Generalized anxiety disorder and the Hamilton anxiety rating scale in Parkinson's disease
Open accessAbstract
UNLABELLED: Anxiety is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), but studies concerning specific anxiety disorders are scarce. Essential psychometric properties of anxiety rating scales are also lacking. OBJECTIVE: To investigate general anxiety disorder (GAD) in PD and psychometric properties of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (Ham-A). METHOD: Ninety-one PD patients underwent neurological and psychiatric examination, which included the MINI-Plus, the Ham-A and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Ham-D). RESULTS: GAD was present in 30.8% of PD patients. Patients with GAD had longer disease duration (p=0.044) and were in use of higher doses of levodopa (p=0.034). They also tended to have more motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. The group with GAD scored higher in Ham-A (p<0.001), in the somatic (p=0.004) and psychic (p<0.001) subscales of Ham-A, and in Ham-D (p=0.004). The Ham-A showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.893) and a cutoff score of 10/11 is suggested to screen for GAD. CONCLUSION: GAD is frequent in PD and the Ham-A may be a useful instrument to screen for this disorder.
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Anxiety symptom severity was measured using the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale.
“Anxiety symptom severity was measured using the Brazilian Portuguese version (Kummer et al., 2010) of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) (Hamilton, 1959).”
From Inflammatory markers changes following acceptance-based behavioral psychotherapy in generalized anxiety disorder patients: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial (2024) · cites this paper as Kummer et al., 2010
The Method section (page unavailable) says an interviewer administered the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale to patients in Brazil and describes it as a measure of anxiety severity. It does not identify the scale used as a Brazilian Portuguese version, so the version attributed to Kummer et al. is not established by our copy. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe HRSA has good internal consistency, with an alpha coefficient of 0.89.
“Also, HRSA demonstrated good internal consistency, indicating an alpha coefficient of 0.89 (Kummer et al., 2010).”
From Standard CBT versus integrative and multimodal CBT assisted by virtual-reality for generalized anxiety disorder (2022) · cites this paper as Kummer et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Kummer, A., Cardoso, F., & Teixeira, A. L.
- Affiliations
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (BR)
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil; UFMG
- ORCID
- Cardoso, Francisco
- Venue
- Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria
- Publisher
- FapUNIFESP (SciELO)
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 68
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 495-501
- ISSN
- 0004-282X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2000777554
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Americanae (AECID Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, Parkinson's disease, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, psychometric properties, anxiety screening, levodopa dose, motor fluctuations, dyskinesia, depression, internal consistency
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, ROC Curve, Sensitivity and Specificity
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