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Cited by 481

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

From beer to crack: developmental patterns of drug involvement.

Kandel, D, Yamaguchi, K·1993·American Journal of Public Health

Abstract

OBJECTIVES. Prior research has identified developmental stages in drug use in adolescence, from substances that are legal for adults to illicit drugs. The position of crack in patterns of drug involvement remains to be established. METHODS. The analyses are based on a sample (n = 1108) representative of 12th graders attending New York State public and private schools. From reported ages of first use of five classes of drugs (alcoholic beverages, cigarettes, marijuana, cocaine but not crack, crack), alternate models of progression were tested for their goodness of fit through log-linear models. RESULTS. The sequence involves at the earliest stage the use of at least one licit drug, alcohol or cigarettes. Subsequent stages involve marijuana and cocaine; crack is the last drug in the sequence. The results confirm the more important role of alcohol among males and cigarettes among females in the progression into various drug classes. Age of first drug use at a lower stage is a strong predictor of further progression. CONCLUSIONS. The developmental pattern of drug involvement identified in the early 1970s still characterizes adolescent pathways of drug involvement in the late 1980s.

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Metadata

Authors
Kandel, D., & Yamaguchi, K.
Venue
American Journal of Public Health
Published
1993-06
Volume
83
Issue
6
Pages
851-855
ISSN
  • 0090-0036 (ISSN-L)
  • 1541-0048
OpenAlex
W1988196752
Cited by
481
References
14
FWCI
9.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: From beer to crack: developmental patterns of drug involvement. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.2105/ajph.83.6.851
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Kandel, D., & Yamaguchi, K. (1993). From beer to crack: developmental patterns of drug involvement. American Journal of Public Health. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.83.6.851

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.