CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 277Smoking Behavior and CessationNutritional Studies and DietNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 51 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Food and nutrient intake differences between smokers and non-smokers in the US.

Open access
Subar, A F, Harlan, L C, Mattson, M E·1990·American Journal of Public Health
DOI 10.2105/ajph.80.11.1323PMC PMC1404910
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Data from the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed to determine food and nutrient intake differences between current smokers (also categorized as light, moderate, and heavy smokers) and non-smokers. Smokers in several age-race-sex categories have lower intakes of vitamin C, folate, fiber, and vitamin A than non-smokers, and intake tended to decrease as cigarette consumption increased, particularly for vitamin C, fiber, and folate. Smokers were less likely to have consumed vegetables, fruits (particularly fruits and vegetables high in vitamins C and A), high fiber grains, low fat milk, and vitamin and mineral supplements than non-smokers. A negative linear trend was found between smoking intensity and intake of several categories of fruits and vegetables. These data suggest that the high cancer risk associated with smoking is compounded by somewhat lower intake of nutrients and foods which are thought to be cancer protective.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.2105/ajph.80.11.1323

Cites

51 of 51 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 51 references

Research works printed but not linked: 14

  1. Schoenborn CA, 1988, Advanced Data, 154, 1
  2. Blair SN, 1985, Public Health Rep, 100, 172
  3. Faulkner RA, 1987, Can J Public Health, 78, 155
  4. Kannas L, 1981, Int J Health Educ, 24, 146
  5. Mettlin C, 1979, JNCI, 62, 1435
  6. Ziegler RG, 1984, JNCI, 73, 1429
  7. Samet JM, 1985, Annu Rev Respir Dis, 131, 198
  8. Wu AH, 1985, JNCI, 74, 747
  9. Nomura AMY, 1985, Cancer Res, 45, 2369
  10. American Cancer Society, 1984, Cancer, 34, 121
  11. Bingham SA, 1987, Nutr Abstr Rev (Series A), 57, 705
  12. Pelletier 0, 1975, Ann NY Acad Sci, 258, 156
  13. Pelletier 0, 1977, Int J Vit Nutr Res, 16, 147
  14. Block G, 1987, JNCI, 79, 83

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–277 of 277

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Subar, A. F., Harlan, L. C., & Mattson, M. E.
Affiliations
National Institutes of Health (US)
Venue
American Journal of Public Health
Publisher
American Public Health Association
Published
1990-11
Volume
80
Issue
11
Pages
1323-1329
ISSN
  • 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
  • 1541-0048
DOI
10.2105/ajph.80.11.1323
PMC
PMC1404910
OpenAlex
W2081094634
Cited by
274
References
51
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 7
FWCI
6.74
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Public Health (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords
smoking, nutrient intake, dietary intake, vitamin C, folic acid, dietary fiber, vitamin A, fruit and vegetable intake, dietary supplements, smoking intensity, cancer risk, NHANES II
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Black or African American, Energy Intake, Diet, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Nutritional Status, Sex Factors, Smoking, United States, White People

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review