Cited by 16Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesSocial and Intergroup Psychology

The Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Internalized Racism in Black Young Adults

Kline, Emily A., Warner, Carrie Masia, Grapin, Sally L., Reyes-Portillo, Jazmin A., Bixter, Michael T., Cunningham, DeVante J., Mahmud, Farah, Singh, Tanya +1 more·2021·Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy

Abstract

The study examined the relationships between social anxiety (SA), generalized anxiety (GA), and depression with racial microaggressions and internalized racism (IR) among Black young adults. Given SA's core features, we expected it to have a unique association with IR, and to moderate the connection between racial microaggressions and IR. Participants were 182 Black university students who completed measures of SA, GA, depressive symptoms, racial microaggressions, and IR. Linear regression models indicated that IR was a significant predictor of SA, but not GA or depression. Racial microaggressions were only positively associated with depressive symptoms. SA and racial microaggressions each predicted IR, but no interaction was found. Black young adults with elevated concerns of others' evaluation may be more prone to accepting negative stereotypes about one's racial group.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1891/jcpsy-d-20-00030

Cites

41 of 41 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Internalized racism is positively associated with depression, anxiety, social anxiety, self-esteem, stress, and sleep disturbance among African Americans.

    “Previous research on mental distress among AAs demonstrates a positive association between internalized racism and several psychological factors including depression [16,17], anxiety [8], social anxiety [18], self-esteem [19,20], stress [21], and sleep disturbance [22].”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Kline, E. A., Warner, C. M., Grapin, S. L., Reyes-Portillo, J. A., Bixter, M. T., Cunningham, D. J., Mahmud, F., Singh, T., & Weeks, C.
Affiliations
  • Montclair State University (US)
  • Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research (US)
Venue
Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy
Published
2021-01-04
Volume
35
Issue
1
Pages
53-63
ISSN
  • 0889-8391 (ISSN-L)
  • 1938-887X
OpenAlex
W3119020203
Cited by
16
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4
FWCI
3.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords
social anxiety, internalized racism, racial microaggressions, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, Black young adults, university students, racial stereotypes, depressive symptoms, moderated mediation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review