Genesis of the iron ores of the Pretoria Series, South Africa
Abstract
Precambrian iron formations contain both banded and oolitic ores. Associated rocks include argillaceous and arenaceous beds, and volcanics. Detailed microscopic study suggests that ores were deposited as gelatinous iron hydroxides, iron-aluminum silicates, iron carbonate, and clastic quartz. Both shallow-and deeper-water environments are recognized. Diagenesis and metamorphism produced goethite, lepidocrocite, hematite, magnetite, chamosite, kaolinite, prochlorite, and ankerite. On the assumption that the atmosphere was oxidizing, solutions from terrestrial weathering are considered an inadequate source of dissolved iron, and a theory of submarine volcanic exhalations is favored.
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Giant IFs were not deposited between ca. 2.40 and 1.88 Ga, but oolitic hematitic ironstones of the 2.32 Ga lower Timeball Hill Formation in South Africa were deposited in shallow water, above fair-weather wave base.
“Giant IFs were not deposited between ca. 2.40 and 1.88 Ga, but oolitic hematitic ironstones of the 2.32 Ga lower Timeball Hill Formation in South Africa were deposited in shallow water, above fairweather wave base (Schweigart, 1965; Dorland, 1999).”
From Iron formations: A global record of Neoarchaean to Palaeoproterozoic environmental history (2017) · cites this paper as Schweigart, 1965
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- Authors
- Schweigart, H.
- Corresponding author
- Schweigart, Hartmut
- Venue
- Economic Geology
- Publisher
- Society of Economic Geologists, Inc.
- Published
- 1965-03-01
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 269-298
- ISSN
- 0361-0128 (ISSN-L)
- 1554-0774
- OpenAlex
- W1964658768
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Economic Geology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Keywords
- iron ore genesis, Precambrian iron formations, oolitic iron ore, iron hydroxide, iron carbonate, diagenesis, metamorphism, goethite, lepidocrocite, hematite, magnetite, chamosite, kaolinite, ankerite, oxidizing atmosphere, South Africa
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