The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 9 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Overhanging dental restorations and periodontal disease.
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Claims the paper makes
0 of 9 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Since there was a difference in P.D.I, scores between affected and nonaffected teeth, it was not sur prising that persons with an O.P.R. were found to have an average of 0.22 millimeters or 0.08 tenths of tooth length less alveolar bone on the average adjacent to surfaces with O.P.R. than homologue surfaces without O.P.R. in the same mouth.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This showed that males and females had essentially similar percentages of O.P.R. teeth and surfaces.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Using tenths of tooth length as a measure of bone loss, the differences between affected and nonaffected teeth were also significant (P < 0.02).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Teeth with an O.P.R. had significantly more alveolar bone loss adjacent to the affected surface compared to the homologue surface when measured in millimeters of bone loss (P < 0.001).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“In addition to den tal plaque and calculus, overhanging margins to dental restorations have been cited as local irritants in perio dontal disease.[1][2][3]”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1][2][3]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Not matched
In the paper
“A lesser, nonsignificant, reduction was related to marginal defects of less than 0.2 mm.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [9] 9. Björn, Anna-Lisa, Björn, H. and Grkovic, B.: Mar ginal Fit of Restorations and Its Relation to Periodontal Bone Level. Part I: Metal Fillings. Odont. Revy, 20-311-21, 1969.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Not matched
In the paper
“In a committee report from the World Workshop in Periodontics, 4 it was stated that”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [4] 4. Committee Report-The Etiology of Periodontal Dis ease, p. 170. (In Ramfjord, S. P., Kerr, D. A. and Ash, M. M., eds. World Workshop in Periodontics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 6-9, 1966.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thus, the difference in P.D.I, scores between O.P.R. and homologue teeth is regarded as related to the pres ence of an overhang.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Rests on an assumption: Inflammatory periodontal disease is caused by local irritation.
In the paper
“One study 7 found no correlation between periodontal disease and overhanging margins.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [7] 7. Knowles, J. W.: Occlusal Interferences and Perio dontal Disease. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan, School Dentistry, 1966, IV + 68 p. Thesis.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passes- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“From this finding it was concluded that a higher P.D.I, score was independent of the presence or absence of a proximal restoration, without an overhang.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes
- It may state two separate claims as one. 13
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
- Probably not a substantial claim. 9
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although there was a statistically significant lower alveolar bone level adjacent to overhangs than adjacent to homologue surfaces, the differences were less than expected.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > DISCUSSION
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In 18 to 24 year olds, 24 percent of teeth with proximal restorations and 20 percent of proximally restored sur faces had overhangs.Persons aged 40 to 44 years had 32 percent of restored teeth and 27 percent of restored proximal surfaces with overhangs (Table 3).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The O.P.R. were not evenly distributed in the mouth.A higher percentage of O.P.R. occurred in the maxillary than in the mandibular quadrants.However, there was almost an equal distribution of O.P.R. on the right and left sides of each arch (Table 4).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, when the ratio of average dif ference in bone heights by the”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Black (1902)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although the overall distribution of O.P.R. indicated that the mesial and dis tal surfaces were approximately equally affected, certain teeth displayed a tendency for one surface to be affected more than the other.For example, mesial O.P.R. in maxillary first molars accounted for approximately 14 percent of all O.P.R. compared to approximately six percent by the distal surfaces of the same tooth (”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The average number of posterior teeth and posterior tooth surfaces per mouth which had proximal restorations increased with age from 1.53 and 2.00 at 18 to 24 years to 2.91 and 3.79 at 40 to 44 years, respectively (Table 2).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Differences existed in 257 subjects; 136 in the pre dicted direction of the O.P.R. score being higher than the homologue.Actual”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Gingivitis
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the 456 possible comparisons, differences in P.D.I, scores between O.P.R. and homologue surfaces existed in 182 subjects; 114 in the predicted direction of the O.P.R. score's being higher.Actual”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Thirty-two percent of the 1,763 persons who had been radiographically examined had one or more over hanging posterior dental restorations in their mouths; 25 percent of males and 38 percent of females (Table 1).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 1,763Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the 40 subgroups, the proportion of restored teeth with a P.D.I, score of 5 or greater was higher than nonrestored teeth in 15 cells, lower in 16, with 6 tied and in 3 cells there were either no restored or no nonrestored teeth.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“One third of all posterior teeth with proximal den tal restorations and one quarter of all restored proximal surfaces had overhangs (Table 3).”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Some studies have reported an association between overhanging dental restorations and periodontal dis ease; however, only the presence or absence of perio dontal disease was reported.5,6”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [5] 5. Wright, W. H.: Local Factors in Periodontal Disease. Dallas, Texas, Baylor University, College Dentistry, 1963, VII + 77 p. Thesis.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [6] 6. Alexander, A. G.: Periodontal Aspects of Conserva tive Dentistry. Brit. Dent. J., 125:111-4, Aug. 6, 1968.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The similarity of these estimations indicates that the tenths and milli meter methods are equivocal and that the method of measurements used in this study did not underestimate alveolar bone height.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > DISCUSSION
Load-bearingStrength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the 1,976 persons who had been examined, suitable sets of radiographs were obtained in 1,763.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > RESULTS
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 1,763Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“From the 970 sets of radiographs assigned to him, examiner 1 diagnosed at least one O.P.R. in each of 315 subjects.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 315Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Comparison of P.D.I, scores was possible in 456 sub jects.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > OVERHANGING RESTORATIONS AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedn = 456Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“It has been frequently stated that overhanging restora tions cause gingivitis.[1][2][3][4][5]”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > DISCUSSION
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [1][2][3][4][5]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✗ Asserted: fails✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Inflammatory periodontal disease is caused by local irritation.
- Not matched
In the paper
“More recently, 9 a highly significant reduction in al veolar bone height was reported relative to metal resto rations with marginal excess equal to or greater than 0.2 mm.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [9] 9. Björn, Anna-Lisa, Björn, H. and Grkovic, B.: Mar ginal Fit of Restorations and Its Relation to Periodontal Bone Level. Part I: Metal Fillings. Odont. Revy, 20-311-21, 1969.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For the present radiographic assessment a randomized selection of full mouth radiographs of the survey sub jects was examined by one examiner”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Radiographic Examination
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After initial calibration, each examiner ex amined a random selection of sets of radiographs twice, six weeks apart.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Examiner Reproducibility
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The original investigators had attempted to secure a representative civilian sample of a New Mexican popu lation aged 18 to 44 years.”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Survey Population
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Differences in alveolar bone height, between O.P.R. and homologue teeth, could be computed from measurements in 208 of these subjects”
§ Overhanging Dental Restorations and Periodontal Disease by > Destructive Periodontal Disease
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
Inflammatory periodontal disease is caused by local irritation.
“It is generally accepted that inflammatory periodontal disease is caused by local irritation.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The survey sample was representative of the New Mexican population aged 18 to 44 years.
“The original investigators had attempted to secure a representative civilian sample of a New Mexican popu lation aged 18 to 44 years.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Research indicates that excessively bulky or irregular restorations may contribute to periodontal issues by promoting bacterial plaque accumulation rather than causing mechanical irritation.”
From Prevalence of Proximal Overhangs in Class II Composite Restorations Placed by Undergraduate Students at Qassim University (2025) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Citations
Cites
Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences
McGinn, L. C. (1957) · Journal of the Franklin Institute · doi:10.1016/0016-0032(57)90766-4 · Cited by 7,284
Indices for Prevalence and Incidence of Periodontal Disease
Ramfjord, S. P. (1959) · The Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.1959.30.1.51 · Cited by 1,075
Alveolar Bone Loss as Related to Oral Hygiene and Age
Schei, O., Waerhaug, J., Lovdal, A., & Arno, A. (1959) · The Journal of Periodontology · doi:10.1902/jop.1959.30.1.7 · Cited by 925
Descriptive Anatomy of the Human Teeth
Black, G. V., & Black, G. V. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 328
Local Factors in Periodontal Disease
Ramfjord, S. P. (1952) · The Journal of the American Dental Association · doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1952.0109 · Cited by 43
(1967) · PubMed · Cited by 32
Guyer, M. E., & Striffler, D. F. (1964) · Journal of Public Health Dentistry · doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.1964.tb00434.x · Cited by 6
Periodontia : the art and science of examination and diagnosis of periodontal diseases
Goldman, H. M. (1957) · Mosby eBooks · Cited by 4
Occlusal interferences and periodontal disease
(2006) · Dental Abstracts · doi:10.1016/s0011-8486(06)80618-7 · Cited by 1
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [3]3. Stahl, S. S.: The Etiology of Periodontal Disease- Review of Literature, p. 129-66. (In Ramfjord, S. P., Kerr, D. A. and Ash, M. M., eds. World Workshop in Periodon tics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 6-9, 1966.
- [4]4. Committee Report-The Etiology of Periodontal Dis ease, p. 170. (In Ramfjord, S. P., Kerr, D. A. and Ash, M. M., eds. World Workshop in Periodontics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, June 6-9, 1966.
- [11]11. Sheiham, Aubrey and Striffler, D. F.: A Comparison of Four Epidemiological Methods of Assessing Periodontal Disease: A Study Conducted on a New Mexican Popula tion. J. Periodont. Res. In press.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–108 of 108
The prevalence of overhanging margins in posterior filling restorations and periodontal consequences
Alaa'Omran, & Ali, A. K. A. (2012) · Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry
Aldalawi, D. M. Y., Saeed, D. H., & Ali, S. H. (2020) · Polytechnic Journal · doi:10.25156/ptj.v10n1y2020.pp61-67
Hussein Kamel, J., & Salman, F. D. (2023) · Acta Scientific Medical Sciences · doi:10.31080/asms.2023.07.1518
Alsada'a, W. A. A., Al-Hamzi, M. A., Al-Kholani, A. I. M., et al. (2023) · Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.22270/ujpr.v8i5.1007
Iatrogenic factors in periodontal diseases
Saluja, H., & Sachdeva, S. (2024) · Journal of Dental Panacea · doi:10.18231/j.jdp.2024.024
Assessment of periodontal status among patients with fixed prosthetic reconstructions
Petrovski, M., Stojanović, S., Petrović, M., Mladenovski, M., Николовски, Б., Stavreva, N., Veljanovski, D., & Апостолоски, П. (2024) · Acta stomatologica Naissi · doi:10.5937/asn2490863p
Sarıcı, T., & Özen, D. Ç. (2026) · Oral Radiology · doi:10.1007/s11282-026-00906-w
“In line with previous studies [11, 25], no statistically significant difference in alveolar bone loss was found between amalgam and composite restorations.”
Caicedo-Jaramillo, L. D., Parra-Arango, M., Rodríguez‐Medina, C., & Botero, J. E. (2026) · Evidence-Based Dentistry · doi:10.1038/s41432-026-01246-8
Metadata
- Authors
- Gilmore, N., & Sheiham, A.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Periodontology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1971-01
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 8-12
- ISSN
- 0022-3492 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-3670
- OpenAlex
- W1976710318
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Journal of Periodontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Dental materials and restorations
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Periodontal Regeneration and Treatments
- Keywords
- dental restorations, periodontal disease, gingivitis
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Dental Health Surveys, Dental Restoration, Permanent, Humans
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