenAlex
- W2906486676
- Cited by
- 507
- References
- 157
- FWCI
- 68.06
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Parkinson’s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology, and Pathogenesis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.15586/codonpublications.parkinsonsdisease.2018.ch1
- The paper
- John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, D. O. C. N., Kouli, A., Torsney, K. M., Department of Medicine for the Elderly, C. U. H. N. F. T., Clinical Gerontology Unit, D. O. P. H. A. P. C., Kuan, W.-L., & John van Geest Centre for Brain Repair, D. O. C. N. (2018). Parkinson’s Disease: Etiology, Neuropathology, and Pathogenesis. Parkinson’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Aspects. https://doi.org/10.15586/codonpublications.parkinsonsdisease.2018.ch1
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.