Assisted dying around the world: a status quaestionis
Open accessAbstract
Assisted dying practices, which include euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS), have expanded significantly around the world over the past 20 years. Euthanasia refers to the act of intentionally ending the life of a patient by a health care practitioner through medical means at that patient's explicit request while PAS involves the provision or prescribing of drugs by a health care practitioner for a patient to end their own life. The growing global aging population accompanied by higher levels of chronic disease and protracted illnesses have sharpened the focus on end of life issues and societal and legislative debates continue to address related moral and ethical complexities. Assisted dying practices are now legal in 18 jurisdictions, increasing the number of people with access to euthanasia and/or physician-assisted suicide (PAS) to over 200 million. New legislation is being crafted or considered in Portugal, Spain and 16 US states. Germany has recently overturned a ban on assisted dying services and New Zealand will put legalization of euthanasia to a vote in 2020. Assisted dying practice characteristics differ and there is also considerable variation in the terminology and labels used for assisted dying, which can add to the confusion and controversy around the practices. Frequency of use also varies greatly by jurisdiction, though a consistent increase has been seen in European countries including Belgium, the Netherlands and Switzerland as well as some jurisdictions with long-standing physician assisted dying laws, such as Oregon and Washington. All assisted dying legislation includes substantive and procedural requirements, such as minimum age, waiting period, health condition, physician consultation and reporting procedure, however, some are extensive and detailed while others are more limited. As access to assisted dying expands in new and existing jurisdictions, research must also expand to diligently examine the impact on patients, specifically among vulnerable populations, as well as on health care practitioners, health care systems and communities. This article will provide a thorough investigation, or 'status quaestionis' of the terminology, evolution and current legislative picture of assisted dying practices around the globe and contribute to the ongoing ethical, regulatory and practice debate, which have become increasingly important considerations for medical practice, end-of-life care and public health.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Regulations often require unbearable and irremediable suffering caused by an incurable disease as a further condition for legitimate suicide assistance.
“Interestingly, regulations often require unbearable and irremediable suffering caused by an incurable disease as a further condition for legitimate suicide assistance (2).”
From Assisted suicide in persons with mental disorders: a review of clinical-ethical arguments and recommendations (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Consequently, several countries broadened their laws to permit prescription and/or administration of lethal medication in such cases as well.
“As a result, several countries expanded their laws to allow prescription and/ or administration of fatal doses of medication in these cases as well 221 .”
From Ethical challenges in contemporary psychiatry: an overview and an appraisal of possible strategies and research needs (2024) · cites this paper as [221]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Emanuel, E. J., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., Urwin, J. W., & Cohen, J. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.8499 · Cited by 751 · see citing works
Self-citationEnd-of-life decision-making in six European countries: descriptive study
van der Heide, A., Deliëns, L., Faisst, K., Nilstun, T., NORUP, M. S., Paci, E., van der Wal, G., & van der Maas, P. J. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14019-6 · Cited by 662 · see citing works
Steck, N., Egger, M., Maessen, M., Reisch, T., & Zwahlen, M. (2013) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e3182a0f427 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Suicide tourism: a pilot study on the Swiss phenomenon
Gauthier, S., Mausbach, J., Reisch, T., & Bartsch, C. (2015) · Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.1136/medethics-2014-102091 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Rietjens, J. A. C., van der Maas, P. J., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., van Delden, J. J. M., & van der Heide, A. (2009) · Journal of Bioethical Inquiry · doi:10.1007/s11673-009-9172-3 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Dierickx, S., Deliens, L., Cohen, J., & Chambaere, K. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1369-0 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Self-citationEnd-of-life decisions in the Netherlands over 25 years
van der Heide, A., van Delden, J. J. M., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc1705630 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Comparison of the Expression and Granting of Requests for Euthanasia in Belgium in 2007 vs 2013
Dierickx, S., Deliëns, L., Cohen, J., & Chambaere, K. (2015) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.3982 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Self-citationEuthanasia in Belgium and the Netherlands: On a Slippery Slope?
Lerner, B. H., & Caplan, A. L. (2015) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4086 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Oregon's Death With Dignity Act: 20 Years of Experience to Inform the Debate
Hedberg, K., & New, C. (2017) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m17-2300 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Assisted dying: law and practice around the world
Dyer, O., White, C., & García Rada, A. (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.h4481 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Confusion Between Euthanasia and Other End-of-Life Decisions
Marcoux, I., Mishara, B. L., & Durand, C. (2007) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/bf03403719 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Schweda, M., Schicktanz, S., Raz, A. E., & Silvers, A. (2017) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-017-0170-4 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Regulation of assisted suicide limits the number of assisted deaths
Borasio, G. D., Jox, R. J., & Gamondi, C. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)32554-6 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Dierickx, S., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., Penders, Y. W. H., Cohen, J., van der Heide, A., Puhan, M. A., Ziegler, S., Bosshard, G., Deliëns, L., & Chambaere, K. (2019) · International Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s00038-019-01281-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationShould Mental Disorders Be a Basis for Physician-Assisted Death?
Appelbaum, P. S. (2017) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201700013 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Assisted Suicide in Switzerland
Bartsch, C., Landolt, K., Ristic, A., Reisch, T., & Ajdacic-Gross, V. (2019) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.2019.0545 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Pros and Cons of Physician Aid in Dying.
Dugdale, L. S., Lerner, B. H., & Callahan, D. (2019) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Medical assistance in dying: special issues for patients with mental illness
Sheehan, K., Gaind, K. S., & Downar, J. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000298 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Braverman, D. W., Marcus, B. S., Wakim, P., Mercurio, M. R., & Kopf, G. S. (2017) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.07.024 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Medical assistance in dying: research directions
Dierickx, S., & Cohen, J. (2019) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001727 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationActive Voluntary Euthanasia or Physician‐Assisted Suicide?
Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., Muller, M. T., van der Wal, G., van Eijk, J. T. M., & Ribbe, M. W. (1997) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1997.tb03771.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Sinmyee, S., Pandit, V., Pascual, J. M., Dahan, A., Heidegger, T., Kreienbühl, G., Lubarsky, D. A., & Pandit, J. J. (2019) · Anaesthesia · doi:10.1111/anae.14532 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Dierickx, S., Cohen, J., Stichele, R. V., Deliëns, L., & Chambaere, K. (2018) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.06.015 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationMedical assistance in dying: A paediatric perspective
Davies, D. (2018) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/pxx181 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Beardsley, C. J., Brown, K. G. M., & Sandroussi, C. (2018) · ANZ Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1111/ans.14513 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Steck, N., Egger, M., Maessen, M., Reisch, T., & Zwahlen, M. (2013) · doi:10.7892/boris.41331 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bolt, E. E., Flens, E. Q., Pasman, H. R. W., Willems, D. L., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D. (2016) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.13620 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Considering medical assistance in dying for minors: the complexities of children’s voices
Singh, H. K., Macdonald, M. E., & Carnevale, F. A. (2020) · Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.1136/medethics-2019-105762 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Chambaere, K., & Cohen, J. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803678-5.00149-1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationGermany overturns ban on assisted suicide
Hyde, R. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30533-x · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ontwikkelingen in het aantal euthanasiegevallen en achterliggende factoren.
Heins, M., Donker, G., Versteeg, S. E., & Korevaar, J. C. (2019) · Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Killing and caring: is euthanasia incompatible with care?
Willard, C. (1997) · European Journal of Cancer Care · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2354.1997.tb00267.x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 34 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Cohen J. Euthanasia [Internet]. McGraw-Hill Education; [cited 2020 Mar 10]. Available online: http://accessscience. com/content/246850
- Raposo VL. Euthanasia please, we are Portuguese [Internet]. Vol. 2020. Journal of Medical Ethics; 2020. Available online: https://blogs.bmj.com/medical- ethics/2020/03/05/euthanasia-please-we-are-portuguese/
- Al Rabadi L, LeBlanc M, Bucy T, et al. Trends in Medical Aid in Dying in Oregon and Washington. JAMA Netw Open 2019;2:e198648.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Galderisi, S., Appelbaum, P. S., Gill, N., Gooding, P., Herrman, H., Melillo, A., Myrick, K., Pathare, S., Savage, M., Szmukler, G., et al. (2024) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.21230 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
The role of nurses in euthanasia: A scoping review
Bellon, F., Mateos, J. T., Pastells‐Peiró, R., Espigares-Tribó, G., Gea‐Sánchez, M., & Rubinat, E. (2022) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104286 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Mulder, J., Sonneveld, H., Raemdonck, D. E. V., Downar, J., Wiebe, K., Domínguez‐Gil, B., Healey, A., Desschans, B., Neyrinck, A., Blanco, A. P., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.17198 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Palliative Extubation: A Discussion of Practices and Considerations
Ortega-Chen, C., Buren, N. V., Kwack, J., Mariano, J. D. C., Wang, S. E., Raman, C., & Cipta, A. M. (2023) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.03.011 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Trends in Swedish physicians’ attitudes towards physician-assisted suicide: a cross-sectional study
Lynöe, N., Lindblad, A., Engström, I., Sandlund, M., & Juth, N. (2021) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-021-00652-0 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Verhofstadt, M., Pardon, K., Audenaert, K., Deliens, L., Mortier, F., Liégeois, A., & Chambaere, K. (2021) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.09.032 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citationScopetti, M., Morena, D., Padovano, M., Manetti, F., Fazio, N. D., Delogu, G., Ferracuti, S., Frati, P., & Fineschi, V. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11101470 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The sanctity of life: The role of purity in attitudes towards abortion and euthanasia
Lockhart, C., Lee, C. H. J., Sibley, C., & Osborne, D. (2022) · International Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1002/ijop.12877 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Binder, M. D., Loos, S., Sterckx, S., Thys, E., & Assche, K. V. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.933748 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Piili, R. P., Louhiala, P., Vänskä, J., & Lehto, J. T. (2022) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-022-00810-y · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Assistierte Suizide in München – eine erste kritische Analyse
GLEICH, S., Peschel, O. K., Graw, M., & Schäffer, B. (2023) · Rechtsmedizin · doi:10.1007/s00194-023-00668-3 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Assisted dying and the slippery slope argument-no empirical evidence
Deliens, L. (2025) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.6849 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bloomer, M. J., Saffer, L., Hewitt, J. E., Johns, L., McAuliffe, D. A., & Bonner, A. (2024) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/02692163241268449 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Verhofstadt, M., Chambaere, K., Pardon, K., Mortier, F., Liégeois, A., Deliens, L., & Audenaert, K. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-04039-2 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationMartins-Vale, M., Pereira, H. P., Marina, S., & Ricou, M. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11152127 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kirchhoffer, D. G., Lui, C., & Ho, A. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065964 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Güth, U., Weitkunat, R., McMillan, S., Schneeberger, A. R., & Battegay, E. J. (2023) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102301 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Matters of care and the good death – rhetoric or reality?
Collier, A., & Chapman, M. (2023) · Current Opinion in Supportive and Palliative Care · doi:10.1097/spc.0000000000000663 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Relatives’ Experiences of Being Involved in Assisted Dying: A Qualitative Study
Boven, C., Dillen, L., Dierickx, S., den Block, L. V., Piers, R. D., Noortgate, N. V. D., & Humbeeck, L. V. (2023) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/10497323231196827 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationA meta‐synthesis exploring nurses' experiences of assisted dying and participation decision‐making
Bustin, H., Jamieson, I., Seay, C., & Reid, K. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16949 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
International Comparison of Underlying Disease Among Recipients of Medical Assistance in Dying
Heidinger, B. A., Webber, C., Chambaere, K., Close, E., Deliëns, L., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., Pope, T. M., van der Heide, A., White, B. P., & Downar, J. (2024) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.6643 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationIncreased legalisation of medical assistance in dying: relationship to palliative care
Cohen, J., & Chambaere, K. (2022) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2022-003573 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationAssisted death in eating disorders: a systematic review of cases and clinical rationales
Roff, C., & Cook-Cottone, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1431771 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
“In some countries (e.g. Switzerland), physicians do not administer lethal medications, so the phrase physician-assisted is less frequently used (15).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSperling, D. (2022) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-022-00785-w · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Verhofstadt, M., Audenaert, K., Mortier, F., Deliens, L., Liégeois, A., Pardon, K., & Chambaere, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.859745 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationMarckmann, G., & Pollmächer, T. (2024) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-23-472 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Demedts, D., Cools, W., Fobelets, M., Tricas‐Sauras, S., & Bilsen, J. J. R. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15539 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Foo, B. M. Y., Sharpe, L., Clayton, J. M., Wiese, M., & Menzies, R. E. (2024) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102393 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Using simulation to teach nursing students how to deal with a euthanasia request
Demedts, D., Magerman, J., Goossens, E., Tricas‐Sauras, S., Bilsen, J. J. R., Smet, S. D., & Fobelets, M. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299049 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
A public health perspective on assisted dying and its different modalities
Sillitti, P., Meier, C., Blanc, S., Jones, L., & Gamondi, C. (2025) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00245-2 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Assistierter Suizid und die ethischen Implikationen für die Pflegefachpersonen
Riedel, A., Klotz, K., & Seidlein, A. (2024) · Springer Reference Pflege, Therapie, Gesundheit · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-58685-3_102-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
When medical assistance in dying is not a last resort option: survey of the Canadian public
Choi, W. J., Astrachan, I. M., Sinaii, N., & Kim, S. Y. H. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-087736 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Penman, J. C., Malik, G., Rogerson, K., Murphy, J., Zhong, Y., & Johnson, C. E. (2021) · Collegian Journal of the Royal College of Nursing Australia · doi:10.1016/j.colegn.2021.06.001 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Vissers, S., Dierickx, S., Chambaere, K., Deliëns, L., Mortier, F., & Cohen, J. (2022) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/spcare-2021-003502 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationBerens, N., & Kim, S. Y. H. (2022) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2022.07.003 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Attitudes of university hospital staff towards in-house assisted suicide
Gamondi, C., Gayet‐Ageron, A., Borasio, G. D., Hurst, S., Jox, R. J., & Ricou, B. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0274597 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Boven, C., Humbeeck, L. V., den Block, L. V., Piers, R. D., Noortgate, N. V. D., & Dillen, L. (2023) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104450 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Singer, J., Daum, C., Shen, M. J., Zecha, G., Kaplan, L., Plakovic, K., Blazey, M., Arnold, M. S., Silko, B., Baker, K. K., et al. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.39068 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Nurses' perspectives on assisted suicide: Challenges and support needs
Zeilinger, E. L., Vielgrader, T.-L., Petersen, A., Meyer, A. L., Brunevskaya, N., & Unseld, M. (2024) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117663 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Assisted dying: a question of when, not if
Hurley, R., Richards, T., & Godlee, F. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n2128 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Hewitt, J. E., Lawson, C. G. R., Verrall, B., & Grealish, L. A. (2022) · Research in Nursing & Health · doi:10.1002/nur.22287 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Franke, I., Urwyler, T., & Prüter-Schwarte, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.909096 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Physician-Assisted Suicide Pathway in Italy: Ethical Assessment and Safeguard Approaches
Riva, L. (2023) · Journal of Bioethical Inquiry · doi:10.1007/s11673-023-10302-2 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Die aktuelle Gesetzeslage zum assistierten Suizid
Bausewein, C. (2023) · Die Onkologie · doi:10.1007/s00761-023-01472-0 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Verhofstadt, M., Moureau, L., Pardon, K., & Liégeois, A. (2024) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-024-01063-7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Conscientious objection in euthanasia and assisted suicide: A systematic review
Gómez-Vírseda, C., & Gastmans, C. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0326142 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Nurses’ roles and responsibilities in suicide prevention: a scoping review
Riedel, A., Feinauer, S., Jacob, E., Haug, P. M., Klotz, K., & Heidenreich, T. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-04009-5 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The debate about physician assisted suicide and euthanasia in Ireland – Implications for psychiatry
Clarke, C., Cannon, M. D., Skokauskas, N., & Twomey, P. (2021) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2021.101747 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Norwegian Nurses’ Attitudes Toward Assisted Dying: A Cross-Sectional Study
Hol, H., Vatne, S., Orøy, A., Rokstad, A. M. M., & Opdal, Ø. (2022) · Nursing Research and Reviews · doi:10.2147/nrr.s363670 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Güth, U., Junker, C., McMillan, S., Elfgen, C., & Schneeberger, A. R. (2023) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.001 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Medical Aid in Dying: How Might U.S. Policy Prevent Suffering at the End of Life?
Kusmaul, N., Becker, T., Gibson, A., & Wallace, C. L. (2023) · Journal of Aging & Social Policy · doi:10.1080/08959420.2023.2226306 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Demedts, D., Tricas-Sauras, S., & Bilsen, J. (2022) · Creative Nursing · doi:10.1891/cn-2021-0030 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Nursing students' perceptions of euthanasia legislation: A qualitative study
Ortega‐Galán, Á. M., Fernández, M. D. R., Alcaraz‐Córdoba, A., Gómez-Beltrán, P. A., Díaz-Morales, D., & Amo, R. O. (2022) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105466 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bastidas-Bilbao, H., Stergiopoulos, V., van Kesteren, M. R., Stewart, D. E., Cappe, V., Gupta, M., Buchman, D. Z., Simpson, A. I. F., Castle, D., Campbell, B. H., et al. (2023) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116075 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Verhofstadt, M., Assche, K. V., Pardon, K., Gleydura, M., Titeca, K., & Chambaere, K. (2024) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2024.101961 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationRenckens, S. C., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., van der Heide, A., & Pasman, H. R. W. (2024) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-024-01031-1 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Asada, Y., Campbell, L. A., Grignon, M., Hothi, H., Stainton, T., & Kim, S. Y. H. (2024) · The Lancet Regional Health - Americas · doi:10.1016/j.lana.2024.100810 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Mroz, S., Deliëns, L., Cohen, J., & Chambaere, K. (2022) · Deutsches Ärzteblatt international · doi:10.3238/arztebl.m2022.0378 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationMedical Assistance in Dying in Neurology
Kious, B. M. (2023) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2023.03.002 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Hospice Nurse Ethics and Institutional Policies Toward Medical Aid in Dying
Abbott, J., Kerwin, J., Holden, C., Battin, M. P., Miller, C. M., & Pope, T. M. (2023) · AJN American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.1097/01.naj.0000938728.13124.c3 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The social perspective of euthanasia in Spain: variables that predict attitudes towards euthanasia
Montañés, P., Soriano, M. E., & García, G. M. (2023) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.511201 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Factors That Influence Access to Medical Assistance in Dying Services: An Integrative Review
Hewitt, J. E., Wilson, M., Bonner, A., & Bloomer, M. J. (2024) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.70058 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Medical Aid in Dying: What Every Nurse Needs to Know
Roy, K. (2022) · AJN American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.1097/01.naj.0000822660.87763.45 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Güth, U., Junker, C., Elger, B. S., Elfgen, C., Montagna, G., & Schneeberger, A. R. (2023) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.6323 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Xu, H., Stjernswärd, S., Glasdam, S., & Fu, C. (2023) · Death Studies · doi:10.1080/07481187.2023.2228730 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Choreographing a good death: Carers’ experiences and practices of enacting assisted dying
Lewis, S. C., Brooy, C. L., Kerridge, I., Holmes, A., Olver, I., Hudson, P., Dooley, M. J., & Komesaroff, P. A. (2024) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/1467-9566.13761 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bhagavan, C., Glue, P., Evans, W., Reynolds, L., Turner, T., King, C., Russell, B. R., Morunga, E., Mills, J. L., Layton, G., et al. (2024) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-024-08174-x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Readiness for dialogue regarding euthanasia of palliative patients in Ukraine
Nesterenko, V. G., & Lytvynenko, O. Y. (2024) · Experimental and Clinical Medicine · doi:10.35339/ekm.2024.93.2.nel · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Experiences and attitudes of nurses with the legislation on assisted suicide in Austria
Zeilinger, E. L., Petersen, A., Brunevskaya, N., Fuchs, A., Wagner, T. M., Pietschnig, J., Kitta, A., Ecker, F., Kum, L., Adamidis, F., et al. (2024) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s147895152400107x · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Singer, J., Breen, L. J., & Loggers, E. T. (2022) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951522000852 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Knox, M., & Wagg, A. (2023) · American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® · doi:10.1177/10499091231155854 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Medical Aid in Dying: Europe’s Urgent Medico-Ethical Challenge
Güth, U., McMillan, S., & Battegay, E. J. (2023) · International Journal of Public Health · doi:10.3389/ijph.2023.1606538 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Policies and cost analyses of voluntary assisted dying (VAD) laws – a mapping review & analysis
Isaac, S., McLachlan, A. J., & Chaar, B. B. (2024) · Health Economics Review · doi:10.1186/s13561-024-00547-x · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Enhancing Advance Care Planning in India through a 12-step Pathway
Gursahani, R., Mani, R. K., Salins, N. S., Simha, S., Damani, A., Rao, K. S., Ghoshal, A., & Nair, S. (2025) · Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24938 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Klotz, K., Heidenreich, T., Haug, P. M., Feinauer, S., & Riedel, A. (2025) · Ethik in der Medizin · doi:10.1007/s00481-025-00887-0 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Exploring doctors’ reasons for not granting a request for euthanasia: a mixed-methods study
van den Ende, C., Bunge, E. M., Eeuwijk, J., & van de Vathorst, S. (2022) · BJGP Open · doi:10.3399/bjgpo.2022.0015 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Rickstal, R. V., Vleminck, A. D., Chambaere, K., & den Block, L. V. (2023) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2023.107882 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationSalas, S., Economos, G. P. S., Hugues, D., Gilbert, É., Gracia, D., Poulain, P., Mateus, C., Collet, E., Planchet-Barraud, B., Colpaert, A., et al. (2023) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/spcare-2022-004134 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Describing Medical Aid-in-Dying and Nursing “Leave-the-Room” Policies in California
Sobeck, K., Strand, G. R., & Hoffman, D. N. (2024) · Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing · doi:10.1097/njh.0000000000001056 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Box, G., & Chambaere, K. (2021) · Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.1136/medethics-2020-107021 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationMAID ready for primetime?: A survey of SGO members regarding medical aid in dying (MAID)
Brown, A. J., duPont, N. C., Alvarez, R. D., Spillman, M. A., Landrum, L. M., & Lefkowits, C. (2021) · Gynecologic Oncology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.gore.2021.100829 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Tomczyk, M., Andorno, R., & Jox, R. J. (2023) · Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.1136/jme-2022-108546 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The debate rages on: physician-assisted suicide in an ethical light
Shenouda, J. E. A., Blaber, M., George, R. S., & Haslam, J. D. (2024) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.bja.2024.01.002 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Russell, K. B., Forbes, C., Qi, S., Link, C., Watson, L. C., DeIure, A., Lu, S., Silvius, J. L., Kelly, B. J., Bultz, B. D., et al. (2024) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers16071294 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Kupsch, L., Gather, J., Vollmann, J., Nadolny, S., & Schildmann, J. (2025) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2025.10041 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Paediatric palliative care and paediatric euthanasia: clarifying a moral continuum
Joren, C. Y., Verhagen, E. A. A., & Lantos, J. D. (2026) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(26)00070-2 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Medical Assistance in Dying in Patients With Cancer
Thabet, C., Wheatley‐Price, P., & Moore, S. M. (2023) · JCO Oncology Practice · doi:10.1200/op.22.00615 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Martín, J. G., & Perugorría, I. (2024) · Politics and Religion · doi:10.1017/s1755048324000051 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Older adults' attitudes toward using Euthanasia at the end-of life: cancer vs. Parkinson's disease
Lifshitz, R., Bachner, Y. G., & Carmel, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1393535 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Masse-Grenier, M., Chang, S.-L., Bélanger, A., Stephan, J.-F., Hébert, J., Deschamps, P., Plourde, L., Provost, F., Farzin, H., Fallu, J., et al. (2024) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951524001494 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Mroz, S., Daenen, F., Dierickx, S., Mortier, F., Panfilis, L. D., Downar, J., Lapenskie, J., Anderson, K., Skold, A., Campbell, C. S., et al. (2024) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/02692163241300853 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationThe moral web of accessibility to medical assistance in dying: Reflections from the Canadian context
Pesut, B., & Thorne, S. E. (2025) · Nursing Ethics · doi:10.1177/09697330241305556 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Regaining the intention to live after relief of intractable phantom limb pain: A case study
Munoz-Novoa, M., van Veldhoven, J. E., Postema, S. G., Kristoffersen, M., Keesom, E., Lendaro, E., Lidström-Holmqvist, K., Ortiz-Catalan, M., & van der Sluis, C. K. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2025-0006 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Beliefs and Emotions Underpin Community Attitudes Towards Voluntary Assisted Dying in Australia
Haywood, D., Thompson, J., Breen, L. J., & O’Connor, M. (2022) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.1177/00302228221133414 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Binder, M. D., Thys, E., Catthoor, K., den Broeck, K. V., Matthys, F., Vansteelandt, K., & Detraux, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1050086 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Legal issues in end-of-life care
Gera, A., Sharma, B., & Sood, J. (2023) · Current Medicine Research and Practice · doi:10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_108_22 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Legalised active assistance in dying: palliative care stakeholders’ national e-consultation
Economos, G. P. S., Moulin, P., Perceau-Chambard, É., Mattelaer, X., Broucke, M., Barbaret, C., Lander, A. V., Mathilde, L., Vincent, M., d’Izarn, M. S., et al. (2023) · BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care · doi:10.1136/spcare-2022-004081 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
ICD-Based Cause of Death Statistics Fail to Provide Reliable Data for Medical Aid in Dying
Güth, U., Junker, C., Schafroth, M., McMillan, S., Schneeberger, A. R., Elfgen, C., Battegay, E., & Weitkunat, R. (2023) · International Journal of Public Health · doi:10.3389/ijph.2023.1606260 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Keis, A., Aluoja, A., Pisarev, H., Uusküla, A., & Suija, K. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-096450 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Facing a request for assisted death - views of Finnish physicians, a mixed method study
Piili, R. P., Hökkä, M., Vänskä, J., Tolvanen, E., Louhiala, P., & Lehto, J. T. (2024) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-024-01051-x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Mroz, S., Dierickx, S., Deliens, L., Cohen, J., & Chambaere, K.
- Affiliations
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Mroz, Sarah
- Venue
- Annals of Palliative Medicine
- Publisher
- AME Publishing Company
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 3540-3553
- ISSN
- 2224-5820 (ISSN-L)
- 2224-5839
- OpenAlex
- W3083040688
- Cited by
- 264
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 62 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 18.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Annals of Palliative Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Keywords
- assisted dying, euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, assisted dying legislation, end-of-life care, vulnerable populations, healthcare workers
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Europe, Germany, Humans, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Suicide, Assisted
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
