Dynamics of Microbial Colonization of the Oral Cavity in Newborns
Open accessAbstract
The host defense mechanisms are not well developed in neonates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of microbial colonization of the oral cavity in newborns. Eighty-one samples of the oral microbiota were obtained from 51 healthy newborns 10 min to 53 h after birth by gently rubbing sterile swabs onto the surface of the tongue, cheek mucosa, alveolar process and palate. After microbiological processing, counting of the colony forming units of streptococci, staphylococci and Gram-negative aerobic bacilli was performed. Between 10 min and 8 h, Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected in 30.7% of the samples; between 8 and 16 h, S. epidermidis was detected in 69.5% of the samples and streptococci in 56.5% of the samples; between 16 and 24 h, S. epidermidis, streptococci and S. aureus were detected in 77.78%, 85.18% and 37.03% of the samples, respectively. Between 24 and 53 h, S. epidermidis was detected in 88.89%, streptococci in 94.4% and S. aureus in 33.3% of the samples. Mutans streptococci were not detected in any of the samples. The adoption of strict hygienic measures by the mother and the nursing staff should be emphasized to avoid or at least delay the occurrence of infections caused by microorganisms in newborns. In addition, hospital procedures must be aseptic and invasive interventions must be minimized.
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Streptococcus salivarius demonstrates the highest relative abundance among newborns and shows a steady decrease after 3 months of age.
“Streptococcus salivarius demonstrates the highest relative abundance among newborns and shows a steady decrease after 3 months of age.119”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [119]
Following birth, overt colonization of the oral cavity with microbes occurs within 8-16 hours as a result of transmission of microbes vertically, from the diet, and horizontally.
“Following birth, overt colonization of the oral cavity with microbes occurs within 8‐16 hours as a result of transmission of microbes vertically (through exposure to maternal skin and vaginal microbiomes), from the diet via oral fixation by the infant, and horizontally (from human interactions additional to those already mentioned).119, 120”
From The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease (2021) · cites this paper as [119]
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- Authors
- Nelson-Filho, P., Borba, I. G., Mesquita, K. S. F. D., Silva, R. A. B., Queiroz, A. M. D., & Silva, L. A. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
- Venue
- Brazilian Dental Journal
- Publisher
- FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
- Published
- 2013-07
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 415-419
- ISSN
- 0103-6440 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091506776
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 2.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Brazilian Dental Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Universidade de São Paulo
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Keywords
- oral microbiota, microbial colonization, neonates, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, mutans streptococci, host defense, maternal hygiene, aseptic technique
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Mouth, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Colony Count, Microbial
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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