Cigarette Smoking, Major Depression, and Other Psychiatric Disorders among Adolescents
Abstract
Objective To examine cross-sectionally and prospectively relationships of cigarette smoking with major depressive disorder (MDD), controlling for comorbidity in a community sample of adolescents. Method A representative sample of 1,709 adolescents (aged 14 through 18 years) was assessed by using semistructured diagnostic interviews on two occasions, approximately 1 year apart. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine cross-sectionally and prospectively the relationships between smoking and each psychiatric disorder, while statistically controlling for the other disorders. Results Cross-sectional analyses revealed significant relationships of drug abuse/dependence and disruptive behavior disorders with adolescent smoking, even after the co-occurrence of all other disorders was controlled. Prospectively, smoking was found to increase the risk of developing an episode of MDD and drug abuse/dependence, after adjusting for other disorders. Finally, only lifetime prevalence of MDD remained a significant predictor of smoking onset, after controlling for other disorders. Gender did not moderate any of the relationships between psychopathology and smoking. Conclusions The results suggest important relationships between cigarette smoking and psychiatric disorders among adolescents, particularly with regard to MDD, drug abuse/dependence, and disruptive behavior disorders. These findings have important clinical implications, both for psychiatric care and for smoking prevention a…
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Early nicotine exposure during the transition from child to adult may harm by disrupting normal brain maturation and causing lasting effects on cognitive ability, mental health, and personality.
“Early exposure to nicotine during the transition from child to adult may be harmful, since it may derange the normal course of brain maturation and have lasting consequences for cognitive ability, mental health, and even personality (Brown et al. 1996; Choi et al. 1997; Richards et al. 2003; Brook et al. 2004; Deas 2006).”
From Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Nicotine Exposure during Adolescence for Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Network Function (2012) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 1996
Adolescent tobacco use is associated with later risk of mental and behavioral problems including major depressive disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, other substance addiction, antisocial personality disorder, and academic problems.
“Several studies have shown that adolescent tobacco use is associated with later risk of developing mental and behavioral problems such as major depressive disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, addiction to other substances, antisocial personality disorder, or academic problems (Brown et al. 1996; Brook et al. 1998, 2002; Johnson et al. 2000; McGee et al. 2000; Ellickson et al. 2001).”
From Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Nicotine Exposure during Adolescence for Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Network Function (2012) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 1996
Adolescent smoking increases the risk of developing psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment later in life.
“Studies in human subjects indicate that smoking during adolescence increases the risk of developing psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment in later life.”
From Short- and Long-Term Consequences of Nicotine Exposure during Adolescence for Prefrontal Cortex Neuronal Network Function (2012) · cites this paper as Brown et al. 1996
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- Authors
- BROWN, R. A., LEWINSOHN, P. M., SEELEY, J. R., & WAGNER, E. F.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Oregon Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- BROWN, RICHARD A.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-12
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1602-1610
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998109368
- Cited by
- 435
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 5.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh046931-03)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH040501, MH40501, MH46931)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA08511-03, R01DA008511)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- adolescent smoking, cigarette smoking, major depressive disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, disruptive behavior disorders, smoking onset, smoking prevention, smoking cessation, gender differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Oregon, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, Smoking, Logistic Models
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