Text Messaging for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: No Effects After 1 Year in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Adolescents and Young Adults

Linnemayr, Sebastian; Huang, Haijing; Luoto, Jill; Kambugu, Andrew; Thirumurthy, Harsha; Haberer, Jessica E.; Wagner, Glenn; Mukasa, Barbara

doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.304089

Cited by 106Mobile Health and mHealth ApplicationsHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsMedication Adherence and Compliance

Text Messaging for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: No Effects After 1 Year in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Adolescents and Young Adults

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Linnemayr, Sebastian, Huang, Haijing, Luoto, Jill, Kambugu, Andrew, Thirumurthy, Harsha, Haberer, Jessica E., Wagner, Glenn, Mukasa, Barbara·2017·American Journal of Public Health

DOI 10.2105/ajph.2017.304089PMC PMC5678388

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Abstract

Objectives. To assess the effectiveness of Short Message Service (SMS) reminder messages on antiretroviral and cotrimoxazole prophylaxis adherence among HIV-positive youths as well as the relative effectiveness of SMS with and without a response option. Methods. Eligible HIV-positive patients aged 15 to 22 years at 2 HIV clinics in Kampala, Uganda, participated in a year-long parallel individual-randomized controlled trial and were assigned in a 1-to-1-to-1 ratio to a weekly SMS message group, weekly SMS message with response option group, or a usual-care control group. Results. We enrolled 332 participants. Electronically measured mean adherence was 67% in the control group, 64% in the 1-way SMS group (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77, 1.14), and 61% in the 2-way SMS group (95% CI = 0.75, 1.12) in an intent-to-treat analysis. Results for secondary outcomes and complete-case analysis were similarly statistically insignificant across groups. Conclusions. Despite previous evidence that interventions using SMS reminders can promote antiretroviral therapy adherence, this study shows that they are not always effective in achieving behavior change. More research is needed to find out for whom, and under what conditions, they can be beneficial. Trial registration. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00830622.

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Infectious diseases and chronic diseases were the second most prevalent health outcomes, each with a frequency of 8 of 30 articles (27%).
“Infectious diseases and chronic diseases were the second most prevalent health outcomes, with a frequency of each of 8 of 30 (27%) articles [36,39-44,49-51].”
From Barriers to the Use of Mobile Health in Improving Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Educational mHealth training programs are effective in raising awareness and offer an efficient and cost-effective way to achieve successful mHealth implementation.
“Researchers in the field state that educational mHealth training programs are effective in raising awareness by offering an efficient and cost-effective way to achieve the success of mHealth implementation [42].”
From Barriers to the Use of Mobile Health in Improving Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
Text messaging can be used for interventions and health education because it is particularly popular in developing countries.
“Specifically, text messaging can be used for interventions and health education, because it is particularly popular in developing countries [42].”
From Barriers to the Use of Mobile Health in Improving Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [42]
The use of SMS only was mentioned in 16 of 26 interventions (62%).
“The use of SMS only was mentioned in 16 of 26 interventions (62%) [28-31,35,37,38,40-43,45-47,50,52].”
From Barriers to the Use of Mobile Health in Improving Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: Systematic Review (2019) · cites this paper as [42]

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Additional file 1 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303614
Additional file 3 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303620
Additional file 2 of Goals for Adherence with Low-cost Incentives (GOALS): a protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of small airtime incentives on ART adherence among young people living with HIV in Kampala, Uganda
Linnemayr, S., Huang, H. C., Wagner, Z., Onkundi, F. K., Mukasa, B., & Odiit, M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23916825
Self-citation
Additional file 1 of Goals for Adherence with Low-cost Incentives (GOALS): a protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of small airtime incentives on ART adherence among young people living with HIV in Kampala, Uganda
Linnemayr, S., Huang, H. C., Wagner, Z., Onkundi, F. K., Mukasa, B., & Odiit, M. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23916822
Self-citation
Additional file 2 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303617
Additional file 9 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303638
Additional file 4 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303623
Additional file 5 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303626
Additional file 10 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303611
Additional file 6 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., 康殿民, Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303629
Additional file 8 of A differentiated digital intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV in China: a randomized controlled trial
Jiao, K., Wang, C., Liao, M., Ma, J., Kang, D., Tang, W., Tucker, J. D., & Ma, W. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21303635

A Single-Blind, Parallel Design RCT to Assess the Effectiveness of SMS Reminders in Improving ART Adherence Among Adolescents Living with HIV (STARTA Trial)
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Authors: Linnemayr, S., Huang, H., Luoto, J., Kambugu, A., Thirumurthy, H., Haberer, J. E., Wagner, G., & Mukasa, B.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
ORCID: Linnemayr, Sebastian
Huang, Haijing
Luoto, Jill
Kambugu, Andrew
Thirumurthy, Harsha
Haberer, Jessica E.
Wagner, Glenn
Mukasa, Barbara
Venue: American Journal of Public Health
Publisher: American Public Health Association
Published: 2017-12
Volume: 107
Issue: 12
Pages: 1944-1950
ISSN: 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
1541-0048
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.304089
PMC: PMC5678388
OpenAlex: W2766986383
Cited by: 106
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 7
FWCI: 13.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders: RAND Corporation
National Institutes of Health
Joint Research Centre
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD074925, P2CHD050924)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Family Practice › Medication Adherence and Compliance
Keywords: SMS reminders, antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV, adolescents and young adults, cotrimoxazole prophylaxis, behavior change
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Female, HIV Seropositivity, Humans, Male, Uganda, Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination, Reminder Systems, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, Anti-HIV Agents, Medication Adherence, Young Adult, Intention to Treat Analysis, Text Messaging

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Text Messaging for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: No Effects After 1 Year in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Adolescents and Young Adults

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