Effects of solar particle event proton radiation on parameters related to ferret emesis
Open accessAbstract
The effectiveness of simulated solar particle event (SPE) proton radiation to induce retching and vomiting was evaluated in the ferret experimental animal model. The endpoints measured in the study included: (1) the fraction of animals that retched or vomited, (2) the number of retches or vomits observed, (3) the latency period before the first retch or vomit and (4) the duration between the first and last retching or vomiting events. The results demonstrated that γ ray and proton irradiation delivered at a high dose rate of 0.5 Gy/min induced dose-dependent changes in the endpoints related to retching and vomiting. The minimum radiation doses required to induce statistically significant changes in retching- and vomiting-related endpoints were 0.75 and 1.0 Gy, respectively, and the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of proton radiation at the high dose rate did not significantly differ from 1. Similar but less consistent and smaller changes in the retching- and vomiting-related endpoints were observed for groups irradiated with γ rays and protons delivered at a low dose rate of 0.5 Gy/h. Since this low dose rate is similar to a radiation dose rate expected during a SPE, these results suggest that the risk of SPE radiation-induced vomiting is low and may reach statistical significance only when the radiation dose reaches 1 Gy or higher.
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Emesis and retching are known prodromal outcomes following exposure to high doses of radiation.
“Emesis and retching are known prodromal outcomes following exposures to high doses of radiation”
From Space Radiation: The number one risk to astronaut health beyond low earth orbit (2014) · cites this paper as [68]
In the ferret model, retching and vomiting occur at doses as low as 50 cGy and can be expected from SPE radiation exposure at doses up to 2 Gy.
“Animal studies performed using a ferret model indicate that retching and vomiting occur at doses as low as 50 cGy and can be expected from SPE radiation exposure at doses up to 2 Gy [67,68].”
From Space Radiation: The number one risk to astronaut health beyond low earth orbit (2014) · cites this paper as [68]
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- Authors
- Sanzari, J. K., Wan, X. S., Krigsfeld, G. S., King, G. L., Miller, A., Mick, R., Gridley, D. S., Wroe, A. J., Rightnar, S., Dolney, D., & Kennedy, A. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
- Loma Linda University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kennedy, A. R.
- Venue
- Radiation Research
- Publisher
- Radiation Research Society
- Published
- 2013-08
- Volume
- 180
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 166-176
- ISSN
- 0033-7587 (ISSN-L)
- 1938-5404
- PMC
- PMC3837533
- OpenAlex
- W2102644138
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 3.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Radiation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (2T32CA007677, T32CA009677)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Radiation Therapy and Dosimetry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Spaceflight effects on biology
- Keywords
- solar energetic particle events, proton radiation, retching, ferret model, dose rate dependence, relative biological effectiveness, gamma radiation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Female, Ferrets, Gamma Rays, Protons, Radiation Injuries, Experimental, Random Allocation, Relative Biological Effectiveness, Vomiting, Solar Activity
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